Sustainable & Scalable Sanitation

“By many accounts, sanitation is the most-missed target of

the Millennium Development Goals”

-United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon

on World Toilet Day 2015

First, a Few Startling Facts

Globally, India has the largest number of people still defecating in the open:

more than 595 million

Half of the population excretes more than 65,000 tonnes of poo outside every

day

About 65% of people in rural areas do not have access to toilets

River Contamination

Globally, more than 80% of wastewater

resulting from human activities is

discharged into rivers or sea without any

pollution removal

In India, EVERYDAY 200,000 metric tons

of faecal load finds its way into soil and

water bodies, contaminating them with

pathogens

The Ganges river alone is contaminated

with 1.1 million liters of raw sewage daily

One GRAM of faeces

contains:

• 10,000,000 viruses

• 1,000,000 bacteria

• 1,000 parasite cysts

Child faeces contain more

germs than adults

The Sanitation Crisis

On-site sanitation is an age-old concept. Pit latrines are one of the most common human excreta disposal systems in low-income countries. But pit-based sanitation has practical challenges:

Pit latrines situated near water sources or in high water table areas discharge chemical and microbial contaminants to the groundwater, thus negatively affecting human health

Frequent flooding renders pit latrines useless or inoperable, especially in low-lying or coastal areas

Unfavorable soil conditions, such as unstable or rocky soil and high water table make pit-based sanitation difficult and expensive

Contamination of Water Sources

On-site sanitation can be either a dry or a wet system. A common septic

tank is a wet system that poses a risk to ground water supply.

Anaerobic Digestion

Safe Faecal Sludge Management

Anaerobic Digestion

Anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater sludge has been widely

practiced since the early 1900s and is the most widely used sludge

treatment method in the Western world

The residual organic matter is chemically stable, nearly odorless, and

contains significantly reduced levels of pathogens

It is the most efficient process to treat sludge without contaminating

the water table

The anaerobic digestion is carried out by microorganisms that can only

live in an oxygen-free environment. Human waste produces negligible

amount of Methane.

Methane, CO2 and H2O

Anaerobic digestion by

MicroorganismsHuman Waste

The CAYA Solution

A holistic approach adapted to current settings:

An ultra modern, complete sanitation system

Non-polluting

Hygienic

Aesthetic

Encourages toilet use, changes habits

CAYA’s Onsite Sanitation Tank

Design based on sanitation engineering and microbiological know–how

High quality EU butyl bladder

Easy to install into supporting frame made on site; no seepage

Internal baffles act as “bacterial power house” creating biofilm to maximise digestion of waste

Longevity, anaerobic conditions

Made size and site specific (700

litres to 10,000 litres)

Manufactured by experts with 36 years of international experience in butyl tank manufacturing

Effluent directed through simple geotextile filter for reuse or replenish aquifer

Tank ready for transport Internal design of tank

CAYA’s Adaptation to Ensure Low-cost and Safe

Onsite Sanitation

Our CAYA sanitation solution complies to highest standards at low cost:

Absolutely watertight

Highest quality butyl and high standards of design and manufacturing

Easy to transport and install

Contain catalysts

Can be scaled up rapidly to tackle the urgent need

Individual Toilet

The CAYA Superstructures along with accessory structure to hold a water

tank and hand washing area

Community Toilet Blocks

The CAYA Superstructures are built such that they can be installed in a

modular grid to create Community Toilet blocks

Two toilet cluster Eight toilet cluster