Why should think tanks and advocacy groups care about open government data?
Open Data for Economic and Social Development: Why Government Should Care
-
Upload
andrew-stott -
Category
Government & Nonprofit
-
view
443 -
download
4
description
Transcript of Open Data for Economic and Social Development: Why Government Should Care
Open Data for Economic and
Social Development:
Why Government Should Care
Andrew Stott
UK Transparency Board
Senior Consultant,
World Bank
Istanbul
17 Sep 2014
@dirdigeng
Policy Objectives of Open Data
2
New Economic and Social Value
Improved public services
More Transparent Government
More Efficient Government
Clarity about objectives
3
More Efficient Government
More Transparent Government
Improved public services
New Economic and Social Value
Policy Objectives of Open Data
4
New Economic and Social Value
Improved public services
More Transparent Government
More Efficient Government
McKinsey Global Institute
5
European Union
6
Evidence base for EU Open Data Directive
Open Gov Data in EU would
‒ increase business activity by up to €40 Bn/yr
‒ have total benefits up to €140 Bn/yr
Open Data was reused 10x-100x more than
charged-for data
Lowering charges may attract new types of re-
users, in particular SMEs.
Costs appear to increase very little: in fact, they
may eventually decrease
7
All economic analysis and case studies
point the same way
Case Study: Statistics Germany
8
Users: +1800% Downloads: +800%
Omidyar/Lateral Economics
9
What are the Open Data
Businesses
10
Aggregators
11
Developers
12
Enrichers
13
$930m business from Open Data
14
Weather for 1m
points
60 years of crop
yield data
14 TB of soil
data
Company
formed in 2006
Sold to
Monsanto
October 2013 for
$930m cash
Enablers
15
Why is this not conclusive?
16
Economic Benefits? Not our agency’s job!
17
Set new objectives for data owning agencies
18
Set new objectives for data owning agencies
19
Economic Benefits? We want some of it!
Charging economically
sub-optimal
Licensing inhibits
innovation
Hidden Costs –
marketing, payment
collection, enforcement
Barriers to entry suit
existing customers
No real pressure for
efficiency 20
Open Data would cannibalise our income
21
However Open Data can stimulate demand too
22
Data Imperialism?
23
Data Imperialism?
~80% of the benefit goes to a country’s data
end-users – citizens, businesses, visitors,
investors
~½ of the business value chain is intrinsically
local (10% of total benefit)
Therefore only 10% of total benefit is
internationally contestable
Worst case: country get 90% of the potential
benefit from their data
Best case: early-movers get to steal
neighbours’ lunch as well 24
Policy Objectives of Open Data
25
New Economic and Social Value
Improved public services
More Transparent Government
More Efficient Government
Performance of individual hospitals
26
12+ Weeks
MRSA-free
Good C-Diff
record Low
Mortality
2 recent
MRSA
Blood
clots
Patient
ratings
1000 less heart surgery deaths each year
27
Uganda: Open Data and Community Health
Monitoring
28
33% reduction in
under-5 mortality
20% extra utilisation
of out-patient
services
Significant
improvements in:
Immunization
Waiting times
Absenteeism
Police
29
Open Data used to drive Citizen Engagement
30
Local team
Telephone, website, Facebook and YouTube
….
Local police
Twitter feed
How YOU
can get
involved
It’s very local
Accessible data on crime
Attract Inform Engage Action
Why are Ministers taking blame for local
variation?
31
Push-back from professions
32 http://bma.org.uk/news-views-analysis/news/2013/june/consultants-face-online-rating
“We welcome this in principle but ….” (1)
‘Some consultants may take on higher risk
cases that would lead to raised mortality
rates’
‘Some patients could have multiple health
problems’
‘Most consultants work in teams.’
‘Patients’ experiences are obviously highly
subjective’
‘A range of factors can affect the feedback
they provide’
33
“We welcome this in principle but ….” (2)
‘Different ways of working make it harder to
gather meaningful data for patients’
‘It is critical that any information provided is
accurate and in context.’
Whereas there are ways of comparing
performance in some specialties, such as
cardiothoracic surgery, in other areas it is
much harder.
‘It will be misleading and cause unnecessary
anxiety to patients.’
34
Policy Objectives of Open Data
35
New Economic and Social Value
Improved public services
More Transparent Government
More Efficient Government
36
Politicians start to get nervous ….
37
htt
p://w
ww
.to
pte
nz.n
et/
top-1
0-c
rooke
d-a
me
rica
n-p
olit
icia
ns.p
hp
It’s hard to uncover major issues
38
Input
• 285,000 records
• 1.17m rows of
data
• PDF documents
Findings
• $34bn spent in 8
years
• Aid increased
1,965%
• 20 companies
benefited most
Transparency is about what officials do too
39
Civil Service pay and expenses
40
Holding officials to account
41
Pressure to justify and restrain costs
42
Make officials’ responsibilities clearer
43
Where the person
is in the structure
Pay Responsibilities
Contact details
International Corporate Transparency
44
Policy Objectives of Open Data
45
New Economic and Social Value
Improved public services
More Transparent Government
More Efficient Government
Government can be an Open Data user too
46
Greater Manchester estimated £6.5m
savings from finding and using its own
data more easily
EU Inspire Directive on Geospatial Data
47
One Government reported fiscal ROI 8:1
in first 4 years, plus wider benefits
British Columbia Open Data
48
Government
itself is #1
user of its
data
33% of
downloads
come from
within BC
Government
Data Quality
49
Release of data will
reveal issues of data
quality
Surprisingly little
criticism
Celebrate greater
checking of data!
Use as stimulus to
Measure
Prioritise
Improve
Citizens helping improve government data
50
Other Considerations
51
It’s not just about new data
Opening new data is hard.
So includes data previously “published” but
in non-reusable format
with restricted licence
only aimed at specialist groups
only for payment
only in response to requests
difficult to find
52
data.gov.uk contains a lot of data which
nobody knew was already published
Handling the concerns of data owners
“People hug their database, they don't want to
let it go. You have no idea the number of
excuses people come up with to hang onto
their data and not give it to you, even though
you've paid for it as a taxpayer.”
– Tim Berners-Lee
http://www.ted.com/talks/tim_berners_lee_on_the_next_web.html 53
Still everyone thought that they were an
exception
It’s held separately by n different organisations, and we can’t join it up
It will make people angry and scared without helping them
It is technically impossible
We do not own the data
The data is just too large to be published and used
Our website cannot hold files this large
We know the data is wrong
We know the data is wrong, and people will tell us where it is wrong
We know the data is wrong, and we will waste valuable resources
inputting the corrections people send us
People will draw superficial conclusions from the data without
understanding the wider picture
People will construct league tables from it
It will generate more Freedom of Information requests
It will cost too much to put it into a standard format
It will distort the market
Our IT suppliers will charge us a fortune to do an ad hoc extract
54
Handling reasons for exceptions
Most reasons are valid in some contexts
The reasons quoted are not necessarily the
real ones, just plausible-sounding ones
No-one likes to be told that they are wrong
Disproving one reason may just provoke a
different reason
No-one likes to be told that they are wrong
again and again
55
Better to work with the data owner
What are the risks?
How could they be mitigated?
How could remaining risks be managed?
Would it be less risky if
‒ Some records were removed?
‒ Some fields were removed?
Let’s focus on what can be opened
56
Thank You
57
58