"Opening GLAM Data Bottom-up" by Maarten Brinkerink
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Transcript of "Opening GLAM Data Bottom-up" by Maarten Brinkerink
OPEN CULTURE DATA: Opening GLAM Data Bottum-Up
Open Cultural Heritage Data in the Nordic Countries
Maarten Brinkerink
Malmö, April 24, 2013
t: @OpenCultuurData | #opencultuurdata
WHAT
Open Cultuur Data (Open Culture Data) is a network of cultural professionals, developers, designers, copyright specialists and open data experts, that opens cultural data and encourages the development of valuable cultural applications. This makes culture accessible in new ways to a broader public.
WHY
Cultural institutions (or GLAMs) have a wealth of information locked up in their vaults. They preserve and store unique collections, they have an enourmous amount of knowledge about these collections (context, metadata), produce information and collect reactions from visitors.
More and more cultural institutions make this information digitally accessible. This creates many new opportunities – for the institutions themselves but also for third parties – to use this information to create new applications and websites, allowing us to participate in arts and culture in new ways. However, this data is often very difficult to access for others.
STIMULATING COLLABORATION AND CREATIVITY“No matter who you are,
most of the smartest people work for someone else.” Joy’s Law
PUBLIC MISSION“For [GLAM] content to be truly accessible, it needs to be where the users
are, embedded in their daily networked lives.” Waibel and Erway, 2009
NEELIE KROES | VICE-president for the EC digital agenda & Open Data
“I urge cultural institutions to open up control of their data [...] there is a wonderful opportunity to show how cultural material can contribute to innovation, how it can become a driver of new developments. Museums, archives and libraries should not miss it.”
HOW
Open Cultuur Data supports the cultural heritage sector in the release of culture data in the following way:•encourage making more open culture data available
•collecting culture data sets in a national catalogue
•collecting and sharing knowledge and experience with open culture data
•encouraging the making of new applications based on open culture data
1. Open Culture Data is knowledge and information of cultural institutions, organisations or initiatives about their collections and/or works
defining open culture data
2. Everyone can consult, use, spread and reuse Open Culture Data (through an open license or by making material available in the Public Domain)
defining open culture data
3. Open Culture Data is available in a digital (standard) format that makes reuse possible
defining open culture data
4. The structure and possible applications of Open Culture Data are documented in a ‘data blog’
defining open culture data
5. The provider of the Open Culture Data is prepared to answer questions about the data from interested parties and respects the efforts that it costs that the open data community invests in developing new applications
defining open culture data
• CC0 for metadata
• PDM, CC-BY of CC-BY-SA for content
• Open standards
• Open documentation & communication
specific conditions
• Ad-hoc start: September 2011
• Contacting heritage professionals to release datasets
• Writing ‘datablogs’
• 1 hackathon, 8 datasets in November 2011
• Starting point: 5 rules for Open Cultuur Data
2011: EMERGENCE OF A NETWORK
HACKATHON | HACK DE OVERHEID | WORKSHOP
Photo: Breyten Ernsting. CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nl/)
HACKATHON | HACK DE OVERHEID | APPS4NL
Photo: Breyten Ernsting. CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nl/)
• 13 apps created, 8 app submitted (46 total)
• Gold: Vistory
• Education: Rijksmonumenten.info
• Encouragement: ConnectedCollection• Categories of submitted apps: Navigating
collections, Games, Data enrichment, Social media and Tablets
RESULTS APPS4NL
APPS: HAY KRANEN, HET VIRTUELE RIJKSMUSEUM
Developer: Ronald Klip, Contente Content.
APPS
Developers: Hans van den Berg en Arjan den Boer | ab-c media
APPS
Developers: Jonathan Carter, Paul Manwaring, Jeroen van der Linde, Martin Elshout, Deniz Tezcan (gezamenlijk: Glimworm IT)
APPS: GOUD VOOR VISTORY
• 2012: support from Images for the Future and Creative Commons Netherlands
• April 2012: master classes
• Juni 2012: start competition / hackathon 1
• Oktober 2012, Rotterdam: hackathon 2
• January 2013: Open Culture Data Awards
2012: MASTER CLASS, GROWTH OF THE NETWORK, COMPETITION
ARCHIVES
Archief Eemland
Gemeentearchief Rotterdam
Groene Hart Archieven
Nationaal Archief
Regionaal Archief Leiden
LIBRARIES
Wageningen UR bibliotheek
SECTOR INSTITUTES
Kunstfactor
FASE 2: MASTER CLASS OPEN DATA | CREATIVE COMMONS
MUSEUMS
Buurtmuseum Leiden Noord
Centraal Museum
Fries Museum / Keramiekmuseum Princessehof
Joods Historisch Museum
Maritiem Digitaal/Visserijmuseum Zoutkamp
Teylers Museum
KNOWLEDGE INSTITUTES
Nationaal Comité 4 en 5 mei
NCB Naturalis
NIOD
Theater Instituut Nederland
17 GLAMs participated
Topics:#1: Introduction to copyright#2: Technology and en tools#3: Reuse and apps#4: Benefits and risks#5: Hackathon / evaluation
DATASETS (35 and counting…)
More information & documentation:
www.opencultuurdata.nl/datasets
THEMES
• Theme WOII (NIOD, Archief Nijmegen, Leiden, 4/5 mei)
• Theme fashion (Amsterdam Museum, Fries Museum, Centraal Museum)
• Theme maps (Groene Hart, Eemland, Nationaal Archief)
• Theme hist. video/ audio (Open Beelden, Geluid van NL)
• Theme press photography (Anefo collectie Nationaal Archief)
• Theme 19th century art (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam Mus.)
COMPETITION
Powered by
THE CHALLENGE
Which apps can bring the best out of culture?
•Apps that expand audience reach and engagement (online, offline, onsite) of arts and culture;•Apps that can reach audiences/ communities in new and innovative ways;•Apps that connect different datasets.
• 27 apps submitted• Gold: Muse App• Silver: Histagram• Bonze: SimMuseum• Nationaal Archief-award: Tijdbalk.nl• Categories of submitted apps: Games, Content
galleries, Creative reuse, Maps and timelines, History and Tourism
RESULTS …
GOUD: MUSE APP: FEMKE VAN DER STER, PETER HENKES, JELLE VAN DER STER
ZILVER: HISTAGRAM: FRONTWISE (RICHARD JONG)
BRONS: SIMMUSEUM: HAY KRANEN
NATIONAAL ARCHIEF-PRIJS: TIJDBALK.NL: ARJAN DEN BOER
Open Images is an open media platform that offers online access to audiovisual archive material to stimulate creative reuse.
Built by Sound and Vision & Knowledgeland but designed for participation by others.
• Open source (MMBase, FFmpeg, LAMP)
• Open media formats (Ogg Theora, WebM)
• Open standards (Dublin Core, CC-REL, HTML 5)
• Open API (OAI-PMH, CC-0)
• Open content (CC-licenses, PD)
OPEN, OPEN, OPEN!
• Creative Commons BY - SA as preferable license
• 3000 items (now over 1800)
• Available in ‘internet quality’
OPEN CONTENT
Some numbers:
Estimated length of entire S&V archive: 750,000h
Estimated length of ‘our’ newsreel collection: 500h
Estimated length of material in Open Images: 110h
So currently 22% of ‘our’ newsreel collection is openly available through Open Images and 0,015% of our entire archive.
10-04-23
•Available content items•~1,600 (2011)•>1,800 (2012)•Visits•>66,000 (2011)•>105,000 (2012)•Unique visitors•~89,000 (2012)•>53,000 (2011)
10-04-23
IMPACT THROUGH OPENIMAGES.EU
•Pageviews•~280,000 (2012)•~207,000 (2011)•Plays•~11,000 (2011)•>16,000 (2012)•Downloads•~2,400 (tracked since July 2012)•API calls•~170,000 (2012)
10-04-23
IMPACT THROUGH OPENIMAGES.EU
•Available content items•~1,600 (2011)•~1,600 (2012)•Number of Wikipedia articles reusing the content items•~1,000, in 59 languages (2011)•~1,600, in 65 languages (2012)•Pageviews of those articles•~19,000,000 (2011)•~40,000,000 (2012)
10-04-23
IMPACT TRHOUGH WIKIMEDIA
SOME (MAJOR) CHALLENGES
– What are proper metrics to analyse the impact of external reuse?
– How to value different ‘types of interaction’ with the open content?
– How does the impact of external reuse relate to the impact of institutionally owned channels?
• Public mission• Data enrichment• Increasing relevance• Increasing channels to end users• Brand value• Specific funding oppurtunities• Discoverability• New customers/ users• Building expertise• Desired spill-over effects/ creating new business
Source: Verwayen, Arnoldus & Kaufman 2011. The Problem of the Yellow Milkmaid. Europeana White Paper no. 2.
BENEFITS OF OPEN CULTURE DATA
BENEFITS OF OPEN CULTURE DATA
ETHAN ZUCKERMAN ON CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
• Have access to expertise on the dimensions of collection
• Buy-in from the senior management is essential => focus on value add
• Necessity to invest in engagement with third parties• Face to face meetups are extremely valuable
(masterclasses f.i.)• Start with something sweet and small• On hackatons:• It doesn’t just happen – lots and lots of effort• Search for sustainability• Not all data is equally popular
Lessons Learned
• GLAMetrics• Improve API search• Executive track• Focussed challenges (education etc.)
• OpenCultuurData.be
FUTURE WORK
SOME RESOURCES
• http://www.opencultuurdata.nl/about
• https://p2pu.org/en/groups/open-glam/
• http://www.openglam.org
• http://avoinglam.fi
• http://mw2013.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/open-culture-data-opening-glam-data-bottom-up/
• Lotte Belice Baltussen• Johan Oomen• Nikki Timmermans• Maarten Zeinstra
Shout-out