Opportunistic composition of sequentially-connected services in mobile computing environments
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Lero© 2011
Opportunistic composition of sequentially-connected services in mobile computing environments
Christin Groba and Siobhán Clarke – Trinity College Dublin
IEEE International Conference of Web ServicesWashington D.C., 5th July 2011
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22Lero© 2011
Mobile environments are the new frontier for service providers
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33Lero© 2011
Getting to the airport
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44Lero© 2011
Fastest route
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55Lero© 2011
Disruption
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66Lero© 2011
What is the fastest alternative ?
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77Lero© 2011
What is the fastest alternative ?
Walk 3 minBus in 6 min
Walk 5 min
RealityWalk 5 min
Browsing the Web
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88Lero© 2011
How to obtain real-time data?
Utilise mobile device capabilities & participatory sensing
GPS Accel Navi Camera
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99Lero© 2011
Real-time data as decision support
Real-time dataWalk 5 min
Real-time dataWalk 5 min
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1010Lero© 2011
Mobility and resource scarcity make service composition challenging
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1111Lero© 2011
Challenge: Dynamic setting
No central controlHigh failure probability
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1212Lero© 2011
Challenge: Energy scarcity
Wireless communication drains battery
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1313Lero© 2011
Emergence of dynamic ad hoc environments has led to decentralised composition algorithms
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1414Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
Binding
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1515Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
Binding
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1616Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
Binding
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1717Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
Binding
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1818Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
Binding
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1919Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
Binding
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2020Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
Binding
Once all service are bound, execution can start
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2121Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
BindingExecution
Once all service are bound, execution can start
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2222Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
BindingExecution
Once all service are bound, execution can start
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2323Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
BindingExecution
Once all service are bound, execution can start
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2424Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
BindingExecution
Once all service are bound, execution can start
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2525Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
BindingExecution
Once all service are bound, execution can start
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2626Lero© 2011
Decentralised composition
BindingExecution
Once all service are bound, execution can start
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2727Lero© 2011
Many decentralised composition approaches bind providers too early
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2828Lero© 2011
Bound but not used
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2929Lero© 2011
Disconnect Recovery Communication Energy
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3030Lero© 2011
How to reduce failure probability?
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3131Lero© 2011
Reduce the delay between service binding and service execution
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3232Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
Binding
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3333Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
BindingExecution
Execute service while searching for the next provider
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3434Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
BindingExecution
Execute service while searching for the next provider
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3535Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
BindingExecution
Execute service while searching for the next provider
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3636Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
BindingExecution
No unnecessary binding of conditional paths
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3737Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
BindingExecution
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3838Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
Bind available provider
BindingExecution
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3939Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
Provider likely to be still available if execution follows immediately after binding
BindingExecution
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4040Lero© 2011
Opportunistic execution model
BindingExecution
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4141Lero© 2011
System model
Abstract composite request
< composite > := seq(< composite >;< composite >) |< type > | < type >:< provider >
< type > := S1 |…| Sn< provider > := P1 |…| Pm
Directory-less, on demand discovery
Proximity-based selection
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4242Lero© 2011
Evaluation
Simulation Jist/SWANS UlmRandom Waypoint
Controlled Composition lengthNode speed
Metric Success ratioResponse timeCommunication effort
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4343Lero© 2011
Do composites execute to completion?
Opportunistic model 28% more successful
Node speed: 1-13 m/s80
60
40
20
0
Suc
cess
ratio
(%)
4 5 Composition length
6 7
baselineopportunistic
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4444Lero© 2011
Do composites respond to initiator quicker?
Opportunistic model 33% faster
Node speed: 1-13 m/s
8
6
4
2
0
Res
pons
e tim
e (s
)
4 5Composition length
6 7
baselineopportunistic
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4545Lero© 2011
Node speed: 1-13 m/s120
0
4 5Composition length
6 7
baselineopportunistic
100
80
60
40
20
Num
ber o
f sen
t mes
sage
s
Do composites communicate unnecessarily?
Opportunistic model 14% less chatty
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4646Lero© 2011
Current & Future work
Service flowsService requests contain splitting and merging paths
Failure recoveryComposition success cannot be guaranteed and recovery strategies are essential
PrivacyParticipants aware of control and data flow which may include sensitive information
Device heterogeneityResource-poor devices require light-weight integration concept
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4747Lero© 2011
Recap
New frontier Share mobile device capabilities and create new value-added service composites
Challenge How to reduce the failure probability of service composites?
Approach Reduce delay between binding and execution
Results More successful, faster, and less chatty than “first bind all then execute” approach
Current work Service flows and failure recovery
Future work Privacy and device heterogeneity
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Thank you!
Lero© 2011