#A patient has healing of the thigh-bone fracture with displacement of bone fragments to the length of 3 cm with correct longitudinal proportions.

What type of shortening will the patient have?Projecting.Relative.1

Anatomical.Without contraction.Total.

#On examination of the patient the following capacity of movements inknee-joint was defined: extension - 180°, "flexion - 150°.

What type of movements restriction the patient has?1Contraction.Fibrous anchylosis.Osseous anchylosis.Rigidity.Extraarticular anchylosis.

#As a result of inflammatory process and its long-term treatment, the ac¬tive and passive movements in patient's knee-joint are absent. The radiologi¬cal findings include significant narrowing of knee-joint space, sclerosis and injury of articular surfaces.Establish the clinicoradiological diagnosis.?Contraction.Osseous anchylosis.Rigidity.1Fibrous anchylosis.Extraarticular anchylosis

#During examination of a patient, who had comminuted fracture of hume¬rus condyle 8 month ago, the following symptoms were

established: the ex¬tremity disposes in elbow joint flexion at angle of 90° and its active move¬ments are absent. During analysis of passive movements, negligible mobility (less then 5°) is defined. There is significant narrowing of elbow joint space without impairment of articular surfaces congruence on radiograms.Establish the clinicoradiologicai diagnosis.?Contraction.Osseous anchylosis.Rigidity.1Fibrous anchylosis.Extraarticular anchylosis.

#A long-term medical articular immobilization implements on a patient with open fracture of distal metaepiphysis of shin-bone, was complicated by purulent arthritis. After the treatment, there is absence of active and passive movements in ankle-joint. In radiograms: solid comminuted fracture of shin-bone distal metaepiphysis. The articular space is filled by osseous substance and almost not defined.Establish the clinicoradiologicai diagnosis.?1Osseous anchylosis.Rigidity.Contraction.Fibrous anchylosis.Extraarticular anchylosis.

#A patient had back dislocation of forearm bones, which was treated by generally applicable method.On examination of the patient 6 months after the trauma: upper extrem¬ity elbow joint is in flexion of 90° angle. There is spindle-shaped deformationof elbow joint. Active and passive movement are not defined. Distal part of humerus and superior one third of ulna are joined by osseous mass in the form of "bridges" on medial and posterior surfaces of elbow joint.

Establish the clinicoradiologicai diagnosis.?Fibrous anchylosis.Contraction.Rigidity.1Extraarticular anchylosis.Îsseous anchylosis.

#A patient, who was treated by fixation method because of humerus dia-physis fracture, has healing of bone fragments with displacement on its axis (under the angle)What type of shortening will the patient have?Relative,Anatomical.1Projecting.TotalÒhe absence of contraction.

# A 12 years old child suffers from an untreated congenital hip dislocation. The pathology is characterized by femoral head displacement (according to lower extremity) upwards regarding to acetabulum.What type of shortening will the child have?Projecting.1Relative.Anatomical,Total.The absence of contraction

#On examination of the patient, there is the solid fracture of middle one third of knee-joint diaphysis with bone fragments displacement to length of 2 cm and limitation of humerus extension by 30°.What type of contraction will the patient have?

1Total.The absence of contraction.Projecting.Relative.Anatomical.

#On examination of the patient with upper extremity trauma, there is the anatomic axis disorder at the level of elbow joint with open angle to outwards. What type of anatomic axis disorder does the patient have?

Varus.1Valgus.Recurvation.Anterecurvation.

#On examination of the patient with lower extremity injury, there was anato¬mic axis disorder at the level of hip with open angle outwards, was established.What type of anatomic axis disorder does the patient have?AnterecurvationValgus1VarusRecurvation

#At examination of the patient with lower extremity trauma, there is the anatomic axis disorder at the middle one third of tibia with open angle to for¬wards. 80 What type of anatomic axis disorder does the patient have?1Recurvation.Varus.Valgus.

Anterecurvation.

# On examination of the patient with upper extremity trauma, there is the anatomic axis disorder at the middle one third of humerus with open angle tobackwards.What type of anatomic axis disorder does the patient have?0Valgus.Varus.1Anterecurvation.Recurvation.

#On radiological examination of the patient, who was treated during 2 months because of oblique shin-bone diahpysis fracture, there is the forma¬tion of callus in the form of moderate spindle-shaped mass, which connectsthe edges of bone fragments as "coupling".What is the name of this callus type?0Endosteal.1Periosteal.Paraosseous.Intermediary.

#On radiological examination of the patient, 1.5 month after osteosynthe¬sis on account of transverse humerus diaphysis fracture, there are anatomic fragments reduction, osseous mass filling of interfragmentary space and no changes in medullary cavity at the fracture level.What is the name of this callus type?1

Intermediary.Periosteal.Endosteal.Paraosseous.

#The control radiograms of a patient, who was treated by osteosynthesis method by external fixation apparatus, one and half month after simple transverse shin-bone diaphysis fracture, there are anatomic fragments reduc¬tion and clearly visualization of interfragmentary space at the area of cortical layers of bone fragments. There is significant narrowing of medullary cavity at the fracture level in the form of "sand-glass" due to osseous tissue forma¬tion.What is the name of this callus type?1Endosteal.Intermediary,Paraosseous.Periosteal.

#A patient had the open thigh-bone diaphysis fracture, which was com¬plicated by purulent inflammation of wound soft tissue, during treatment by constant skeletal traction. Later on, inflammatory process was liquidated.On radiograms, 4 months after the trauma, the displaced fragments are moven to one third of diaphysis, clearly visualization of interfragmentary space and the fragments edges connection by dense osseous mass in the form of "bridges".What is the name of this callus type?Endosteal.Periosteal.1Paraosseous.Intermediary.

#A patient was hospitalized because of simple comminuted middle one third thigh-bone diaphysis fracture with fragments displacement on length and axis.What is the appropriate treatment method?Fixation,Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).1Extensive.Functional.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A patient was hospitalized because of simple transverse lower one third ulna fracture without bone fragments displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?0Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).1Fixation.Extensive.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.functional.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of simple transverse middle one third thigh-bone diaphysis fracture with fragments displaced to length of 7 cm.What is the appropriate treatment method?Fixation.Extensive.Functional.1Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of open comminuted middle one third thigh-bone diaphysis fracture with fragments displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method (apart from the primary sur¬gical treatment of wound)?Fixation.Extensive.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).

Functional1Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A patient complains of pain and mobility restriction in shoulder joint. 10 days ago the patient fell to the ground on extended arm and since then she has foregoing complains. At the time of visit to doctor, the pain and mobility-restriction in shoulder joint was significantly reduced.On patient's examination, there is impacted humerus surgical neck frac¬ture with satisfactory state of fragments.What is the appropriate treatment method?Functional. B„ Extensive,Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Fixation.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).

# A patient was treated by constant skeletal traction method on account of simple spiral fracture of the lower one third shin-bone for 10 days. The repo¬sition of fragments is not achieved. On examination the bony crepitus is not defined.Select the further treatment strategy.?

Plaster bandage fixation.Treatment by skeletal extension method with load increasing1

Operative intervention (metallicosteosynthesis).Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional method.

#A patient complains of pain and movements impossibility in shoulder joint due to fall on extended and abducted outwards arm.On examination the patient supports extended and abducted in elbow joint left arm by opposite hand. The shoulder-girdle at left is lower then at right and the head flexion to the right. There are falling back of deltoid mus¬cle and clear outlines of scapula acromion process under the skin. The anat¬omic axis passes over the external part of scapula. Active movements are ab¬sent. Passive movements are springy and sharply painful.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?Scapula acromion process fracture.1Shoulder dislocation.Humerus surgical neck fracture.Humeral head fracture.Scapula acromial edge fracture.

#A patient fell on hyperextended arm. He feels a sharp pain in elbow joint and impossibility of active movements.On examination, the left elbow joint size increased, forearm contraction relatively to opposed one and flexion at the angle 130° with easy pronation. The elbow process protrudes out to backwards and to outwards with falling back over it. The head of radial bone has clear outlines under the skin and it is easy to palpate. The active movement in elbow joint is absent and the pas-sive movements are springy and sharply painful. There is disorder in Coun¬ter's triangle.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?Elbow process fracture.

Humerus diaphysis fracture.Radial head dislocation.1Posterior forearm dislocation.Humerus lower one third fracture

#The patient fell on elbow at flexed forearm. He feels the sharp pain in elbow joint and impossibility of active movements.On examination, the right elbow joint size increased, lengthening of fore¬arm relatively to opposed one and humerus contraction. There is forearm flex¬ion at the angle of 70°. The head of radial bone and the coronal process are pal¬pated on front surface of elbow joint under the skin. The active movements are absent. The passive movements are springy and sharply painful.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?0Forearm upper one third fracture.Humerus diaphysis fracture.1Front forearm dislocation.Elbow process fracture.Back forearm dislocation.

#After the car crash, the patient lost consciousness and doesn't remember what happened. The patient feels a sharp pain in knee joint and impossibility of movements.On examination, there are right leg extension and significant knee joint size increased. There are bayonet deformations at the level of knee joint and insignificant contraction of extremity (1-2 cm). The patella regarding to shin is situated to outwards and backwards. The active movements are absent. Passive movements are springy and sharply painful.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?0

Thigh-bone diaphysis fracture.1Shin dislocation.Patella dislocation.Shin-bone diaphysis fracture.Thigh-bone one third fracture.

#After the car crash, the patient complains of sever pain in hip joint and impossibility of leg movements.On examination, the right leg is rotated inwards and semiflexed in knee and hip joints. There is significant contraction of right leg compare to left one. The greater trochanter is situated higher then Rosen-Helatone line. The active movements in hip joint are absent. The passive movements are springy and sharply painful.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?0Thigh bone neck fracture.Thigh bone trochanter area fracture.1Thigh bone back dislocation.Greater trochanter fracture.Acetabulum fundus fracture.

#A patient fell from great height on flexed legs. Trie patient complains of sever pain in the left hip joint and impossibility of movements.On examination, the left leg is flexed in hip and knee joins, abducted and rotated to outwards. The greater trochanter is not palpabie. The active move¬ments in hip joint are absent. The passive movements are springy and sharply painful.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?0Thigh bone trochanter area fracture.1

Front thigh dislocation.Thigh bone neck fracture.Acetabulum fundus fracture.Greater trochanter fracture.

#A patient fell from a bicycle. The patient complains of pain in left sup-rabrachium area and movements restriction in shoulder joint.On examination, the patient presses the left arm to the chest and supports it under the elbow by his right hand. The left suprabrachium is rather con¬tracted comparatively to right one. At infraclavicular fossa the swelling and deformation are defined. There are palpatory tenderness and crepitation at the swelling. The active movements in shoulder joint is restricted and painfullEstablish presumptive diagnosis.?0Shoulder dislocation.Humerus surgical neck fracture.Scapula beak-shaped process fracture.1Collar bone fracture.Scapula acromial process fracture.

#A patient came was admitted with complains of pain in right shoulder joint area, which increase at arm movements. The day before patient fell on the right shoulder.On examination, there is swelling and step-like deformation at acromio¬clavicular joint. There are palpatory tenderness at the swelling and positive "key" symptom. The crepitation is absent.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?0Scapula acromial edge fracture.Shoulder dislocation.1Scapula acromial edge dislocation.

Scapula acromial process fracture.Scapula beak-shaped process fracture.

#A patient complains of pain in upper part of breast bone. The pain in¬creases at arm movements in shoulder joint and deep breathing. The patient got the trauma at wrestling training.On examination: there are palpatory tenderness swelling and step-like deformations at the upper part of breast bone. When doctor presses on collar bone and moves the patient's arm to outwards there is increased in pain and step-like deformation disappears.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?

Scapula sternal edge fracture.Breast bone fracture.1Scapula sternal edge dislocation.Rib fracture.Soft tissue bruise.

# A patient complains of pain in he right half of back. The pain increase at shoulder joint during the movements of the right arm. The trauma had hap¬pened due to falling on back.On examination: there is palpatory tenderness of triangular form swell¬ing in right scapula projection. The pain does not increase when the doctor squeezes the chest in frontal and sagittal planes. Active and passive move¬ments of extremity are restricted because of pain.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?0Ribs fracture.1Scapula body fracture.Soft tissue bruise.Scapula acromial process fracture.Scapula neck fracture.

#A patient complains on the pain in the shoulder joint and impossibility of movements. The patient got trauma by falling on arm, which was flexed in elbow joint.On examination: the arm is adducted to the chest and supported by op¬posed arm. The shoulder joint is increased in size, but its outlines are not dis¬rupted. There are palpatory tenderness and crepitation in shoulder joint. The active movements in shoulder joint are impossible. The passive movements are restricted because of pain and accompanied by crepitation.Establish presumptive diagnosis.?1Humerus proximal part fracture.Scapula acromial process fracture. Shoulder dislocation. Scapula beak-shaped process fracture. Shoulder joint bruise.

#A patient complains of pain and active movements restriction in shoul¬der joint. Trauma war due to falling on extended arm.On examination: there is impacted humerus surgical neck fracture with satisfactory relationship between bone fragments axes.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.Transosteal osteosynthesis with use the external fixation apparatus.1Fixation.

#A patient complains of pain and active movements restriction in shoul¬der joint. The trauma war due to falling on extended arm.On examination: there is transverse humerus surgical neck fracrure without bone fragments displaced.

What is the appropriate treatment method?Extensive.1Fixation.Transosteal osteosynthesis with the use of external fixation appa¬ratus.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.

#A patient feels pain in the right shoulder joint and inability to do active movements of extremity due to falling.Own examination: there is the comminuted humerus surgical neck frac¬ture with displacement of bone fragments to width, to length and to axis.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Functional.Transosteal osteosynthesis with use the external fixation apparatus.Fixation.1Extensive.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).

# A patient was hospitalized to fraumatological ward on account of simple oblique humerus surgical neck fracture with bone fragments displaced to width and to length.On examination: the crepitation symptom is absent. It indicates the in¬terposition of soft tissue between bone fragments.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation.1Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Extensive.

Transosteal osteosynthesis with the use of external fixation appara¬tusFunctional.

#A female patient of 82 years old was hospitalized on account of simple comminuted humerus surgical neck fracture with bone fragments displaced.On examination, the next concomitant pathology was established: diabe¬tes mellitus, coronary artery disease with cardiac decompensation, cerebral atherosclerosis with dementia manifestations, pneumosclerosis with signifi¬cant respiratory failure.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive.1Functional.Fixation.Transosteal osteosynthesis with use the external fixation apparatus.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).

# A female patient compains of moderate pain and movements restriction in shoulder joint. The patient fell on flexed elbow joint, 12 days ago. After that, the patient feels pain and restriction of function in the arm. The patient didn't ask for medical care considering that trauma as an injury. Later on, the pain decreased and the movements in shoulder joint had got better.On examination: there is the impact humerus surgical neck fracture.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive.Fixation.1Functional.Transosteal osteosynthesis with use the external fixation apparatus.

Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).

# A child fell from a tree on flexed elbow joint. The child complains of pain and movements impossibility in elbow joint.On examination: there is edema at elbow joint area. The Gunter triangle is not disordered. 'Use Marks line is deviated outwards. There is sharp palpa¬tory tenderness and crepitation at distal part of shoulder.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?

Humeruscondyle fracture.Ulna process fracture.Ulna head fracture.Elbow joint bruise.1Humerus supradiaphysis fracture.

#The patient complains on pain and movements impossibility in elbow joint. The patient fell on flexed elbow 2 hours ago.On examination: there are edema and increared in size of elbow joint area. The forearm is deviated outwards. The Gunter's triangle is not equilat¬eral. There are palpatory tenderness and crepitation in distal part of upper arm. Active movements in elbow joint are impossible. Passive movements are painful.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?

Humerus epicondyle fracture.Ulna process fracture.1Humerus condyle fracture.Ulna head fracture.Back forearm dislocation.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of T-shaped simple humerus condyle fracture without bone fragments displacement.

What is the appropriate treatment method?Extensive.1Fixation.Transosteal osteosynthesis with use the external fixation apparatus.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.

# The patient was hospitalized on account of Y-shaped simple humerus condyle fracture with bone fragments displaced to length and at the angle.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation.Transosteal osteosynthesis with use the external fixation apparatus.1Extensive.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.

#A patient underwent treatment by skeletal traction method for 10 days on account of simple comminuted humerus condyle fracture. The satisfactory reposition of bone fragments is not achieved.What is the future treatment strategy?

To apply the transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.To apply the functional treatment method.1Operative treatment (metallicosteosynthesis).To continue treatment by skeletal traction.To apply the fixation by plaster bandage.

#A patient complains of pain in the shoulder and impaired function of ex¬tremity. Trauma happened due to falling on shoulder.

On examination: the shoulder is increased in its size due to edema. There is angular deformation at the lower one third of the upper arm. There are sharp palpatory tenderness, crepitation and pathological mobility at the lower one third of upper arm. The hand is in palmar flexion. The tactile sensitivity in I-II fmgers of hand are absent. The active extension of hand and abductionof first finger are impossible.On radiograms: there is oblique humerus diaphysis fracture at the border between middle and lower one third of humerus with bone fragments dis¬placed.What is the name of this complication?

Injury of brachial artery.Injury of humeral biceps.1Injury of radial nerve.Injury of ulnar nerve.Injury of median nerve.

# On examination of a patient: there is the oblique simple humerus frac¬ture at the border between middle and lower third of diaphysis. The fracture is complicated by injury of ulnar nerve. What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation.1Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Extensive.Transosteal osteosyntesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional.

# A patient complains on pain of shoulder and impaired function of ex¬tremity. The trauma was due to falling on elbow.

On examination: there is comminuted simple humerus diaphysis lower one third fracture with bone fragments displaced.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.1Extensive.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.

#A patient complains of pain in shoulder and impaired function of ex¬tremity. Trauma was due to knock in the shoulder.On examination: there is simple transverse humerus middle one third diaphysis fracture without bone fragments displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Extensive.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.1Fixation.

# A patient complains of pain and movements impossibility in left elbow joint. Trauma was due to falling on internal part of elbow joint.On examination: there is varus deviation of forearm at the level of elbow joint. The elbow joint is increased in size. There are palpatory tenderness and crepitation at internal surface of elbow joint. The Gunter's triangle is not equilateral. Active movements is impossible. Passive movements are re¬stricted and painful.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?

Humerusexternal epicondyie fracture.

Radial head fracture.1Humerus internal epicondyie fracture..Ulnar process fracture.Back forearm dislocation.

#On the examination of the patient, the simple humerus intercondylar fracture without bone fragments displacement was established.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).1Fixation.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional.

#On examination of a patient, simple Y-shaped humerus intercondylar fracture with bone fragments displacement to length and width was estab¬lished.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional.Fixation.1Extensive.

#A patient was treated for 10 days by constant skeletal extension method because of simple humerus external epicondyie fracture with bone frag¬ments displacement to length and width. Satisfactory reposition was not achieved.What is future treatment strategy?

To continue the treatment by skeletal extension with increasing loadby shoulder axis.To apply fixation method of treatment.To apply functional method of treatment.To apply transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.1Operative (metallisosteosynthesis).

#On examination of a patient, there is simple T-shaped humerus inter¬condylar fracture with bone fragments displaced. The fracture is complicated by brachial artery compressionWhat is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive.Functional.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Fixation.1Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).

#A patient complains of pain and impaired function in elbow joint. Trauma was due to falling on extended arm with emphasis on palm.On examination: the patient supports the arm in half-extended position. The elbow joint is increased in size. There is valgus deviation of forearm. There is the palpatory tenderness outwards of elbow joint. Active flexion-extension movements in elbow joint are restricted. The prosupinatory move¬ments are impossible because of pain.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?

Humerus interal epicondyle fracture.Humerus transcondylar fracture.Back forearm dislocation.1Radial head fracture.

Elbow joint bruise.

#A patient complains of pain in forearm and restricted movements in el¬bow and wrist joints. Trauma was due to knock in forearm.On examination: there are the half-flexion of arm in elbow, the forearm pronation, the drooping down of hand. There are local swelling at the middle third of posterior-medial surface of forearm. There is palpatory tenderness and crepitation at that area. Active movements in elbow and wrist joins are restricted. The patient can not perform hand into a clinched fist because of pain.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?

Soft tissue bruise of forearm.

Radial diaphysis fracture.Forearm both bone fracture.1Elbow diaphysis fracture.Galeazzi tracture.

# A patient complains of pain in forearm and restricted movements in ex¬tremity joints. Trauma was due to falling on forearm.On examination: the arm is half-flexion in elbow, the forearm pronation, drooping down of hand. There is local edema at the middle third posterior-medial surface of forearm. There is palpatory tenderness and crepitation at that area. Pathological mobility is absent. Active movements in elbow and wrist joins are restricted. The patient can not performs clinched fist because of pain.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?

Soft tissue bruise of forearm.1Radial diaphysis fracture.Forearm both bones fracture.

Elbow diaphysis fracture.Monteggia fracture.

#A patient complains of pain in forearm and impaired function of extrem¬ity. Trauma was due to falling on extended arm with emphasis on palm.On examination: the arm is half-flexion in elbow, the forearm pronation, drooping down of hand. There are significant edema and deformation of forearm. There are palpatory tenderness, crepitation and pathological mobil¬ity in the middle on third of forearm. Flexion-extension at the elbow and supinatory movements in forearm are not possible because of pain.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????

Galeazzi fracture.Radial diaphysis fracture.1Forearm both bones fracture.Elbow diaphysis fracture.Monteggia fracture.

#After examination of a patient. Simple transverse middle one third radial diaphysis fracture without bone fragments displacement was established.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.1Fixation.

Extensive.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

# After examination of a patient. Simple oblique lower one third elbow diaphysis fracture with bone fragments displacement to length and width was established.What is the appropriate treatment method?1Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.Fixation.Extensive.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#After car crash, the patient has open comminuted middle one third fore¬arm fracture. The wound is crushed and badly contaminated by foreign bod¬ies.What is the appropriate treatment method (apart from the primary sur¬gical treatment of wound)?

Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional.Fixation.Extensive.1Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A patient addresses to trauma surgery because of pain in wrist joint and impaired function of hand. The trauma was due to falling on extended arm with emphasis on palmar surface of hand.On examination: there are significant edema and fork-shaped deforma¬tion at wrist joint area. The hand is radial abducted. The hand fingers are in half-flexed position. There are palpatory tenderness and crepitation at wrist joint area. The active movements of hand and fingers are sharply restricted because of pain.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.???????

Navicular bone fracture.Radial bone fracture in typical site (Smith's).Forearm lower on third fracture.1Radial bone fracture in typical site (Coiles').Wrist joint bruise.

#A patient complains on pain in wrist joint and impaired function of hand. The trauma was due to falling on extended arm with emphasis on back sur¬face ofhand.On examination: there are significant edema and bayonet-shaped deforma¬tion at wrist joint area. The hand is flexed. The hand fingers are in half-flexed position. There are palpatory tenderness and crepitation at wrist joint area. The active movements of hand and fingers are sharply restricted because of pain.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?????

Navicular bone fracture.1Radial bone fracture in typical site (Smith's).Forearm lower one third fracture.Radial bone fracture in typical site (Colics').Wrist joint braise.

#At examination of the patient, the extensive radial bone fracture in typi¬cal site (Colles') was established.What is the right position of hand in plaster bandage must be after bone fragments reposition?

Palmar flexion.Moderately physiological.Dovsal flexion.Dovsal flexion and ulnar deviatirn.1

Palmar flexion and ulnar deviatim.

#On examination of the patient, flexion radial bone fracture in typical site (Smith's) was established.What is the right position of hand in plaster bandage must be after bone fragments reposition?

Palmar flexion.Moderately physiological.Dovsal flexion.1Dovsal flexion and ulnar deviatirn.Palmar flexion and radial deviatim.

#A patient complains of pain in wrist joint an impaired function of hand. Trauma was due to falling with emphasis on palmar surface of hand in ex¬tended position.On examination: there is moderate edema of wrist joint and palpatory tenderness at anatomical snuffbox area. There is pain at anatomical snuffbox area in the presence of load at axes of I-II metacarpal bones. There is increas¬ing pain on extending and deviation of hand.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?????????1Navicular bone fracture.Radial bone fracture in typical site (Smith's).Lunate bone fracture.Radial bone fracture in typical site (Colles').Wrist joint bruise.

#What would be the hand position to treat the navicular bone fracture by plaster bandage?

Flexion and ulnar deviation.Extension and ulnar deviation.

Moderate physiological.Flexion, radial deviation and abduction of first finger.1Extension, radial deviation and abduction of first finger.

# A patient complains of pain in neck, restriction and tenderness at head movement. Trauma was due to diving in water and knocking the head against the bottom.On examination: the patient supports his head sloped forwards and to the left by both hands. There are significant tension of neck muscles and out¬pouching of spinal process of forth cervical vertebra. The pain increases on pressing the spinal process of forth cervical vertebra and paravetebral points. Load on axis also lead to increase of pain in neck.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.??????????

Spinal column cervical part bruise.Spinal column cervical part comminuted fracture.Neck muscles injury.1Spinal column cervical part simple fracture.Roots of spinal cord injury.

#After a car crash, the patient complains of pain in neck, numbness in body lower then suprabrachium level and was imposide to move the upper and lower extremities. There was tension in neck muscles and outpouching of spinal process of sixth cervical vertebra. The pain increases on pressing and axis load on spinal process of sixth cervical vertebra. The body sensitivity is absent beginning from the suprabrachium level. Active movements in upper and lower extremity are impossible.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.??????????1Spinal column cervical part injury, which complicated the injung ofthe spinal cord.

spinal cord injury.Neck muscles injury.Spinal column cervical part simple injury.Spinal column cervical part injury, which complicated the injung ofthe roots of spinal cord.

#A patient complains of pain in neck and movements restriction in head. Trauma was due to car crash.On examination of the patient. Simple stable compression first stage fracture of C5 body was established.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extension by Glisson's loop.Functional.1Fixation.Operative (spondylosyndesis).Skeletal extension by skull.

#After the car crash the patient complains of pain in neck and sharply re¬stricted movements in head.On examination of the patient, simple comminuted second stage fracture of C6 body was established.What is the appropriate treatment method?1Extension by Glisson's loop.Functional.Fixation.Operative (spondylosyndesis).Skeletal extension by skull

# A patient complains of pain in neck and head movements impossibility. Trauma was due to accelerated neck flexion.

On examination of the patient the C7 articular processes fracture with su¬perincumbent spinal column part displacement forwards. The neurological disorders are absent.What is the appropriate treatment method????Extension by Glisson's loop.Functional.Fixation.Operative (spondylosyndesis).1Skeletal extension by skull.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of spinal column cervical part trauma. Trauma happened 3 hours ago due to diving in the water with head downwards.On examination: there is the C5, C6 articular processes fracture-dislo¬cation. There are tetraplegia and anesthesia at the suprabrachium level.What is the appropriative treatment method?

Extension by Glisson's loop.Functional.Fixation.1Operative.Skeletal extension by skull.

#A patient complains of pain in neck and restricted movements of head. Trauma was due to knock on back part of neck.On examination of the patient, the C6 spinal process fracture without displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Functional.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).

1Fixation.Extension by Glisson's loop.Skeletal extension by skull.

#A 27 years old patient has simple compression first stage fracture of Th7body.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Single-stage reclination with plaster jacket fixation.Loop extension by axilla areas.Operative (spondylosyndesis).Gradual reclination with plaster jacket fixation.1Functional.

#A patient complains of pain in interscapular region and the pain increas¬ing at body movements. Trauma was due to sharply flexion at the moment of falling.On examination: there are enlarged kyphosis of thoracal part of spinal column and The, spinal process outpouching. The long muscles of back are tense. The pain increase during pressing on spinal process and load at spine axis.Establish presumptive diagnosis.????????

Back muscles injury.Th6 spinal process fracture.Interspinous ligaments fracture.Th6 body compression fracture.Transverse processes fracture.

#A patient, 65 years old, was hospitalized because of Thi2 compression first stage fracture. Concomitant pathology: ischemic heart disease.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Single-stage reclination with plaster jacket fixation.Loop extension by axilla areas.Operative (spondylosyndesis).1Functional.Gradual reclination with plaster jacket fixation.

#A patient got knock by stick into the back. The patient complains of pain in lumbar region. The pain increase at muscles tension.On examination: there are edema and hemorrhage in region of II1-IV lumbar vertebras. There are moderate palpatory tenderness of spinal proc¬esses and sharp tenderness of internal edge of long back muscles. The symp¬tom of spine axis load is negative.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????????

Compression vertebras bodies fracture.Spina! processes fracture.Long back muscles bruise.1Transverse processes fracture.Vertebras arches fracture.

#The patient fell on buttocks from 1 m height. The patient complains of pain in lumbar region and radiation of pain to thigh and to shin. On examination of the patient: there are comminuted L5 body fracture with decreasing of vertebra body height on lA, angle-shaped kyphosis, disor¬der and impression of vertebra locking plate.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extension by pelvic girdle.Single-stage reclination with plaster jacket fixation.1Operative (spondylosyndesis).

Functional.Gradual reclination with plaster jacket fixation.

# A patient complains of pain in neck and was insable to exterd because of sharp pain. Trauma was due to increased flexion of cervical part of spinal column when the fiat movine car was suddenly stopped.On examination: the head is flexed to the chest. There is edema at the region of C4 - C5 spinal processes. The neck muscles are tense. There is the palpatory tenderness in C4 - C5 interspinal spaces. The tip of finger freely penetrates between them. The load on spinal axis is slightly painfal.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.??????

Spinal processes fracture.1Injury of supraspinal and interspinal ligaments.Articular processes fracture.Vertebras bodies fracture.Injury of back muscles.

# A 50 years old patient has Th2 fracture with total spinal cord injury. What is the appropriate treatment method?

Functional.Single-stage reclination with plaster jacket fixation.Operative (spondylosyndesis).1Prevention of urosepsis, regular bowels evacuation, prevention ofbedsores and contractions.Gradual reclination with piaster jacket fixation.

#A patient tried to jump over hole, but was afraid and suddenly stopped. The pain originated in the left inguinal region. The patient could move with¬out assistance only by back forwards.

On examination: there are edema and hemorrhage in region of front part of left iliac bone. There are palpatory tenderness and crepitation in that region.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.???????

Wing of ilium fracture.Horizontal pubic branch fracture.Vertical pubic branch fracture1Superior pubic spine fracture.Thigh quadriceps injury.

#A patient has simple superior pubic spine fracture without bone frag¬ments displacement. The trauma was due to a knock.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Skeletal extension.Fixation by plaster bandage.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).1Immobilization of extremity by functional splint.Fixation by pelvic orthesis.

#A patient was knocked by a car. The patient complains of pain in groin and impossibility of movements.On examination: the pelvic configuration is not impaired. There is edema in pubic and left inguinal regions. There is palpatory tenderness in these regions. Crepitation is absent. There are positive Larey's, Gabay's and "adhering heel" symptoms.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????????

Ischial bone fracture.Superior spine of ischial bone fracture.1

Horizontal branch of pubic bone fracture.Bottom of acetabulum fracture.Injury of pubic symphysis.

#A patient has horizontal branch of pubic bone fracture. What is the appropriate treatment method?

Inrrapelvic anesthesia by Selivanov-Shkolnikov.Fixation by pelvic orthesis.Skeletal extension.Operative (metallicosteosynthesis).1Immobilization in the bed by Volkovich.

#A patient hardly kicked the ball at the time of a football game. The pa¬tient feels pain in the groin and can move only by back forwards.After examination, the ilium superior spine fracture was diagnosed.What is the typical symptom of this injury?

Verneil's symptom.1Lozinsky's symptom.Larey's symptom.Gorinevsky's symptom.Gabay's symptom.

#A patient was knocked out by a car. On examination, there is symphysis rupture.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Skeletal traction of both legs.Immobilization in bed by Volkovich.Skeletal traction by one leg.1

Fixation in Hammock.Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).

#A patient was treated for 7 weeks by Hammock because of symphysis rupture. There was pain in region of symphysis pubis at dosated physical load. The diastase between the pubis bones are 2.5 cm on control radio¬grams.What is the future treatment strategy?

To continue the term of fixation by hammock.To apply the skeletal traction.To apply fixation by pelvic jacket.To apply fixation by core apparatus.1Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).

#A patient complains of pain in pelvis region and impaired function of lower extremity. Trauma was due to falling on the buttocks from a height of 2 m.On examination: there are the forced position (Volkovich's symptom) and skewness of pelvis (the anterior-superior spine is higher then left one). There is edema and palpatory tenderness at right pubic region. The right leg contraction by to 3 cm and positive "adhering heel" symptom. There are positive Vernail's and Larey's symptoms.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.???????????

Right pubic bone fracture.Right ischial bone fracture.Vertical right iliac bone fracture.1Vertical right Malgen's fracture.Diagonal Malgen's fracture.

#A patient was hospitalized to traumatology center because of pelvistrauma.On examination, there is the vertical left Malgen's fracture with bone displacement and the traumatic shock II stage. Select the anaesthetic method.??????????

Epidural anesthesia.Nonnarcotic analgetics.1Anesthesia by Selivanov-Shkolnikov.Narcotic analgetics.Suppositories with analgetics.

#A patient was hospitalized to traumatologic center. The trauma was dueto a car crash.On examination: there is the pubic bone aad ischial bone fracture with¬out bone displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Skeletal extension by left leg.1Immobilization in bed by Volkovich.Skeletal extension by both legs.Fixation in hammock.Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).

#A patient had the vertical left pelvis Malgen's fracture with displacement to a length of a 3 cm.What is the appropriate treatment method?1Skeletal traction by left leg.Immobilization in bed by Volkovich.Fixation by pelvis jacket.Fixation in hammock.

Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).

#A patient complains of pain in left hip joint and groin and impaired func¬tion extremity. The trauma was due to falling on external surface of thigh.On examination: there is the leg rotation. The outlines of hip joint are not changed. There is no shortening of extremity.There is the positive "adhering heel" symptom. The load on extremity axis increases the pain in hip joint and in groin. The passive movements in hip join are restricted and painful.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.??????????

Femoral neck fracture.Horizontal branch of pubic bone fracture.Hip joint bruise.1Bottom of acetabulum fracture.Intertrochanteric fracture of thigh bone.

#A patient was hospitalized to trauniatological center because of bottom acetabulum fracture without central thigh dislocation. The congruence of ar¬ticular cavity is retained.Select the appropriate treatment method.1Skeletal traction on extremity axis.Immobilization in bed by Volkovich.Fixation by pelvic jacket.Fixation by plaster bandage.Immobilization of extremity by functional splint.

# A 56 years old patient was hospitalized because of medial adducted frac-trure of femoral neck.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Skeletal traction.Fixation by plaster bandage.1Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional method.Transoslea! osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus,

#A patient complains of pain in hip joint and in groin and impaired func¬tion of extremity. Trauma was due to hit of a car on external surface of thigh.On examination: the patient lays on the back. The leg is abducted and ro¬tated to outwards. The leg is flexed in hip and knee joints. The external out¬line of hip joint is flatten. The greater trochanter is palpated deep in the soft tissue. Load on extremity axis increases the pain in hip joint and in groin. Ac¬tive movements are absent. Passive movements are sharply painful and mod¬erate springy.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????????

Femoral neck fracture.1Bottom acetabulum fracture with central displacement of thigh.Hip joint bruise.Bottom acetabulum fracture without central displacement of thigh.Anterior dislocation.

# A patient complains of pain in hip joint and impaired function of extrem¬ity. Trauma was due to falling on external surface of thigh.On examination: the patient lays on the back. The extremity is moderate adducted, rotated outwards and shortening by 3 cm. The level of greater tro¬chanter is higher then Rozen-Helaton's line. There are positive Girgolov's symptom and "adhering heel" symptom. Load on extremity axis increases the pain in hip joint.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????????

Posterior dislocation.Bottom acetabulum fracture.1Femoral neck fracture.Great trochanter fracture.Anterior dislocation.

#A patient complains of pain in hip joint and impaired function of extrem¬ity. Trauma wos due to falling on external surface of thigh.On examination: the patient Says on the back. The extremity is moderate adducted, rotated to outwards and shorten to 3 cm. There are significant ' edema and braise at the external surface of hip joint. The level of greater tro¬chanter is higher the Rozen-Helaton's line. The Shoemaker's line is lower then navel. The "adhering heel" symptom is positive. There are sharp pain and crepitation in hip joint region at passive movements of extremity.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.???????

Femoral neck fracture.1Acetabular region thigh bone fracture.Bottom acetabulum fracture.Postirior dislocation.Front thigh dislocation.

#A patient complains of moderate pain in hip joint and in groin. The pain irradiates to knee joint and increases at extremity load. Trauma was due to failing of external surface of hip joint.On examination: the patient lays on the back. The extremity is moderate rotated to outwards. The contraction of leg is absent. The outlines of hip joint are not changed. The level of greater trochanter is on Rozen-Helaton's line. The Girgolov's symptom is positive. The active lifting of extending leg is re¬stricted because of pain. The load on great trochanter and on extremity axis increases the pain in hip joint and in groin. Passive

movements in hip joint are not much painful. The joint range of motions is full.What is the typical injury may has the patient?

Front thigh dislocation.Adducted femoral neck fracture.1Abducted femoral neck fracture (impacted fracture).Interstroehanteric thigh bone fracture.Greater trochanter fracture.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of impacted (abducted) femora! neck fracture.What is the appropriate treatment method?Functional method.1Disciplinary traction with load 2-3 kg.Fixation by plaster bandage.Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A 49 years old patient was hospitalized to traumatological center be¬cause of adducted lateral femora! neck fracture.What is the appropriate treatment method?1Extensive method.Functional method.Operative method (endoprosthesis).Fixation method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A 79 years old patient was hospitalized because of adducted medial femoral neck fracture. The severity of patient's general state is conditioned

by significant cardiopulmonary decompensation and demented manifesta¬tions.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive method.Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).1Symptomatic therapy.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Fixation method.

#A patient was hospitalized because of intertrochanteric comminuted thigh bone fracture with bone fragments displacement. The severity of pa¬tient's general state is conditioned only by fracture. The concomitant somatic pathology is absent.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation method.Functional method.1Extensive method.Operative method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A patient was hospitalized because of intertrochanteric thigh bone frac¬ture without bone fragments displacement. The patient has the concomitant somatic pathology, which can progress and lead to severe complications due to hypodynamia.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive method.Functional method.Fixation method.Operative method (endoprosthesis).

1Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).

#A patient has oblique lower one third diaphysis fracture with typical for this level bone fragments displacement.What complication may happen in this case?

Peroneal nerve injury.Thigh muscles injury.Tibial nerve injury.1Popliteal artery injury.Skin perforation.

#A patient was hospitalized to traurnatological center because of simple transverse middle one third femoral diaphysis fracture with bone fragments displacement to length to 6 cm.What is the appropriative treatment method?Extensive method.1Operative method (metallicosieosynthesis).Fixation method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional method.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of simple comminuted middle one third femoral diaphysis fracture with bone fragments displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).1Extensive method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional method.Fixation method.

#A patient was hospitalized because of simple oblique lower one third femoral diaphysis fracture with typical bone fragments displacement. On ad¬ditional examination, threat of popliteal artery injury was revealed.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Fixation method.1Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).Functional method.

#A patient was treatedfor 7 days by constant skeletal traction method on account of simple oblique upper one third femoral diaphysis fracture with bone fragments displaced. The bone fragments displacement remains in spite of classic application of treatment method. The crepitation is absent.What is the future treatment strategy?

To apply skeletal traction with load increasing.To apply fixation by plaster bandage.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.To continue skeletal traction with load decreasing.1Operative treatment (metallicosteosynthesis).

#A patient was hospitalized because of simple femoral lateral condyle fracture without displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?1Fixation method.Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).Extensive method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

Functional method.

#A patient complains of pain, extremity load and movements impossibil¬ity in knee joint. The trauma is due to falling from height 2 m with emphasis on extending extreminty.On examination: there is the valgus deviation of shin. The knee joint is increased in size. There are sharp palpatory tenderness and crepitation at the external surface of knee joint (higher then its space). The ballottement patella symptom is positive. Establish the presumptive diagnosis.???????

Knee joint bruise.Injury of lateral collateral ligament.1Femoral lateral condyle fracture,Patella fracture.Injury of lateral! meniscus.

#A patient complains of pain, extremity load arid movements impossibil¬ity in knee joint. The trauma is due to falling from height 2 m with emphasis on extending extremity.On examination: there is valgus deviation of shin. The knee joint is in¬creased in size. There are sharp palpatory tenderness and crepitation at the in¬ternal surface of knee joint (femoral condyle region). The ballottement pa¬tella symptom is positive.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????????

Injury of medial collateral ligament.Patella fracture.Injury of medial meniscus.Knee joint bruise.1Femoral medial condyle fracture.

#A patient complains of pain, extremity load and movements impossibil¬ity in knee joint. The trauma is due to falling to hole with emphasis on un¬bending extremity.On examination: the anatomic axis of low extremity is remained. The knee joint is significantly increased is size.There are intense palpatory tenderness and crepitation at distal part of thigh. The fluctuation and ballottement patella symptoms are positive. There is significant shin side mobility at the level of knee joint.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.??????

Collateral ligaments of knee joint injury.Lateral collateral ligament injury.1Femoral condyles fracture.Cruciform ligaments injury.Knee joint injury.

# A patient was hospitalized on account of simple Y-shaped femoral condyles fracture with bone fragments displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).Fixation method j.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.1Extensive method.Functional method.

#A patient was treated by constant skeletal extension method on account of simple T-shaped femoral condyles fracture. The satisfactory reposition of bone fragments was not achieved in spite of conventional method application for 8 days.What is the future treatment strategy?

Fixation by plaster bandage.To continue the treatment by skeletal traction.To apply functional treatment method.To apply transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.1Operative treatment (metallicosteosynthesis).

# A patient complains of pain, extremity load and movements impossibil¬ity in knee joint. The trauma is due knock on external surface of knee joint,On examination: there is the valgus deviation of shin. The knee joint is increased in size. There are crepitation and sharp palpatory tenderness at theexternal surface of knee joint (lower then its space). The ballottement patella symptom is positive.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.??????

Lateral collateral ligament injury.1Shin bone lateral condyle fracture.

Femoral lateracondyle fracture.Knee joint bruise.Injury of latera meniscus.

#A patient complains of pain, extremity load and movements impossibil¬ity in knee joint. The trauma is due to falling from height with emphasis on extended extremity.On examination: there is the varus deviation of shin. The knee joint is increased in size. There are sharp palpatory tenderness and crepitation at the medial surface of knee joint (lower then its space). The ballottement patella symptom is positive.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.?????

Femoral medial condyle fracture.Injury of medial meniscus.Media! collateral ligament injury.1Shin bone medial condyle fracture.Knee joint bruise.

#A patient complains of pain, extremity load and movements impossibil¬ity in knee joint. The trauma is due to falling from height with emphasis on extended extremity.On examination: the anatomic axis of extremity is remained but short¬ened by 2 cm. The knee joint is increased in size. There are intense palpatory tenderness and crepitation at proximal part of shin. The fluctuation and bal¬lottement patella symptoms are positive. There is the significant side shin mobility at the level of knee joint.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.??????

Injur}' of collateral ligaments.Injury of cruciform ligaments.Femoral condyles fracture.Patella fracture.1Shin bone condyles fracture.

#A patient was hospitalized because of simple shine bone external con¬dyle fracture without displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).1Fixation method.Extensive method,Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatusFunctional method.

#A patient was hospitalized because of Y-shaped shin bone condyles frac¬ture with bone fragments displacement.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation method.Operative method (metallicosteosynthesis).1Extensive method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional method.

#A patient was treated by constant skeletal traction method on account of simple T-shaped shin bone condyles fracture. Satisfactory reposition of bone fragments was not achieved in spite of conventional method application for 8days.What is the future treatment strategy?

To apply fixation by plaster bandage.1Operative treatment (metallicosteosynthesis).To continue treatment by skeletal traction.To apply transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.To apply functional treatment method.

#A patient complains of pain in knee joint. The pain increases at extrem¬ity load and active movements in knee joint. Trauma was due to falling on flexed knee.On examination: the knee joint is increased in size. There is significant edema on front surface of knee joint. There are crepitation and sharp palpa¬tory tenderness at front surface of knee joint. The fluctuation and ballotte-ment patella symptoms are positive. The active shin flexion is

restricted and moderate painful. The active extension is possible but sharply painful.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????

Knee joint bruise.Injury of meniscus.1Patella fracture without injury of femoral quadriceps tendon.Femoral condyles fracture.Patella fracture with injury of femoral quadriceps tendon.

#A patient complains of pain in knee joint. The pain increases at extrem¬ity load and active movements in knee joint. The trauma was due to falling on flexed knee.On examination: the knee joint is increased in size. There is significant edema on front surface of knee joint. There is sharp palpatory tenderness on front surface of knee joint. There are two bone fragments under the skin. The fluctuation and "adhering heel" symptoms are positive. The active shin ex¬tension is impossible.Establish the presumptive diagnosis.????

Femoral condyles fracture.1Patella fracture with injury of femoral quadriceps tendon.Shin bone condyles fracture.Patella fracture without injury of femoral quadriceps tendon.Injury of cruciform ligaments.

#A patient was hospitalized because of simple transverse patella fracture without bone fragments displacement (femoral quadriceps is not injured).What is the appropriate treatment method?

Extensive method.Operative method.

Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.1Fixation method.Functional method.

#A patient was hospitalized because of simple transverse patella fracture with bone fragments separated 3 mm from each other.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Operative method.1Fixation method.Functional method.Extensive method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of simple comminuted patella fracture with bone fragments separated 2 mm from each other.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation method.1Operative method.Functional method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Extensive method.

# A patient complains of pain in knee joint and impaired support ability of extremity. Trauma was due to load on extended leg with shin sloped to in¬wards.On examination: the knee joint is increased in size. There are edema and subcutaneous hemorrhage at lateral surface of knee joint. The ballotte-ment patella symptom is positive. At passive movements definition: there is excessive shin deviation inwards, which was accompanied by pain

in¬creased at lateral surface of knee joint. On radiograms: the bone damages are absent.Establish the diagnosis.???????

Medial collateral ligament injury.1Lateral collateral ligament injury.Anterior cruciform ligament injury.Posterior cruciform ligament injury.Knee joint bruise.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of simple comminuted middle one third both shin bones diaphysis fracture with bone fragments displacement to length.What is the appropriate treatment method?

Fixation method.1Extensive method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Functional method.Operative method (metailieosteosynthesis).

#A patient complains of pain in knee joint and impaired support ability of extremity. Trauma was due to load on extended leg with shin sloped to out¬wards.On examination: the knee joint is increased in size. There are painful edema and subcutaneous hemorrhage at interna! surface of knee joint. The fluctuation and ballottement patella symptoms are positive. At passive movements definition: there is excessive shin deviation to outwards, which is accompanied by increasing pain. On radiograms: the bone damages are ab¬sent.Establish the diagnosis.????????

Anterior cruciform ligament injury.Knee joint braise.1Lateral collateral ligament injury.Posterior cruciform ligament injury.Medial collateral ligament injury.

#A patient complains of pain in knee joint and impaired support ability of extremity. Trauma was due to knock on back surface of upper one third of shin.On examination: the knee joint is increased in size. The fluctuation and ballottement patella symptoms are positive. Palpatory tenderness is absent. At passive movements definition: there is shin deviation to forwards till 2.5 cm. On radiograms: the bone damages are absent.Establish the diagnosis.????????

Knee joint braise.Lateral collateral ligament injury.Back cruciform ligament injury.Medial collateral ligament injury.1Antirior cruciform ligament injury.

# A patient complains of pain in knee joint and impaired support ability of extremity. Trauma was due to knock on front upper one third of shin surface by car bumper.On examination: the knee joint is increased in size. Fluctuation and bal-lottement patella symptoms are positive. Palpatory tenderness is absent. At passive movements definition: there is shin deviation to backwards till 2 cm. On radiograms: the bone damages are absent.Establish the diagnosis.????????

Anterior cruciform ligament injury.Lateral collateral ligament injury.

Knee joint bruise.1Posterior cruciform ligament injury.Medial collateral ligament injury.

#A patient complains of periodical (during last 4 months) "jamming" sen¬sation in knee joint, which accompanied by pain. These phenomenon, as a rale, disappeared after few attempts of passive movements in knee joint.The patient got trauma 8 months ago. There was valgus deviation of shin with rotation. After that, the pain appeared in knee joint. There was also the movements restriction and impaired support ability of extremity.The patient undergo ambulatory care: the knee joint was punctured be¬cause of hemarthrosis, fixation of extremity by back plaster splint for 2 weeks with subsequent physiofunctional treatment.On examination: there are femoral quadriceps atrophy (Chaklin's symptom), moderate ballottement patella symptom, positive Baykov's and Turner's symptoms from medial side of knee joint. On radiograms: the bone damages are absent, but moderate narrowing of medial joint space is de¬fined.Establish the diagnosis.?????

Medial collateral ligament injury.1Injury of medial meniscus.Lateral collateral ligament injury.Anterior cruciform ligament injury.Chronical synovitis of knee joint.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of simple transverse lower one third diaphysis shin bone fracture without bone fragments displacement.What is the appropriative treatment method?

Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.

Extensive method.1Fixation method.Operative method.Functional method.

#A patient was hospitalized to traumatological center on account of open transverse middle one third both bones shin fracture with bone fragments displacement. The wound has size - 7x3 cm. The wound is bruised and un¬tidy by foreign bodies.What is the appropriate treatment method (apart from the primary sur¬gical treatment of wound)?

Extensive method.1Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatusOperative method (metallicosteosynthesis).Fixation method.Functional method.

#A patient was hospitalized on account of simple oblique middle one third diaphysis both shin bones fracture with bone fragments displaced length to 3 cm. On examination: there is the "navel-shaped" skin retraction at the frac¬ture place at front shin surface. The crepitation is absent.What is the appropriate treatment method?1Operative method (rnetallicosteosynthesis).Extensive method.Functional method.Transosteal osteosynthesis by external fixation apparatus.Fixation method.

#A patient was taken to hospital from the place of car crash because of shin trauma. The first medical care was not provided.

On examination: there is an open lower one third shin bones fracture. The wound is bruised. There is intense arterial haemorrhage from wound.What is the primary treatment task?

To close the wound by aseptic dressing.To apply transport immobilization.To insert aneasthetics.To insert antibiotics.1To stop haemorrhage.

#A patient complains of pain in ankle joint, which increases at extremity load. There is movements restriction in ankle joint. On examination: there is simple injury of deltoid ligamentWhat is the mechanism of this injury?

Direct.Load on extremity axis.Foot eversion.Load on axis with dorsal flexion of foot.1Foot inversion.

#A patient was hospitalized to traumatoiogical center on account of sim¬ple medial malleolus fracture with displacement (hanging-down of malleolus to 3 mm).What must be the reponation position of the foot in plaster bandage?

Dorsal flexion.At the angle 90°.1Inversion..Plantar flexion.Eversion.

#A patient complains on pain in ankle joint and impossibility of extremity load.On examination: there is fracture of lover end of tibia anterior articular surface.What is the mechanism of this injury?

Inversion.Load on axis with plantar flexion of foot.Direct.Eversion.1Load on axis with dorsal flexion of foot.

#A patient complains of pain in ankle joint. The pain increases at attempt of movement in ankle joint and at extremity load.On examination: there is simple medial malleolus fracture without dis¬placement.What is the right position of foot in plaster bandage?

Eversion.Plantar flexion.1At the angle 90°.

Inversion.Dorsal flexion.

#A patient has simple anterior articular surface shin bone fracture with displacement (Lauenshteyn's fracture)What is the reponation position of foot must be in plaster bandage?

At the angle 90°.Plantar flexion.

Inversion.Eversion.1Dorsal flexion.

#On examination of the patient, there is posterior articular surface shin bone fracture with displacement (Potta-Desto's fracture)What is the reponation position of foot must be in plaster bandage?

Inversion.1Dorsal flexion.At the angle 90°.Eversion.Plantar flexion.

#The parents of a 2.5 months old child addressed to an orthopaedist. From the child's mother words, the child has restricted abduction of left leg.On examination: there are skewness of folds on the thighs and different amount of folds. There are moderate external rotation of left leg and moder¬ate restriction of left leg abduction. The left leg is flexed in hip and knee joints at the angle of 90° compare to opposite leg.Which pathology characterize these symptoms?

Congenital thigh dislocation.1Dysplasia of hip joint.Thigh subluxation.Infantile cerebral paralysis.Contracture of hip joint.

#At examination of newborn baby: there is externa! rotation of right leg and its contraction to 2 cm. There are skewness of folds on the thighs and

dif¬ferent amount of folds. On gradual opening of legs, there was a click in right hip joint (Marks-Ortolani's symptom).Which pathology characterize these symptoms?

Injury of hip joint at the time of delivery.1Dysplasia of hip joint.Thigh subluxation.Congenital extremity shortening.Congenital thigh dislocation.

¹The parents of a 3.5 months old child addressed to anorthopaedist. From the child's mother words, the child has restricted movements in left hip joint.On examination: there is externa! rotation of extremity and irregularity of skin folds on the thighs. There is significant restriction of left !eg abduc¬tion in hip joint. On radiograms: the acetabular index is equal to 45 degree. There is thigh bone displacement upwards by 1 cm. The ossification core of thigh bone in the left is significantly lower then in opposed side. The ossifica-tion core is decentered relative to acetabulum but does not leaves its region.Establish the diagnosis.????

Congenital thigh dislocation.Dysplasia of hip jointContracture of hip joint.1Thigh subluxation.Injury of hip joint at the act of delivery.

#On examination of a 4 months old child with suspected congenital pa¬thology of left hip joint, a survey radiography of pelvis was performed. On radiograms: the acetabular index is equal to 45 degree. There is lateral

posi¬tion of thigh bone and its displacement to upwards. There is disorder of Shen-ton's line. The ossification core of thigh bone is absent.Establish the diagnosis.?????????????

Dysplasia of hip joint.Aseptic necrosis of femoral head.1Congenital thigh dislocation.Thigh subluxation.Injury of hip joint at the time of delivery.

#A newborn congenital clubfoot of both feet was diagnosed in a newborn baby after 7 days. All components of deformation are completely removed by easy redressment.What is the appropriate treatment method in this period?

Stage-by-stage plaster bandage.Physiotherapeutic method.Operative method.1 Redressment in combination with bandaging by Fink-Ettingen. Massage in combination with redressment.

# A newborn baby was examined by an orthopaedist because of foot de¬formation.On examination: the foot is in eversion position (ecvinus). The foot is rotated inwards (supination). Its front part is adducted (adduction).All components of deformation are completely removed by easy redress-ment.What pathology does the newborn baby has?

Arthrogryposis.Injury of foot at the act of deliver}'.1

Congenital clubfoot.Spastic (cerebral) paralysis.Flaccid (spinal) paralysis.

#A 3 years old child was hospitalized to orthopaedic center on account of both feet congenital clubfoot, which was diagnosed at an age of 2 weeks.The previous treatment was: the redressment in combination with ban¬daging by Fink-Ettingen, stage-by-stage plaster bandage, correction splints,orthopedic shoes. The feet deformation was liquidated but it recurred and

iprogressed at the of 2.5 years.On examination: the both feet are deformed (ecvinus, supination, adduc¬tion). The hand correction allows partly remove components of deformation.Select the treatment strategy.?????

Stage-by-stage plaster bandage.Physiotherapeutic method.1Operative intervention on soft tissue.Orthopedic shoes.Operative intervention on osseous tissue.

#The mother of a 2 months old child addressed to anorthopaedist. From the child's mother words, she noted the deviation of child's head to the left a week before. It is known from anamnesis, that the delivery was performed by handle aid.On examination: there is moderate head deviation to the left and face ro¬tation to opposed side. The left sternocleidomastoid muscle is dense and contracted. Dense nodules are palpated near the place of muscle attechment to collar bone.Establish the diagnosis???

Dysplasia of cervicle part of spinal column.Spastic paralysis.1Myogenic torticollis.Flaccid (spinal) paralysis.Subsequences of clavicular fracture during delivery.

#The mother of a 3 years old child addressed to orthopedist. Myogenic torticollis was diagnosed in the child at the age of 10 months. The conserva¬tive treatment (massage of sternocleidomastoid muscle, gymnastic correction, neck fixation by Shan's collar, physiotherapeutic procedures) was ineffective during 2 years.On examination: there are significant head deviation to the right and face rotation to oppose side. There are face skewness and spinal curvature. The right suprabrachium and scapula are lifted up. The sternocleidomastoid mus¬cle is dense and contracted. The elimination of head deviation by handle aid is impossible.What is the future treatment?1Operative.Fixation of head and neck by plaster jacketGymnastic correction.Intramuscular lidase infusion.Physiotherapy.

#At the prophylactic examination of a 13 years old child are marked de¬formation inlying edge of the left shoulder-blade from the pectoral wall.Whot kind of illness is for this clinical sign?

The ribs sinostozisScoliotic disease.Shprengel diseaseAdditional ribs.

1Winglike shoulder-blade.

# A child of age 1.5 years old diagnosed innate muscular torticolles. What etiologic factor is main in this disease?

High pozition of shoulder-blade .Winglike shoulder-blade.1Changed m.Stemoclaidomastoideus.Paralysis of muscles of neck.Anomaly of neck spine.

# A patient of 16 years, complains a marked pain in the left hip joint for a year, which arises after the protracted walking and going for sports. On sur¬vey scan of pelvis there is no changes in the right hip joint. On the left ~ acetabular index 40 degrees, neck-shaft angle is 140 degrees.To put a diagnosis.????

Innate dislocation of thigh.Innate subluxation of thigh.1The hip joint displasia.Deforming arthrosis of hip joint.Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.

#A girl on 13 years old, treated by orthopaedists from the 9 years con¬cerning the scoliosis. Scoliosis of toracic spine is marked on the control ro¬entgenogram, the angle of rejection of axis of spine makes 20 degrees ac¬cording to Cobb.What must be further medical treatment?1Fixing a spine by the C1TO corset with the courses of physiofunc-

tional medical treatment.Sanatorium - resort medical treatment.Gipseous small bed, medical gymnastics.Efficient medical treatment.Physiofunctional medical treatment.

#A parents of 7 years old child appealed to an orthopaedist with com¬plaints about violation to carry, assymetrical location of right shoulder-blade.On examination: assymetrical thorax, an axis of spine is declined to the left side. Roentgenological axemination - the right shoulder-blade is dimin¬ished in size, and at a level of 4 cm higher then left,To put a diagnosis.?????

Scoliosis.Paralysis of thoracal muscles.Winglike shoulder-blade..1Shprengel disease.Shoyerman - Mau disease.

# A 43 years old patient grumbles about low back pain, which arises after the physical loading. The last month the irradiating pains appeared on the right leg around of the I -st toe of the foot.On examination: is diminished lordozis of lumbar spine, moderate atro¬phy of muscles of right leg, dysestesia of the I -st toe of the foot, positive symptoms of pull.On the roentgenogram of lumbal- spine - nan-owing a space between the bodies of vertebrae at level LIV - L V.To put a diagnosis.???????

Tumour of spine.Stenosis of vertebral canal

1Hernia of the vertebral disk L JVHernia of the vertebral disk L V -Lumbago.

#A 39 years oid patient grumble about low back pain. On examination: lumbar hyperlordosis, weakness and paresthesia lower extremities. On the roentgenogram of lumbar spine -the 1/3 of vertebrae I, IV body dislocation (spondilolistesis).To choose a method of medical treatment,?????????Steroid arrtiinflammetory medical treatment.1Physiofunctional medical treatment.Fixing by corset.Traction.

#A 50 years old patient grumble about pain in knee-joint, which arises up after the protracted loading. On examination: idiopatic deforming arthrosis of right knee-joint..What medical treatment expediently to appoint to the patient?1Non-steroid antiinflammatory drags.Vitamins of group B.Steroid antiinflammetory drugs.Sanatorium - resort medical treatment.Physical therapy.

#A 45 years old patient grumble about pain in knee-joint, which increases even by insignificant loading, and limitation of motions in joint.On examination: deforming III degree arthrosis of leftt knee-joint on the ground of varus deformation of extremity (genu varum).What medical treatment expediently to appoint by patient?

Non-steroid antiinflamrnetory drugs.

Steroid antiinflammetory drags.1Efficient medical treatment (correcting osteotomiya).Sanatorium - resort medical treatment.The physicaltherapy medical treatment, hondroprotections.

#A 52 years old patient grumbles about pain in the ankle joint, which in¬creases after the protracted loading. There was a fracture of lover end of tibia 10 years ago.On examination: posttraumatic I degree deforming arthrosis of the left ankle joint on the ground of flat-valgus deformation of foot.What medical treatment expediently to appoint to the patient above allthings?

Non-steroid antiinflammetory drugs.Sanatorium - resort medical treatment.Physical therapy.1Orthopaedic inset-supinator in shoe.Steroid antiinflammetory drags.

#A 47 years old patient grumbles about pain in the ankle joint, which in¬creases even in case of the insignificant loading, and limitation of motions in joint.On examination: III degree deforming arthrosis of the ankle joint.What medical treatment expediently to apply?

Physical therapy medical treatment.Non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs, hondroprotectori.Sanatorium - resort medical treatment.Steroid injection.1Arthrodesis.

#A 35 years old patient grumbles about pain in upper third of shoulder, which increases at night.On examination: moderate edema in upper third of shoulder, moderate hypertermiya of skins above edema, peinful palpation and limitation of mo¬tions in the humeral joint.On the roentgenogram - areas of destruction of humeral bone with the phenomena of needle-shaped periostitis (spiculi) and change of periosteum as a «peak».To put a preliminary diagnosis.?????

Osteoma.Osteomyelitis.1Osteosarcoma.D.Chondroma.Chondroblastoma.

#At a prophylactic examination of a 14 years old girl was found tubular new formation in lower third of thigh. Anamnesis: the new formation appeared the 3 years ago and was slowly increasing. Pain is absent, the common state of girlie is satisfactory, a function of the extremity is not dis¬turb.Dense, immobile and painless new formation on bone with the un¬changed soft tissues determined at palpation.To put a preliminary diagnosis.

Osteogenous sarcoma.Chondroma.Osteomyelitis.1Osteoma.Osteoid-osteoma.

#A 32 years old patient complains of the tumour in lower third of the left thigh, pain, loss of weight, impossibility to walk without crutches.On the roentgenograms of lower third of thigh: destruction of methadiaf-izal part of thigh, a bone structure is not determined, periostal spiculi. On the roentgenograms of thorax - numerous metastases in lungs.Diagnosis: osteosarcoma.To choose medical tactic.?????

Radiotherapy.Chemotherapy.Amputation of extremity.Segmental resection.1Symptomatic medical treatment.