Operate aand Maintain Specific Irrigation · PDF fileOperate aand Maintain Specific Irrigation...
Transcript of Operate aand Maintain Specific Irrigation · PDF fileOperate aand Maintain Specific Irrigation...
FFaacciilliittaattoorr GGuuiiddee PPrriimmaarryy AAggrriiccuullttuurree
NQF Level: 2 US No: 116066
Facilitator: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Company: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commodity: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Date: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OOppeerraattee aanndd MMaaiinnttaaiinn SSppeecciiffiicc
IIrrrriiggaattiioonn SSyysstteemmss
The availability of this product is due to the financial support of the National Department of Agriculture and the AgriSETA.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 22
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
BBeeffoorree yyoouu ggeett ssttaarrtteedd…… Dear Facilitator,
This Facilitator Guide (together with the relevant Learner Guide) is aimed at facilitators who will be assisting learners wishing to complete the following unit standard:
This guide contains all necessary facilitation instructions to ensure that learners will attain the expected competencies required by the above-mentioned unit standard. This guide is designed to be used during the presentation of a learning session based on this unit standard. The full unit standard is attached at the end of this guide as well as at the end of the relevant Learner Guide. Learners are advised to read the unit standard at their time. Please discuss the unit standard with the learners to ensure that they understand what is expected from them to achieve the outcomes of the unit standard.
This unit standard is one of the building blocks in the qualifications listed below. Please mark the qualification you are currently facilitating, because that will be determined by the context of application:
Title ID Number NQF Level Credits Mark
National Certificate in Animal Production 48976 2 120
National Certificate in Mixed Farming Systems 48977 2 120
National Certificate in Plant Production 48975 2 120
Please mark the learning program the learners are enrolled in:
Are you enrolled in a: Y N
Learnership?
Skills Program?
Short Course?
Please explain the above concepts to the learner.
There are four guides, namely the Learner Guide, the Learner Workbook, the Assessor Guide and the Facilitator Guide. These guides have been developed to address specific aspects of the learning experience. You therefore need to use these guides complementally to one another.
MMaakkee tthhiiss aann eennjjooyyaabbllee lleeaarrnniinngg eexxppeerriieennccee!!
Title: Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
US No: 116066 NQF Level: 2 Credits: 3
Note to Facilitator: If you are presenting this module as part of a full qualification or learnership, please ensure that you have familiarised yourself with the content of the qualification.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 33
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
CCoonntteexxtt ooff AApppplliiccaattiioonn …… Primary Agriculture is a diverse sector and a wide range of commodities is being produced for both national and international market. Each commodity has its own production requirements and practices. You will be facilitating the learning process within a specific context where a specific agricultural commodity is being produced. The learning material has been written in a generic manner, as it is aimed to be available on national level and should be relevant to be applied within a variety of commodities. It is therefore inclusive of all agricultural commodities and crop in this field. Therefore, the examples that are being used in the materials may not always be applicable to your specific community, commodity, environment or region.
This presents you, the facilitator, with the challenge to contextualise the learning material. It is imperative that you, the Facilitator and Assessor interpret and present activities, case studies and projects related to the material in such a way that learners can easily identify and apply their knowledge within their own context. This will require from you to add examples of crop, which are applicable to the community or farm. Learners must be guided with examples from their own communities, commodities, environment or regions. This should be done by complementing the learning material with:
Examples relevant to the commodity,
Including commodity specific requirements,
Including operating procedures of the farm,
Including agricultural practice specific requirements,
Agricultural markets,
Guiding learners to write these specifics down in the learning guide, etc.
The contextualisation of the learning material is a very important step in preparing for and facilitating the learning experience and enough time and effort should be put into this exercise.
According to the qualifications mentioned on page 2, this module could be contextualised to fit the following groups of commodities:
Plant Production Animal Production
• Organic production, • Hydroponic production, • Perma-culture production, • Agronomy, • Horticulture, • Natural resources harvesting.
• Small stock production, • Large stock production, • Dairy production, • Pig production, • Poultry production, • Game, • Aqua / mari culture, • Commercial insects • Animal fibres harvesting, • Bee keeping.
• Natural resources harvesting, • Organic production, • Perma-culture production, • Eco/Agri Tourism, • Agro Chemicals, • Horse Breeding, • Etc.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 44
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
HHooww ttoo uussee tthhiiss gguuiiddee …… Throughout the guide information is given specifically aimed at you, the facilitator, to assist in the actual presentation of the learning material and/or facilitation of the learning process. Although this guide contains all the information required for attaining competency in this unit standard, references to additional resources, both printed and electronic, are provided for additional reference by the facilitator and further study by the learner.
Please note that the purpose of this information is merely to guide you, the facilitator, and is provided as a suggestion of possibilities. It remains the responsibility of every facilitator to re-assess the learner/s in each learning situation throughout the learning process in order to stay in touch with their specific learning needs. This should be the determining factor in the choice of the learning approach to follow.
Use the different boxes listed below for identification purposes:
Instructions regarding activities, whether group or individual activities will be described in this box.
Facilitators’ Tip …
MMyy NNootteess …… You can use this box for your own notes/comments.
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Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 55
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
WWhhaatt && HHooww wwiillll yyoouu bbee FFaacciilliittaattiinngg?? The Learning Experience .............................................................................. 6
Learning Assumed to be in Place…………………………………………………….. 7
Learning Program Time Frames ................................................................... 8
Tips for level of learning ............................................................................... 9
Facilitator’s Checklist & Training Aids .......................................................... 9
Contextualisation of Content! ....................................................................... 11
Session 1: Perform pre-start-up inspection of an Irrigation system ........ 12
Session 2: Perform start-up and shutdown procedures of an irrigation system ............................................…........
15
Session 3: Irrigate crop according to given guidelines ............................ 18
Session 4: Care and maintain irrigation equipment and tools..........…..... 20
What will I do differently next time? 22
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 66
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
TThhee LLeeaarrnniinngg EExxppeerriieennccee……
When you have achieved this unit standard, you will be able to:
efficiently irrigate a variety of crops, using a specific type of irrigation system. He will also be able to carry out relevant basic operational and maintenance procedures.
Gain specific knowledge and skills in irrigation and will be able to operate in a plant production environment implementing sustainable and economically viable production principles.
Be capacitated to gain access to the mainstream agricultural sector, in plant production, impacting directly on the sustainability of the sub-sector. The improvement in production technology will also have a direct impact on the improvement of agricultural productivity of the sector.
Learners will specifically be able to:
Perform pre-start up inspection applicable to the relevant irrigation system.
Perform start-up and shut down procedures applicable to specific irrigation system.
Irrigate crop according to given guidelines.
Care and maintenance of equipment and tools used during irrigation.
Learners will also gain basic knowledge of:
Occupational Health and Safety Act.
Tools and equipment used during irrigation.
Attributes of all tools and equipment used e.g. pumps, pressure gauge, valves, etc.
Auditory perceptions of non-conformance of e.g. pumps.
Visual perceptions of non-conformance e.g. smoke coming from pumps.
Implications of not reporting defective equipment and tools.
Implications of mist spray, over- and/or under irrigation, over- and/or under pressure of pumps.
Routine irrigation system operational and maintenance procedures.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 77
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
Learning Assumed to be in Place:
It is assumed that a learner attempting this unit standard will show competence against the following unit standards or equivalent:
NQF 1: Operate and maintain irrigation systems.
NQF 2: Utilise and perform minor repairs and maintenance tasks on implements, equipment and infrastructure.
Remember to do a diagnostic assessment of the learner’s prior learning and ensure that they are starting at the correct level.
Facilitators’ Tip … It is important to ensure that the learners who are undertaking this learning program has already completed the correct prior learning modules, to ensure that they are not unfairly disadvantaged by the learning process, and can be supported accordingly.
MMyy NNootteess …… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
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Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 88
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
LLeeaarrnniinngg PPrrooggrraamm TTiimmee FFrraammeess
Total time allocated (hours)
Theoretical learning time allocated (hours)
Practical learning time allocated (hours)
Activities to be
completed
Complete Program
(including summative
assessment)
30 hours 12 hours 15 minutes
17 hours 45 minutes 6
Learner Orientation and “Ice Breaker”
30 minutes 15 minutes
15 minutes
N/A
Purpose, Introduction and
Learner Directions
30 minutes 15 minutes 15 minutes N/A
Introduction to Citrus Production 45 minutes 30 minutes
15 minutes
N/A
Session 1 6 hours 2 hours 30 minutes
2 hours 30 minutes activities
1 hour work in the pump
house section of citrus farm
1 -3
Session 2 8 hours 30 minutes 2 hours
3 hours 30 minutes activities
3 hours work in the irrigation
section of citrus farm
4 -6
Session 3 3 hour 30 minutes 2 hours
1 hour
30 minutes activities
7,
Session 4 5 hours 15 minutes
2 hours 15 minutes
3 hour activities
8
Preparation for Assessment &
revision 5 hours 2 hour
30 minutes
2 hour
30 minutes
N/A
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 99
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
TTiippss ffoorr lleevveell ooff lleeaarrnniinngg
FFaacciilliittaattoorr’’ss CChheecckklliisstt && TTrraaiinniinngg AAiiddss
Learner support strategies:
Learners are supplied with all resources and aids as required by the programme – including: Objects & devices such as equipment, protective clothing, safety gear, etc. Learner Guides and Learner Workbook Visual aids, etc.
Facilitators’ Tip … This checklist has been designed to assist you in delivering the best possible facilitation to the learners. Please use it and supply whatever resources you might have in short supply at your venue of learning.
Remember the following before you get started: Typically, a learning programme leading to the award of a qualification or unit standards at this level should develop learners who demonstrate an ability to:- • Work and learn in a disciplined manner in a well-structured and supervised
environment. • Manage their time effectively. • Develop sound working relationships and an ability to work effectively as part of a
group. • Express an opinion on given information clearly in spoken and written form. • Collect, organise and report information clearly and accurately. • Use their knowledge to select and apply known solutions to well-defined routine
problems. • Use a variety of common tools and instruments; apply literacy and numeracy skills to
a range of different but familiar contexts. • Understand the environment within which he/she operates in a wider context. • Gain knowledge of one or more areas or fields of study, in addition to the
fundamental areas of study.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1100
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
Use this checklist below during your preparation to ensure that you have all the equipment, documents and training aids for a successful session.
Preparation: Yes No
Qualification Knowledge – I have familiarised myself with the content of the applicable qualification
Unit Standard Knowledge – I have familiarised myself with the content of all aspects of the applicable unit standard
Content Knowledge – I have sufficient knowledge of the content to enable me to facilitate with ease
Application knowledge – I understand the programme matrix & have prepared for programme delivery accordingly
Contextualisation – I have included information which is specific to the commodity and practices related to the commodity
Ability to respond to learners background & experience – I have studied the learner demographics, age group, experience & circumstances & prepared for programme delivery accordingly
Enthusiasm & Commitment – I am passionate about my subject & have prepared my programme delivery to create a motivating environment with real commitment to success
Enterprise knowledge – I know & understand the values, ethics, vision & mission of the workplace & have prepared my programme delivery, reporting & administrative tasks accordingly.
Equipment check:
Learner guides x 1 per learner
Assessment guides x 1 per learner
Writing materials & stationary (facilitator & learner)
White board & pens
Flip chart paper
Proxima projector & screen
Laptop & programme disk
Sample Hand-outs and examples of laws and other relevant documents
Safety gear as prescribed by unit standard and applicable legislation
Documentation checklist:
Attendance Register
Course Evaluation
Learner Course Evaluation
Portfolios of evidence
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1111
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
CCoonntteexxttuuaalliissaattiioonn ooff CCoonntteenntt!! Go through this module and indicate what specific information / activities / examples should be included in this module?
Contextualisation
Commodity specific?
Operating procedures of the farm?
Agricultural practices?
Agricultural markets?
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1122
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
SSeessssiioonn 11
PPeerrffoorrmm pprree--ssttaarrtt--uupp iinnssppeeccttiioonn ooff aann iirrrriiggaattiioonn ssyysstteemm
Concept (SO 1) Time frame Activities related to the concept
The ability to identify whether there is sufficient water available is demonstrated.
The ability to check oil levels and grease pumps is demonstrated.
The ability to identify and clean in-line filters and pumps, frog catchers, etc. is demonstrated.
In-line filters, pumps and valves are checked to ensure they are in good working condition.
The ability to identify and report defects in pre-start up inspection is demonstrated.
Pumps are fully primed.
6 hours Activity 1 -3
Learner Guide:
Page 7
After completing this session, the learner should be able to: SO 1: Perform pre-start up inspection applicable to the relevant irrigation system.
Facilitators’ Tip …
Activity 1: It is vital that learners participate and have the opportunity to identify the components of a working pump. Encourage learners to ask questions and share experiences.
Filters: Equipment is more easily demonstrated or understood in
operation. Show examples or arrange for time on farms where the parts can be seen and their working understood.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1133
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
Please allow learners to complete Activity 1, 2 and 3
Type of activity Resources
1. Identify On-site activity – make the necessary arrangements to meet at a specific facility.
Instructions to give to the learners
Learners should be encourage to observe detail and ask questions to clarify misunderstandings.
Type of activity Resources
2. Checklist Pre-start-up checklist for each learner – on site observations.
Instructions to give to the learners
The learner has to think from a worker level, as well as in a supervisory and delegation role, and include all relevant items to check prior to start-up. Emphasise sequence and the importance of including ALL information and that learners should be very specific regarding instructions.
Facilitators’ Tip …
A good start-off point for start-up inspection procedures is to ask learners to share experiences of times when inspections were not performed. Explore the reasons for start-up procedures and the consequences of not performing them.
Cavitation is a difficult word for level 2 learners, although most of
them would have encountered the concept before. Ensure that the learners are confident with what the term means and how ensuring that there is sufficient water available in the water source and priming pumps prevent it from happening.
It is highly recommended that learners are given the opportunity to
see the cleaning operation of the various parts in practice. Take learners through the sequence and the reasons for cleaning the components. Emphasise the need to also follow procedures in terms of checking the various components and the reasons for these checks.
Some level 2 learners may find this strange, due to farms not all
having start-up reporting structures. Ensure that learners understand why it is done and how it protects the employee and the employer.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1144
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
Type of activity Resources
3. Worksheet Worksheet, learner guide, oral instruction, allow learners to ask questions and clarify misunderstandings.
Instructions to give to the learners
Allow time for learners to complete the worksheet individually.
Facilitators’ Tip … The priming of pumps should be a well-known concept to the learners. Encourage learners to share their experiences to learn from each other. Emphasise that all pumps do not operate in the same way and that priming for different pumps vary.
This is an opportunity to check the progress that learners have made. Allow time for the learners to read through the summary and to gauge their own progress. Make sure that each and every learner gets and opportunity to ask questions.
MMyy NNootteess …… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
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Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1155
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
SSeessssiioonn
22PPeerrffoorrmm ssttaarrtt--uupp aanndd sshhuuttddoowwnn pprroocceedduurreess ooff aann iirrrriiggaattiioonn ssyysstteemm
Concept (SO 2) Time frame Activities related to the concept
Pump is started / shut down in stages according to prescribed procedure.
Ability to indicate the correct motor/pump working characteristics is demonstrated.
Pressure control valves opened/closed according to prescribed norms.
Unexpected problems identified and corrective action taken.
In-field valves opened/closed and flow rate set according to schedule.
In-field pressure measured and corrected if required.
Pressure of in-line filters checked and remedial action [cleaning of filter] taken.
8 hours
30 minutes Activity 4-6
Learner Guide:
Page 25
After completing this session, the learner should be able to: SO 2: Perform start-up and shut down procedures applicable to specific irrigation system.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1166
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
Please allow learners to complete Activity 4, 5 and 6
Type of activity Resources
4. Group discussion On-site demonstration.
Instructions to give to the learners
Lead a group discussion and encourage participation. Cover all aspects of start-up and shut-down of pumps. It is recommended to actually show the procedures as it is performed on an actual pump. Allow time after the discussion for learners to complete their worksheet.
Type of activity Resources
5. Locate and identify On-site activity.
Instructions to give to the learners
Locate and identify various types of valves in the irrigation system on your farm. Open and close the valves, and measure and regulate the pressure to the prescribed levels.
Type of activity Resources
6. Worksheet Worksheet
Instructions to give to the learners
After completion of this section and allowing time for learners to ask questions and make comments, allow time for learners to complete the worksheet individually.
Facilitators’ Tip … Spend time explaining the concept of water hammer and ensure that learner understand why it occurs if the delivery valve is open during start-up.
Facilitators’ Tip …
Although it might seem obvious, some learners struggle with how to open and close valves. A good way to teach learners the “open” and “close” directions is to teach them the rhyme: “righty tighty; lefty loosy”.
After completing this section, spend time showing learners how to
regulate infield valve pressure in practice.
This is not a workbook activity, but it is vital that learners complete the activity and identify all valves on the irrigation system on their farms, and complete the tasks. Allow time for learners to report back and share experiences.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1177
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
This is an opportunity to check the progress that learners have made. Allow time for the learners to read through the summary and to gauge their own progress. Make sure that each and every learner gets and opportunity to ask questions.
MMyy NNootteess …… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
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Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1188
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
SSeessssiioonn 33 IIrrrriiggaattee ccrroopp aaccccoorrddiinngg ttoo
ggiivveenn gguuiiddeelliinneess
Concept (SO 3) Time frame Activities related to the concept
Quality checks of relevant irrigation systems are performed and corrective actions are taken according to standard operating procedures.
Irrigation cycle for designated area/block is started and completed on time, as prescribed for the specific crop.
Regular monitoring of operational parameters are carried out.
3 hours
30 minutes Activity 7
Learner Guide:
Page 38
After completing this session, the learner should be able to: SO 3: Irrigate crop according to given guidelines.
Facilitators’ Tip …
Spend extra time on the monitoring of irrigation quality. Some learners might not be exposed to this on the farms where they work.
Not all level 2 learners are familiar with irrigation schedules. Explain
that this is a specialised field and suggest who the persons might be that is responsible for this. Many of these learners will be required to perform the actions of implementing schedules. Emphasise the need to irrigate according to a schedule and the importance of irrigating according to instruction.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 1199
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
Please allow learners to complete Activity 7
Type of activity Resources
7. Worksheet Worksheet, Learner Guide,
Instructions to give to the learners
After completion of this session and allowing time for revision and questions or comments from learners, allow time for learners to complete the worksheet individually. Encourage “own work” and “own interpretation”.
MMyy NNootteess …… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
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This is an opportunity to check the progress that learners have made. Allow time for the learners to read through the summary and to gauge their own progress. Make sure that each and every learner gets and opportunity to ask questions.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 2200
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
SSeessssiioonn 44 CCaarree aanndd mmaaiinnttaaiinn iirrrriiggaattiioonn
eeqquuiippmmeenntt aanndd ttoooollss
Concept (SO 4) Time frame Activities related to the concept
Filters are flushed / cleaned as per operating instructions.
Tools are cleaned, maintained and stored according to standard operating procedures.
Defective tools and/or equipment, problems and unusual events are reported to the supervisor.
5 hours
15 minutes Activity 8
Learner Guide:
Page 43
After completing this session, the learner should be able to: SO 4: Care and maintenance of equipment and tools used during irrigation.
Facilitators’ Tip …
These concepts are best explained in the field with actual equipment. Try to show the procedure to learners using at least two types of filters.
Reporting procedures might differ from farm to farm and different
learners would have been exposed to different reporting structures. Reporting might also be a new concept to some of the learners. Explain the requirements and why it is done.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 2211
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
Please allow learners to complete Activity 8
Type of activity Resources
8. Checklist Pen, worksheet, oral instruction.
Instructions to give to the learners
After completion of this session and allowing for question and comments from learners, have a general overview of the course and then allow time for learners to complete the checklist. Emphasise the necessity for completeness, logical sequence and applying the checklist to each learner’s experience.
MMyy NNootteess …… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
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This is an opportunity to check the progress that learners have made. Allow time for the learners to read through the summary and to gauge their own progress. Make sure that each and every learner gets and opportunity to ask questions.
Operate and maintain specific irrigation systems
Primary Agriculture NQF Level 2 Unit Standard No: 116066 2222
Version: 01 Version Date: July 2006
WWhhaatt wwiillll II ddoo ddiiffffeerreennttllyy nneexxtt ttiimmee?? Take some time to reflect on your own activities as facilitator of this Unit Standard. Then write down five of the most important lessons you have learnt and include a motivation:
What will I do differently next time? Motivate how or why (Give examples, reasons, etc.)
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As facilitator, you have hands on experience in the application of the unit standard. And you might experience difficulties with the unit standard that the developers did not anticipate. Also, the unit standard will be revised at the end of the registration period. Your comments below can be an important contribution in the revision process and should be brought to the attention of either the AgriSETA ETQA manager or the SGB chairperson.
Please take some time to reflect on your experience and list a few of the difficulties you had to address.
Difficulties I had with the Unit Standard Recommended Changes to Address the Difficulty
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