Organelles in Cytoplasm: Ribosome• Ribosomes

– Small particles of _________ & ___________

– Make __________ following coded instructions from __________

Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Internal membrane that assembles parts of cell membrane & modifies some proteins

• Rough ER- ___________ ______________– _______________ on surface

make proteins– Proteins enter & get modified

• Smooth ER –

– No ________________ = smooth

Golgi Apparatus

• Function-–

• Like a factory.

• Proteins came from Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

– Enzymes attach _________________ & ____________

Vacuoles &Lysosomes

• Vacuoles

– saclike structures used for ___________

– plant cells have large central vacuole

•

– Vesicles-

• Lysosomes

– Small organelles filled with ________________

– breaks things down, "suicide sac”

Mitochondria•

• in nearly all __________________ cells– Plants & animals

• Turns food into ____________ _________ (ATP)

• Structure–

– Inner membrane ___________

Chloroplast

• In plants & other organisms– Not animals & fungi

• Function: photosynthesis• Structure

– Bound by 2 envelope membranes

– Stacks of photosynthetic membranes

• chlorophyll

Organelle DNA• Mitochondria & Chloroplasts contain some of

their own DNA– Essential for normal function

• Theory- descendents of ancient prokaryotes– Formed relationship with eukaryotic cells– Mitochondrial DNA remnant of prokaryotic

bacteria

• All or nearly all, Mitochondrial DNA inherited from ovum (egg)– used for DNA tests

Comparing Cells

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

Plant cell Animal cell

Comparing Cells

Plant Cell

Animal Cell

7-3 Movement Through the Membrane

Cell Membrane• Cell membrane-

__________ what _________ & _______ cell = Boundary!!– Takes in ______ &

________

– Eliminates waste from cell

Cell Membrane (cont)• Lipid bilayer-

– Gives cell tough, flexible structure

• Lipids= ________________– Hydrophobic tails=

– Hydrophillic heads=

Cell membrane (cont)• Formation of lipid

bilayer- phospholipids dissolve in water– hydrophilic “water

loving” heads face _________ (outside cell) and ____________ (within cell)

– Hydrophobic “water hating” tails face ___________________*** This creates the “bilayer “

Phospholids & Lipid Bilayer

http://telstar.ote.cmu.edu/Hughes/tutorial/cellmembranes/orient2.swf

Insideof cell(cytoplasm)

Outsideof cell

Cellmembrane

Proteins

Proteinchannel Lipid bilayer

Carbohydratechains

Cell Membrane

Fluid Mosaic Model•