Organic Molecules (Macromolecules ) Building Blocks of Life.
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Transcript of Organic Molecules (Macromolecules ) Building Blocks of Life.
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Organic Molecules (Macromolecules)
Building Blocks of Life
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Organic Molecules
Molecules that have carbon atoms
C6
Carbon12.011
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Carbon is a component of all organic molecules
Can share 4 outermost electrons
6 P6 N
e-
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Carbon Compounds
Can have many carbon atoms Can from single, double, and triple
bonds with other carbon atoms
C
CC
CC
C
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4 Principle Types of Organic Compounds
CarbohydratesFatsProteinsNucleic Acids
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Carbohydrates
Made of C, H, and O Building block: simple sugars
(monosaccharides-single sugar)
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Disaccarhides Two monosaccharides linked together
by a condensation reaction
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Polysaccharides•Largest carbohydrate molecule•Composed of many monosaccharide units•Common examples: Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose
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Lipids (Fats & Oils)
:
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Lipids
Made of C, H, and O(but less O than a carb)
Building block: 1 glycerol backbone + 3 fatty acids
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LipidsSaturated: has single
covalent bonds between
each carbon
Unsaturated: has double covalent
bonds between carbons
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Proteins
Made of C, H, O, S, N Building block: amino acids
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Nucleic Acids
Made of C, H, O, N, P Building block: nucleotides
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5 types of nitrogen bases
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Nucleic Acids
DNA-2 chains RNA-1 chain Stores genetic info—unique order of
nucleotides for each living organism Nucleotide order determines amino
acid order