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Slide 2 ON A HALF SHEET OF NOTEBOOK PAPER, TRY TO NAME THE ORIGINAL 13 ENGLISH COLONIES. HINT: THEIR ALL ALONG THE EAST COAST AFTER THE WARM UP, AS A CLASS, READ NC TEXTBOOK PAGES 74-75 WHERE DID THE COLONISTS SETTLE? Warm Up: Slide 3 The Northern, Middle, and Southern Colonies Slide 4 The New England Colonies Slide 5 Geography Location New Hampshire, Vermont, Maine, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island Terrain Hills and low mountains, narrow plains along coast Thin and rocky soil (difficult for farming) Weather and Resources Large areas covered by forests Richest fishing in the world off the coastline Slide 6 Establishment Chartered by the Puritans Wanted to reform the Church of England Persecuted by King Charles I in 1620s Left England in 1630 900 puritans on 11 ships Known as the Massachusetts Bay Company Led by John Winthrop Slide 7 Growth and Change New England colonists earned their livelihoods in several different ways Leather goods, fishing, shipbuilding English colonies were free to expand after the end of the Native American Uprising called King Philips War Stern religious rule had less influence over the later generations than it did over the original founders Slide 8 New England Colonies Comprehension Check Question 1: Why were the New England Colonies founded? A. Religious freedom B. Sandy soil that was ideal for growing tobacco Slide 9 New England Colonies Comprehension Check Question 2: How did most New England colonists make their living? A. Wheat farming B. Fishing and shipbuilding Need to review the New England Colonies? Start at the beginning: Slide 10 The Middle Colonies Slide 11 Geography Location New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware Terrain Mostly lowland Weather and Resources Warmer climate, with longer growing season Fertile soil well suited for wheat, fruits, and vegetables Slide 12 Establishment New York began as the Dutch colony of New Netherland Was an economic success (farming and trade) In 1664 King Charles II of England granted all Dutch lands to his brother James James sent warships and the Dutch surrendered immediately The colony was then renamed New York Slide 13 Growth and Change Wheat was the top cash crop in this area, produced by small farms Wheat = Americas breadbasket Manufacturing and Trade Artisans were also prevalent Non-English immigrants made the Middle Colonies the most diverse part of English North America Slide 14 Middle Colonies Comprehension Check Question 1: Where did most of the colonists in the Middle Colonies come from? A. Spain B. Netherlands Slide 15 Middle Colonies Comprehension Check Question 2: What is the main cash crop in the Middle Colonies? A. Cotton B. Wheat Need to review the Middle Colonies? Start at the beginning: Slide 16 The Southern Colonies Slide 17 Geography Location South of the Mason-Dixon Line Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia Terrain Coastal area (Tidewater) Flat lowland with many swampy areas Rolling hills (Piedmont) Weather and Resources Climate is warm and humid Hot summers with long growing season Farming: tobacco and rice Slide 18 Establishment In 1632 King Charles I granted charter for a colony in Maryland Chartered by the Catholics Were discriminated greatly in England Led by George Calvert Goal: to create a colony where Catholics could live safely First settlers included both Catholics and Protestants Religious toleration Act of Toleration in 1649 All adult male Christians the right to vote and hold office Slide 19 Growth and Change Two distinct ways of life The Tidewater region Plantations crops of cotton, sugar, tobacco, and rice Helped promote the spread of slavery The Backcountry Cut off from the coast by poor roads and long distances Families lived in isolated farms Slide 20 Southern Colonies Comprehension Check Question 1: What is the climate in the Southern Colonies? A. Cold and rainy B. Warm and humid Slide 21 Southern Colonies Comprehension Check Question 2: What are the two distinct ways of life in the Southern Colonies? A. Tidewater and Backcountry B. Tidewater and Piedmont Need to review the Southern Colonies? Start at the beginning: Slide 22 Summary The English colonies developed along distinct regional lines They were founded for many reasons including religious and political freedom, economy, and conquest Do you need more time to review? Start over: