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Operational Operational Meteorology for Meteorology for Natural Disaster Natural Disaster Prevention and Prevention and

MitigationMitigationAlexander GusevAlexander Gusev

Acting President of the WMO CommissionActing President of the WMO Commission for Basic for Basic SystemsSystems

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Every year, disasters Every year, disasters caused by weather-, caused by weather-,

climate- and water-related climate- and water-related hazards impact hazards impact

communities around the communities around the world, leading to loss of world, leading to loss of

human life, destruction of human life, destruction of social and economic social and economic

infrastructure and infrastructure and degradation of ecosystems.degradation of ecosystems.

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Close to 90 Close to 90 %% of all natural disasters in the last 10 of all natural disasters in the last 10 years has been the result of hazards such as years has been the result of hazards such as

floods, droughts, tropical cyclones, floods, droughts, tropical cyclones, severe storms..severe storms....

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The presentation shows how The presentation shows how the WMO Operational the WMO Operational

meteorological systems, and meteorological systems, and in particular the in particular the World World

Weather WatchWeather Watch (WWW)(WWW),, provide support to Prevention provide support to Prevention

and Mitigation of Natural and Mitigation of Natural Disaster related to Weather, Disaster related to Weather,

Water and Climate. Water and Climate.

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WWW -WWW -what does it mean?what does it mean?

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The World Weather Watch The World Weather Watch consists of observing systems, consists of observing systems, telecommunication facilities, telecommunication facilities,

and data-processing and and data-processing and forecasting centres - owned and forecasting centres - owned and run by WMO Members countries run by WMO Members countries

- to generate and distribute - to generate and distribute meteorological and related meteorological and related geophysical geophysical observations, observations,

forecasts and early warningsforecasts and early warnings

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GOS - Global Global Observing

system

GTS - Global telecommunication

system

GDPFS – Data-Processing and

Forecasting system

World Weather Watch Basic Systems

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DATA COLLECTIO

N

GlobalObserving

System

GOS

DATA ANDPRODUCT

TRANSPORT

GlobalTelecommunication

System

GTS

PRODUCT GENERATIO

N

Global DataProcessing and

Forecasting System

GDFPS

DATA AND PRODUCT USERS

FLOW OF INFORMATION

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Data, forecasts, Data, forecasts, warnings are the warnings are the WWW outputs for WWW outputs for Natural Disaster Natural Disaster Prevention and Prevention and

MitigationMitigation

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Global Observing Global Observing SystemSystem

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SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEMSURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from land stations and ships on 5 January

2005 at 12 UTCTotal number of obs = 2869328693

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UPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMUPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from upper-air stations on 5 January

2005 at 12 UTCTotal number of obs = 569

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UPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMUPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from aircraft on 5 January 2005 at 12 UTC

Total number of obs = 44582

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SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from buoysTotal number of obs.=2880

05 Jan 2005, 12 UTC

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Other observation Other observation platformsplatforms

Doppler radars solar radiation

observations lightning detection

measurements tide-gauge

measurements

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Space segment of GOSSpace segment of GOS

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Global Global Telecommunication Telecommunication

SystemSystem

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The general structure of the The general structure of the Global telecommunication Global telecommunication

System (GTS)System (GTS)

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Vientiane

Ulaanbaatar

Baghdad

Doha

Kuwait

Bahrain

Dhaka

Yangon

Kathmandu

Kabul

Karachi

ColomboMale

Hanoi

Phnom Penh

PyongYang

Ashgabad

Macao

64K

Dushanbe

Almaty

NI

NI

NI

NI

Seoul

NI

NI

19.2-33.6K (V.34)

64K

19.2-33.6K V.34

2.4K

9.6K

64K

128K

9.6K

50

50

50

50

50

64K

100

200

1200

2.4K

64K

100

200

75

75

1200

75

50

100

7575

9.6K

Melbourne

Offenbach

Offenbach

Cairo

Cairo

Algiers

Moscow

Kuala Lumpur

Tashkent

Novosibirsk Khabarovsk

Bangkok

Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>

Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>

Melbourne

Washington

Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>

NI

NI 19.2-33.6K (V.34)

19.2-33.6K (V.34)

19.2-33.6K (V.34)

Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia)Current status as of December 2004

Bishkek

64K

2.4K

Singapore

9.6K

RTH in Region II

NMC in Region II

Centre in other region

MTN circuitRegional circuitInterregional circuitAdditional circuit

Non-IP linkIP link

NI No implementation

19.2-33.6K (V.34)

Tehran

Sanaa

200

Hong Kong

Moscow

NIFrame RelayCIR<32/32K>

Tokyo

Beijing

Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>

New Delhi

IMTN-MDCN CIR<32/768K>

IMTN-MDCNCIR<16/32K>

Manila

IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<48/48K>

Internet

Jeddah

Internet Internet

Internet

Muscat

Emirates

NI

Id V.34

Id V.34

64K

64K

64K

Internet

Washington

Internet

ISDN 128K

19.2-33.6K (V.34) 19.2-33.6K (V.34)Via Moscow

IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<48/48K>

19.2-33.6K (V.34)

Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>Internet

IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<16/16K>

IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<16/16K>

IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<16/8K>

CMA-VSATCMA-VSAT

CMA-VSAT

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Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region V (South-West Pacific)

Implementation of telecommunication systems via satellite and radiobroadcasts

Washington

Tokyo

Papeete

Honiara

Jakarta

Kuala Lumpur

ASMCSingapore

Manila

Brunei

RTH

NMC

Centre in other regions

MTN circuit

Regional circuit

Interregional circuit

Port Moresby

Fax

Fax

XII-2003

Fax

RSMCNadi

Port Vila

Apia

Honolulu

GMS DCPsGOES DCPs ISCS & EMWIN

ISCS

ISCS

Wallis Island

RSMCDarwin

ISCS

Countries with EMWIN receiversAmerican SamoaCook IslandsFijiFrench PolynesiaFS Micronesia FutunaGuamKiribatiMarshall IslandsNauruNew CaledoniaNew ZealandNiue PalauPapua New GuineaSamoaSolomon IslandsTokelauTongaTuvaluHawaiiVanuatuWallis Island

ISCS

ISCS

Exeter

Micronesia

Guam

SADIS

radio broadcast

Wellington

ISCS

ISCS

ISCS

Pago-Pago

ISCS

ISCS

ISCS

ISCS

ISCS

Satellite Systems

ISCS

Noumea

Melbourne

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WWW Data WWW Data ManagementManagement

provides specifications for data and metadata formats, including codes and exchange formats;

provides guidelines for the design of data bases for storage of observational data and products;

monitors WWW operations and quality control of basic data and output products;

develops standards in data representation, and operational procedures;

provides information to Members on the operation of the WWW system and develops methods to correct deficiencies promptly.

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Global Data Global Data Processing and Processing and

Forecasting SystemForecasting System

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World Meteorological Centres (WMCs)

MelbourneMelbourne MoscowMoscow

WashingtonWashington

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Regional Specialized Meteorological Centres (RSMCs)

Centres with geographical specialization: Algiers, Beijing, Brasilia,

Buenos Aires, Cairo, Dakar, Darwin, Exeter, Jeddah, Khabarovsk, Melbourne, Miami, Montreal, Moscow, Nairobi, New Delhi,

Novosibirsk, Offenbach, Pretoria, Rome, Tashkent, Tokyo, Tunis/Casablanca,

Washington, Wellington Centres with activity specialization for

the provision of transport model products for environmental emergency

response: Beijing, Exeter, Melbourne, Montreal, Obninsk, Tokyo, Toulouse

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National Meteorological National Meteorological Centres (NMCs)Centres (NMCs)

The NMCs prepare:The NMCs prepare: Nowcasts and very short-range forecasts;Nowcasts and very short-range forecasts;

Short-, medium-, extended- and long-range forecasts Short-, medium-, extended- and long-range forecasts based on products received from WMCs and based on products received from WMCs and

RSMCentres, or by integrating regional models using RSMCentres, or by integrating regional models using boundary conditions based on these products;boundary conditions based on these products;

Special application-user products, including warnings of Special application-user products, including warnings of severe weather, climate and environmental quality severe weather, climate and environmental quality

monitoring and prediction products;monitoring and prediction products; Specific products and their delivery in support of United Specific products and their delivery in support of United

Nations humanitarian missions;Nations humanitarian missions; Non-real-time climate-related analyses and diagnosisNon-real-time climate-related analyses and diagnosis

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RSMCs for tropical cyclone RSMCs for tropical cyclone forecastingforecasting

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The application of EPS-forecast technique to the calculation of

probabilities for the trajectory of tropical Cyclones

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WWW is advancing global capabilities for land- and space-based observing systems and is

playing a key role in the international initiative for

developing the Global Earth Observation

System of Systems (GEOSS).

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The World Weather Watch (WWW) system is a

crossroad of meteorological sciences and operational

technology, based on international cooperation,

where Information and Communication Technology

has a crucial role.

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Thank You !