OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education:...

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OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) Cox, G.; ; © 2018, COX, G. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction, provided the original work is properly credited. Cette œuvre est mise à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode), qui permet l’utilisation, la distribution et la reproduction sans restriction, pourvu que le mérite de la création originale soit adéquatement reconnu. IDRC Grant/ Subvention du CRDI: 107311-001-Research into Open Educational Resources for Development

Transcript of OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education:...

Page 1: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN

EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER)

Cox, G.;

;

© 2018, COX, G.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction, provided the original work is properly credited.

Cette œuvre est mise à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons

Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode), qui permet

l’utilisation, la distribution et la reproduction sans restriction, pourvu que le mérite de la

création originale soit adéquatement reconnu.

IDRC Grant/ Subvention du CRDI: 107311-001-Research into Open Educational Resources for

Development

Page 2: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER)

Glenda Cox

University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17 March 2015

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Page 3: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Transition to Library-Training AdvocacySupport

Management

Research

PhD

A little about me: Glenda Cox

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Page 4: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

ROER4D OER Adoption & Impact Studies

GENERAL OBJECTIVE:

IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL POLICY, PRACTICE and RESEARCH in developing countries

by better understanding the use and impact ofOER

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Sub-Projects 3 & 4: Academics’ adoption of OER

Prof Sanjaya Mishra & Dr Ramesh Sharma

& Alka Singh (New Delhi, India)

4 Indian HEIsGlenda Cox

& Henry Trotter(Cape Town, South Africa)

University of Cape Town,University of Fort Hare, UNISA

Page 6: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Openness

http://www.moddou.com/

No cost

Degrees of openness depends on rights of the licence that the creator of content has granted to the user.

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Open Educational Resources (OER)

Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are educational materials which are discoverable online and openly licensedthat can be:

Shared

Shared freely and openly to

be…

Used

Improved

Redistributed

… used byanyone to …

… adapt / repurpose/ improve under some type

of license in order to …

… redistribute and share again.

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The Commons Movement

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The OER Movement Internationally

Page 10: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

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Some members of the Open Education Consortium

http://www.oeconsortium.org/

OER Africa.

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OER Africa

HOME UNDERSTAND OER FIND OER THEMES &PROJECfS ABOUT US NEWS

OER Africa works with African

and other agricultural anchor

partners to build the foundation

ofAgShare OER collaboration

NEW RESOURCES I» LeSSL7nSLearned Abnut

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OER Commons

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OER at UCT

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OER from UCT: OpenContent (all content moved to OpenUCT)

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OER from UCT: Resources by Media type (June 2014)

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Brazil:2000

USA: 24 000

+250 000 visits184 countries

Australia: 2152

Philippines: 2400

India: 7300

Germany: 1802UK: 6800

South Africa+100 000

OER from UCT: OpenContent (June 2014)

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Feedback

this site is pricelessthis is my first visit, and i'mvery impressed.i really appreciate the idea of the site as i'm Syrian ENT fresh graduated doctor, and it's not that easy to get and afford the textbooks that you need.i've already shared your site with colleagues in order to spread the knowledge.thanks again

yours sincerelyHelal Alsaleh

Dear Course Moderator, Thank you so much for considering to provide Initial French Lessons through this medium. I found it very useful for my pursuit towards learning French language. ………………………Hi Ms. Cox,Greetings!I am in India. The usefulness of online media is this, you have students from all over the globe. Thanks for asking.Loveson

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Studying at University: A guide for first year students

Used by Venda University and the University of the Western Cape with new students

Stellenbosch University uses some of the illustrations

The guide has been accessed over 6,500 times via the directory and over 600 physical printed guides have been sold!

Studying at Unlverslly

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Page 20: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

OpenContent becomes a journal article

Materials published as OER on OpenContent selected for

publishing in the Journal of Occupational Therapy of Galicia,

an open access journal for occupational therapists in the Spanish speaking world

http://blogs.uct.ac.za/blog/oer-uct/2010/12/06/sharing-knowledge-leads-to-opportunities

New Stories for 2010

From Cape Town OER to SpanishJournal Article (MatumoRamafikeng)

. Occupation Focused Conceptual Framework Matumo's materials on

the UCT OER directory. Blog post of this story from the onv UCT blag

. "Found in Translation" University of Cape Town News item

Page 21: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Incentives for academics: OER Grants

Faculties and areas 2011-2014

Centre for Higher

Education Development

5

Commerce 6

Engineering 8

Health Science 18

Humanities 15

Science 6

Law 3

Library 1

Vice Chancellor’s office 1

Other (undefined) 1

TOTAL 64

15 grants still being worked on. So far 55 resources have been added.

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Enablers and Barriers to OER

What ENABLERS and BARRIERS to OER can

you think of?

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What are the enablers of OER?

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Philosophy

Enabler Barrier

• Lack of awareness

• Institutions are not always supportive of sharing

• Individual academics need to believe in the value of sharing

The Collective Advanrcment

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Page 26: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Technical

Enabler Barrier

• Not everyone has access

• Digital divide between Global South and North

• Lack of ability and skills

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet1.jpg

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Financial

Enabler Barrier

• Support from external funders like Shuttleworth and Mellon is temporary

• After seed funding institutions must then take over http://www.flickr.com/photos/59937401@N07/5856660723/

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Legal

Enabler Barrier

• Academics are not aware of Creative Commons or how Creative Commons works

• They are not that concerned about their Intellectual property (although they do want attribution) but they are very concerned about infringing the copyright of others

“So actually I think you’re more protected if you make something legitimately an OER and then somebody else uses it.”

@creativecommons

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Pedagogy

Enabler Barrier

• Creation: interactive teaching styles do not always result in online materials

• Use: difficult to find relevant OER

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Quality

Enabler Barrier“.. I think it will make everyone go over it two or three times, ya.”

“If they’re ready for students to see, then they’re as ready as they’re going to get.”

“I think that each individual preparing their materials must be sure that their material is substantively correct, sound or critical.”

“They don’t look good enough to put out there.”

“But I would love to be able to give what I had to somebody and say does it… it’s sort of like is there cohesion, does it make sense”.

Page 31: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Why OER?

What are the potential benefits of OER?

Page 32: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Global challenges of higher education

Increasing demand for education and

insufficient institutions

Increasing cost of higher education and

text booksIncreasing competition

Variable quality in teaching

Asymmetries of power and wealth and

curriculum from the Global North favoured over the Global south

Page 33: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Challenges for South Africa

Crisis in Basic education

Skills shortage/’persistent human Capital gap” (Taylor,

2011)

Higher education: high school graduates of varied ability

Higher education institutions quality variable

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Why OER now for academic departments?

• Increase institutional visibility, advancing competitiveness, attracting students and resources

• Promote effective social responsiveness

• Improve learning experience by selecting materials in pedagogically sound and innovative ways

• Improve recruitment by helping the right students find the right programmes

• Enhance teaching coherence across courses

• Ensure better long-term archiving, curation and reuse of teaching materials

• Attract alumni as life-long learners

Page 35: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Why OER now - individually?

• Profile teaching and pedagogical idea sharing

• Create record of teaching for teaching portfolio

• Foster connections between other colleagues, departments and even other universities (especially cross-disciplinary studies)

• Increase impact of teaching materials

• Extend use of teaching materials to high school learners and life-long learners

Individual

Page 36: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Increasing Visibility

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Page 37: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Conclusion

• Amazing work globally (e.g. Commonwealth of Learning, UNESCO)

• OER repositories, networks and research continues to grow

• Opportunity to use OER’s in MOOCs

• Opportunity to share resources across the world across the Global South, North to South and also South to North

Page 38: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

Creators and Contacts

Prepared by:

Glenda Cox - [email protected]

Some slides were created by Michael Paskevicius [email protected]

OpenUCT repositoryhttps://open.uct.ac.za/

CILT websitehttp://www.cilt.uct.ac.za/

ROER4D website:http://roer4d.org/

Page 39: OPENNESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) · Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) Glenda Cox University of South Africa (UNISA) : 17

License

Openness in Higher Education: Open Educational Resources (OER) by Glenda Cox is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution

4.0 International License.