ONLINE MULTIMEDIA LEARNING

Connecting information

by: António Maneira

Advanced Digital Media - UT Austin | Portugal02-0

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Online Multimedia Learning

Human-centered multimedia Cognitive Theory of Multimedia

Learning Connecting information

Trinity: “Tank I need a pilot program for a B-212 helicopter.”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dg0E5xwIXho

The Matrix (1999)

What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?

Information-rich• Images• Sound• Animations• Text• Tables

Technologically Sophisticated• Computer • Internet• Latest

softwares

Aesthetically Pleasing• Nice photos• Shinny graphics• Colorful types• Fading

backgrounds

Human-centered multimedia

What is Multimedia? Delivery-Media View Presentation-Modes View Sensory-Modality View

Human-centered multimedia

Two Design Approaches: Technology-Centered Learner-Centered

Human-centered multimedia

Learning outcomes:Rote Learning - Good retention Poor

transferMeaningful Learning - Good retention &

transfer

Human-centered multimedia

Human mind:Long-term memoryWorking memory

Why Multimedia? Dual channels (multiple channels) Limited capacity Active processing

Human-centered multimedia

Dual channels: Visual information Processing Auditory information Processing

Words Pictures

Ears Eyes

Sounds Images

Verbal Model Pictorial Model

Human-centered multimedia

Limited capacity working memory is only able to hold

7 new data; almost all the contents of working

memory are lost within about 20 seconds.

Human-centered multimedia

Active processing1. Selecting relevant words2. images3. Organizing into a verbal model4. pictorial model5. Integrating the verbal and pictorial

representation with each other and with prior knowledge

How pumps work

As the rod is pulled out, air passes through the piston and fills the area between the piston and the outlet valve. As the rod is pushed in, the inlet valve closes and the piston forces air through the outlet valve.

Arousal theory Students learn better when they are

emotionally aroused by the material

How Lightening works

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3Awp-3CxSU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3Awp-3CxSU

Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning

Principles for better Multimedia Learning:

1. Coherence2. Signaling3. Redundancy 4. Segmenting5. Multimedia6. Personalization

Other multimedia priciples

Spatial contiguity

Temporal contiguity

Pre-training

Modality

Voice

Image

Coherence

Less is more

Students tend to be able to remember the seductive details better than they can remember the central ideas in the passage

Signaling

People learn better when cues that highlight the

organization of the essential material are

added

Outlines Headings Vocal emphasis Pointer words

Redundancy

Multimedia is more effective when words are presented

as speach rather then speech and printed text

learning preferences hypothesis

Segmenting

students learn better when a multimedia message is presented in user-paced

segments rather than as a continuous unit

Multimedia

People learn better from words and pictures than from

words alone

Decorative Representational Organizational Explanative

Personalization

People learn better from multimedia presentations

when words are in conversational style rather

than formal style

Multimedia learning as social event Voice (Human vs Computer) Image (Avatar / Tutor )

Connecting Information

How big is the internet? 109.5 million websites operated one trillion unique URLs 65,000 new videos were being

uploaded every day

Have you ever used YouTube to teach yourself something?

Connecting information

Learning Management Systems (LMS) and authoring tools (Commercial: Articulate; Camtasia; Lectora; Blackboard,...; Adobe Captivate) (Opensource: Moodle, Elgg, Udutu,...)

More: http://www.c4lpt.co.uk/Directory/Tools/instructional.html

Connecting information

Children who train with the virtual materials are as capable in correctly designing experiments as children who train with the physical materials.

Triona and Klahr

Conclusões

A utilização de meios audiovisuais, de multimédia e soluções interactivas na educação é vantajosa em diversos casos;

É cada vez mais simples criar vídeos animações e imagens;

Existem algumas regras e condições para potenciar a utilização de multimédia na educação.

Obrigado

Referências:

Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press

Kommers, Piet; Grabinger, Scott; Dunlap, Joana (1996). Hypermedia Learning Environments, Instructional Design and Integration, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Ree, Stephen K. (2009). Manipulating Multimedia Materials, In Zheng, Rober Z. (2009) Cognitive Effects of Multimedia Learning http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/CRMSE/personal_pages/sreed/Manipulating_Materials.pdf

http://sourceforge.net/projects/camstudio/files/stable/