Optical engine research –

Tuomo Hulkkonen (M.Sc.), Doctoral student.

Department of Energy Technology, Aalto University

Internal Combustion

Engine Research Group

The Optical Engine at Aalto University

• Based on domestic Agco Sisu Power 84

diesel engine

• Single cylinder

• Max speed: 1500 RPM

• Electro-hydraulic valve actuators (EHVA)

• Fully adjustable valve timings and lifts

• External charge air compressor and heater

• Common rail injection

• Optical access through piston top and

cylinder liner Parameter Value Unit

Number of cylinders 1 (6)

Cylinder diameter 111 mm

Stroke 145 mm

Compression ratio 17:1

No. of valves 4

Maximum speed 1500 RPM

Maximum injection pressure 1600 bar

Motored peak pressure 85 bar

Injector holes 8

Nozzle hole diameter 133 µm

Spray cone angle 152°

Internal Combustion

Engine Research Group

Key components: Piston

Piston top (quartz)

Original piston

Piston extension

(titanium)

Internal Combustion

Engine Research Group

The Optical Access

Mirror

Piston

Piston

window

Cylinder

windows

Window ring

Camera

Fuel injector

Combustion diagnostics

Spray visualization

Post processing.

2.5 CA° ASOI 3.0 CA° ASOI 3.5 CA° ASOI

4.5 CA° ASOI 5.0 CA° ASOI 5.5 CA° ASOI

Internal Combustion

Engine Research Group

Liquid spray diagnostics

The area of spray

The spray angle The spray width

The spray tip

penetration A

OH chemiluminescence

• Chemiluminescence is natural emission of photons

during chemical reactions.

• OH molecule is important intermediate species in

combustion, present in high temperature zones.

• OH radicals are formed during oxidation

(combustion).

• OH radicals emit ultraviolet light around 310 nm and

it is detected with measurement devices.

• OH chemiluminescence is used to determine spatial

and temporal ignition.

6.2 CA° ASOI 6.4 CA° ASOI 6.6 CA° ASOI

6.8 CA° ASOI 7.0 CA° ASOI 7.2 CA° ASOI

7.4 CA° ASOI 7.6 CA° ASOI 7.8 CA° ASOI

8.1 CA° ASOI

OH Chemiluminescence diagnostics

8.1 CA° ASOI

OH Chemiluminescence diagnostics

ll

Lift-off lenght Area

A

Liquid spray, diffusion flame and

chemical OH-reactions at the same

crank angle 7,0 CAD ASOI

Internal Combustion

Engine Research Group

Conclusions

• Liquid spray diagnostics and combustion diagnostics

with OH chemiluminescence method are effective

tools to analyze and develop internal engine

combustion processes.

• All important engine parameters are variable with

optical engine of Aalto university.

• The engine will have crucial role while developing

new cleaner combustion processes for future

demands.

Internal Combustion

Engine Research Group

Thank you!

Questions? Comments?

Tuomo Hulkkonen, DI

Puhelin: +358 50 4085530

Aalto-yliopiston Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu

Energiatekniikan laitos

PL 14300, 00076 AALTO

Puumiehenkuja 5 A, 02150 Espoo

http://ene.aalto.fi/

Tuomo Hulkkonen, M.Sc.(Tech)

Phone: +358 50 4085530

Aalto University School of Engineering

Department of Energy Technology

P.O.BOX 14300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland

Puumiehenkuja 5 A, 02150 Espoo

http://ene.aalto.fi/en