Opportunities in novel nano-additives to enhance the ... · Title: Opportunities in novel...
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Copyright © TWI Ltd 2019 1 Opportunities in novel nano-additives to enhance the durability of functional surfaces for Glass Prof Géraldine G. Durand
Transcript of Opportunities in novel nano-additives to enhance the ... · Title: Opportunities in novel...
Copyright © TWI Ltd 2019
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Opportunities in novel nano-additives to
enhance the durability of functional surfaces for
Glass
Prof Géraldine G. Durand
Copyright © TWI Ltd 2019
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Research & Technology Organisation – Headquarters in Cambridge
Established in 1946
Industrial Membership based
Effectively owned by its Members and run by representatives from Member Companies
TWI – Serving Industry for Over 70 Years
620 Industrial Members
4500 locations in 80 countries
Non-profit distributing
No share holders
All income re-invested in the business for benefit of Members
Five UK locations and 11 international subsidiaries
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To provide our Industrial Members with authoritative and impartial expert advice, knowhow and safety assurance through engineering, materials and joining technologies
TWI Mission
£76M of Materials Joining R&D, Consultancy & Training delivered in 2018
Over 950 staff inc. 550 engineers
Scope of Activities
Welding & Joining
Structural Integrity
Materials & Corrosion
Surfacing
Non-Destructive Testing
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Our Approach Identification
Characterisation
Validation
Finalisation
Development
Specifications
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NanocompositesSuper conductive Liquid
Anti Icing coatings
Food processing catalysts
Ferro Fluids
Paint on solar cell
Wound dressing
Nano-Inks
Gas Sensors
High sensitive sensors
Transparent conductive
polymer coatings
Industrial Catalyst
Sealants
Reinforced Plastics
Polymer glass
Gas barrier coatings
wear resistant coatings
Self cleaning building surface
Antifouling Coatings
UV blocking Coatings
Antimicrobial coatings
Wear resistant coatings
Anti abrasion coatings
Anti reflective coatings
Waste water treatment
Pollution monitoring
sensors
oil-water separation membrane
Fuel cell
Fuel additives catalysts
Lithium battery electrodes
Technical textiles
Fire retardant polymer
Flame retardant composites
BiomarkersBone growth
Dental ceramics
Sunscreens
Antioxidants
Fungicides
Food packaging
Antimicrobial inks
Functional nanocoimpostes
Co2 capture membrane
Water management
Super repellent
Coatings
Personal Care products
Barrier coatings for electronics
Environmental catalystChemical sensors
NANOMATERIALS
AEROSPACE
TEXTILES
BIOMEDICAL
HEALTHCARE
CONSTRUCTION
FOOD AGRICULTURE
ELECTRONICS
ENVIRONMENT
RENEWABLE ENERGY
TRANSPORT
Surfactants
Protective coatings
EV catalyst
Pollutant scavengers
Self cleaning coatings
Antistain
surface
Natural/synthetic polymer hybrid
fibers
Application of Nanomaterials
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Sectors of Interest & Common Requests for Glass
Protective coatings
Anti-fingerprint coating
Anti-scratch coating
Anti microbial coating
Water repellent coating
Barrier sealant
Antireflective coatings
Easy clean coating
Soiling resistant coatings
Transparent conductive coatings
Water management
Polymer glass hybrids
Fire retardant composites
Functional sealants
Lightweight composites
Optical coatings
Thermal management coatings
Lightweight composites
Barrier sealant
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Device Cover Glass
Moh’s Hardness Test
• Boro/aluminosilicate glass with ion exchange (Na+⟷K+)• Commercial examples: Gorilla Glass – CORNING and Dragontail - AGC
Tension layer
Toughened Glass
Compression layer
Compression layer
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Coatings for chemically toughened glass
Need: Display glass with improved hardness and flexural strength
Potential alternative: Sapphire Cost
Alternative: Sol-gel technology to achieve a coatings which: Removes any processing flaws Change the composition to make it harder (increase xlink) Can be processed at temperatures below the strain point (solid)
• Next step : incorporation of Alumina (Al2O3), removal of organic via heat treatment and densification via management of the residual stress (high T process)
60.65%Silica content for TWI precursor
40%Silica content for
commercially available
precursor
High silica content (above 60% Silica content ) precursor in liquid form has been achieved
Assink and Kay
Pure quartz
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Combine Hardness & functionality
- Easy clean- Anti-fingerprint- Anti-fog- Anti insect
Clear need for durable multi-functionality
GlassKeep it pristine!!
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Surface functionality – Chemistry & Roughness
CAH = A – R
Recreate the natural super-repellency of the Lotus leafs via the use of functional repellent nano-additives
Chemistry Chemistry + Roughness
120◦
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One of our main technology: custom made additives
Crosslinking with resin matrixInorganic (SiO2) core to
bring mechanical and thermal properties
New functionalities to add repellency
(hydrophobic/oleophobicproperties)
Functionalised nanoparticles to bring multi functional surface
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Nanomaterials by Design
Functional Group
Solvent
Polymer
Multi functionality
Particle Size
Surface coverage
Concentration
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No colour centre (no electronic transition) Critical for transparency
Refractive index similar to glass reduction of scattering if incorporated in a siloxane based matrix
Stay amorphous (not the case of TiO2) no scattering
Advantages of Silica
+ + POSITIVE + + - - NEGATIVE - -
Fumed Silica • Can be functionalised• Commercially available• Dense particles
• Aggregation• Dense particles• Size limitation (circa 10nm)• Limited capability of incorporation (gelation above
20%wt)
Colloidal Silica • Commercially available• Discrete particle• Dense particle
• In water • High pH• Dense particle• Size limitation (Circa 10nm)
Stober Silica • Porous• Maintain primary particle• Various Solvent• Various size (30nm to 300nm)• Can be functionalised
• Porous• Limited commercial availability
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Aggregation control
Compatibility Nano additive / solvent
Nano additive / Resin
High incorporation level without gelation
High level incorporation into resin -Viscosity
Up to 50%wt of nanoparticles incorporated into resin with no or little change of viscosity
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Main challenges Define durability?
Identify the right parameter?
Durability of the functionality under specific environment
• Erosion• Salt• Biofouling• Abrasion• Chemical• Heat• UV • Abrasion
Commercially available coatings
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Constant reservoir of functional materials through the thickness of the materials
Bare Acrylate Acrylate + Vitonano®WCA ~ N/A WCA ~ 90°
From Hydrophilicity to super hydrophobicity
Durable Hydrophobic Coatings
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Durable Easy Elean Anti-Reflective Coating
To provide a highly transparent,durable, cost-effective andpermanent self-cleaning coatingfor solar panels.
- Durable to sand erosion and environmental exposure
- Average of 3.61% in generation increase- AR properties- Need less water to clean when dried
