Opportunities for Sorghum use in the Poultry Industry Raleigh, 17 April, 2013.
Opportunities for Sorghum use in the Poultry Industry Raleigh, 17 April, 2013
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Transcript of Opportunities for Sorghum use in the Poultry Industry Raleigh, 17 April, 2013
Opportunities for Sorghum use in the Poultry IndustryRaleigh, 17 April, 2013
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Germplasm / Breeding
Seed Production
Conditioning / Processing
Sales and Distribution
Harvest & Delivery
Chromatin Overview – Focused on Sorghum
• 20+ million pounds of seed inventory produced and distributed annually• Seed delivered to approximately 4 million acres each year• Developing sorghum for traditional and renewable markets
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Crop Water Use
4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0 24.0 28.00
20406080
100120140160180
Milo - 9 bu/inSoybean - 5.2 bu/inCorn - 11 bu/inWheat - 6.5 bu/in
Water Use (in)
Gra
in Y
ield
(bu/
a)
L.R. Stone
Sorghum Drought Mechanisms
Drought Tolerance
50% more stomata per in2 of leaf than cornStomata are smaller
Smaller leaf:root ratio than other crops
Extensive root system
Stay-Green Traits
Perfect flowers*
Drought Avoidance
Heavy wax layer (bloom) on leaves/stems
Slow/hasten maturity under stress
Motor cells at leaf midrib to facilitate leaf curling under stress
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• Where is the yield tipping point?• How do economics affect the tipping point?• World vs U.S. cropping systems
– How are we going to feed the world in the face of declining water supplies?– Chromatin is using this approach to target markets and product development
Tipping Points for Yield and Economics
SorghumCorn
Growing Season Water Supply
No Water Stressed Rainfed
Limited Irrigation
Water Not Limiting
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Multi-year Studies in Kansas & Nebraska
• Yield comparisons, n = 202:– Corn and sorghum hybrid tests at same location, KS, NE– Cropping-system or rotations studies with both crops in same year in same
rotation• Production Costs and Returns:
– 2012 Corn and Sorghum Cost-Return budgets, KSU, UNL– Localized costs and market prices used for each location
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Sorghum and Corn Yields
0 50 100 150 200 250 3000
50
100
150
200
250
300
f(x) = 0.453802846490759 x + 54.0445940631775
Corn Yield, bu/a
Sorg
hum
Yie
ld, b
u/a
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Economic Comparison
0 50 100 150 200 250 300-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Corn Yield, bu/a
Sorg
hum
Adv
anta
ge, $
/a
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Economic Comparison
0 50 100 150 200 250 300-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Corn Yield, bu/a
Sorg
hum
Adv
anta
ge, $
/a
Sorghum/Corn Price Ratio: 100% Corn yields where Economic Tipping point = 132 bu/a
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Economic Comparison
0 50 100 150 200 250 300-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Corn Yield, bu/a
Sorg
hum
Adv
anta
ge, $
/a
Sorghum/Corn Price Ratio: 93% 100%Corn yields where Economic Tipping Point = 110 132 bu/a
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Gains made by corn breeding
0 50 100 150 200 250 300-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Corn Yield, bu/a
Sorg
hum
Adv
anta
ge, $
/a
Price Ratio = 100%, Years: 1991-2001 2002-2011Corn yields (bu/a) where Economic Tipping point = 146 127
Benefit to corn breeding for drought tolerance
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Opportunities for Sorghum
Corn Yield (bu/a)
13NC Coastal Plains
Category Sorghum Corn Cotton
Yield (bu/acre) 120 120 770
Price per bu 5.05 5.35 0.72
Seed 154.32
Total Revenue 606.00 642.00 708.72
Seed 14.66 96.60 77.68
Fertilizer & Lime 122.01 164.51 206.46
Herbicides 33.08 33.08 42.93
Insect, Growth, & Desic. 12.50 0.00 42.20
Machine, Drying, Hauling 84.11 84.11 157.78
Crop Ins. 10.05 10.05 10.05
Labor 18.04 18.04 14.37
Interest @ 5% 6.36 6.36 11.15Total 300.81 412.75 562.63Return over Costs 305.19 229.25 146.09
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NC Corn Yields (NASS and NCSU)
2008 2010 20120
20406080
100120140160180200 Rowan
Avg. Max
Min
Corn
Yie
ld (b
u/a)
2008 2010 20120
50
100
150
200
250 Washington
Avg. Max
Min
Corn
Yie
ld (b
u/a)
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Coastal Plains Sorghum Testing Sites - 2012
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Chromatin Grain Sorghum Hybrid Performance - 2012
Hybrid S.C. D.C. S.C. Early N.C. Va. Tech % of Avg. N
NK 7829 80 125 - - 76 1.08 12
KS 735 66 114 94 74 0.96 15
K 73-J6 77 117 - - - - 1.04 5
NK 6638 101 112 - - 81 1.15 12
SP 6929 79 99 - - 71 0.97 12
NK 7633 74 102 - - - - 0.95 5
NK 5418 65 91 - - - - 0.84 5
KS 585 56 89 - - - - 0.77 5
KS 310 34 59 - - - - 0.49 5Location Mean 77 109 100 73 1.00 - -
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Chromatin Hybrids for Coastal PlainsHybrid
Maturity
Days to Mid
BloomHeight Grain
ColorStandability
Drought
Tolerance
Emergence
Leaf Diseas
e Resist
NK 7829 M-F 71-75 Med-Tall Bronze 2 3 2 Ex
K73-J6 M-F 71-75 Med-Tall Bronze 2 2 2 Ex
NK 6638 M 68-72 Med Bronze 2 3 2 EX
SP 6929 M-F 70-74 Med-Tall Bronze 2 3 2 Ex
NK 5418 M 65-69 Med-Short Bronze 2 3 2 EX
KS 585 M 65-60 Med Bronze 3 3 1 Ex
Full Season Double Crop (include NK 6638)
Keys to Successful Hybrids in this environment• Med to Med-Full maturity to capture long growing season• Excellent leaf disease resistance (MDMV, anthracnose, and Downey Mildew)• Excellent emergence as no-till and strip till are used• One or two hybrids with double crop potential
For detailed hybrid information visit www.chromatininc.com/seed.html
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Sorghum in Poultry Feeding – United Sorghum Checkoff
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Chromatin Hybrid Compositional Data
Hybrid-Location
Crude Fat
Crude Fiber
ADF Protein Starch Ash Digest Energy
Metab Energy
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % DM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mcal/lb - - -
12GS9001-CA 4.14 3.29 6.30 11.80 70.56 1.61 1.81 1.69
12GS9001-TX 4.29 1.96 5.30 10.30 70.93 1.44 1.83 1.72
12GS9002-CA 4.19 3.16 4.50 11.50 71.55 1.27 1.83 1.71
12GS9002-TX 4.09 2.45 6.00 11.60 71.32 1.36 1.81 1.70
12GS9010-SD 4.32 2.68 4.50 10.40 73.00 1.16 1.84 1.73
12GS9010-TX 4.17 1.58 6.10 11.70 72.65 1.24 1.82 1.70
12GS9013-SD 4.63 1.59 6.60 12.70 70.08 1.28 1.82 1.70
12GS9013-TX 4.03 2.76 6.00 11.20 73.01 1.53 1.81 1.70
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Feeding Sorghum Guides (www.sorghumcheckoff.com)