Olympian Gods Packet

8/8/2019 Olympian Gods Packet

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TO THE TEACHER

Enclosed is your Olympian Gods Teaching Packet. It replaces the Intermediate/Middle SchooTeaching Packet and the Primary Readiness Packet. The overall theme of this packet is theGreek pantheon: Zeus, Hera, Hestia, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Ares, Athena, Poseidon, ApolloArtemis, Hermes, Hades, Demeter, and Dionysus.

Although some material is reprinted from the previous packets, many of the activities in this packetare new. Some of the new activities are specifically keyed by page number to dAulaires Book oGreek Myths in order to help teachers prepare their students for the National Mythology Exam.Other activities and informational pages are included for enrichment or extension. All materialsare geared toward children in grades three and above, and they include a variety of activities fordifferent levels of mythological expertise. The stories and activities supplement and complementmyths found in dAulaires Book of Greek Myths.

Additional packets are available from the Excellence Through Classics Committee. They focus onthe current theme of the National Mythology Exam and provide activities which reinforce andenrich that theme. These thematic materials are also appropriate for children in grades three andabove. The thematic teaching packets currently available are Perseus and Mythological MonstersThe Underworld, Ancient Beginnings,Heracles, Jason, Theseus, and Transformations.

The rewards of studying mythology are many. Knowledge of mythology increases theappreciation of literary reference, provides a basis for the understanding of art, aids in theacquisition of vocabulary, and helps to create historical perspective. An interest in mythology canbe a springboard to the study of foreign language, comparative mythology, anthropology,literature, art history, and world history.

As you invite mythology into your classroom, it is our hope that you and your children will findthese packets enjoyable and useful.


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THE OLYMPIAN GODSTHE OLYMPIAN GODSTHE OLYMPIAN GODSTHE OLYMPIAN GODSTABLE OF CONTENTS*

Olympian Overview

The Olympians: A Brief Introduction or Review ........................................................................ 1Pronunciation Guide ................................................................................................................. 4

The Olympians: Appearance and Attributes ............................................................................. 5Family Tree ............................................................................................................................... 7Naming the Planets ................................................................................................................. 10Plan a Planet ........................................................................................................................... 12Make a Planet Mobile .............................................................................................................. 13A Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses ...................................................................................... 14The Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Greece and Rome ....................................................... 15Greek Name / Roman Name Matching .................................................................................... 21Symbols of the Gods and Goddesses ..................................................................................... 22

In the Beginning / Zeus / Hestia

In the Beginning Matching ....................................................................................................... 24Three Puzzles About the War .................................................................................................. 25In the Beginning Crossword Puzzle ......................................................................................... 28Out of Chaos Crossword Puzzle .............................................................................................. 31In the Beginning Word Search ................................................................................................. 33The End of the War Word Search ............................................................................................ 35Gaea and Uranus Picture ........................................................................................................ 37Titanomachy ............................................................................................................................ 38Musical Mythology: Zeus ........................................................................................................ 48Hestia, Goddess of the Hearth ................................................................................................ 49Musical Mythology: Vesta ....................................................................................................... 50Review #1 ................................................................................................................................ 51

Hera

Hera Crossword Puzzle ........................................................................................................... 54Transformations ...................................................................................................................... 56Musical Mythology: Juno ........................................................................................................ 58

Hephaestus

Musical Mythology: Hephaestus ............................................................................................. 59Hephaestus Activity ................................................................................................................. 60More Hephaestus Activities ..................................................................................................... 62Where is Lemnos? .................................................................................................................. 63

Hephaestus Picture ................................................................................................................. 65

Aphrodite

Animals and Monsters ............................................................................................................. 66More Detailed Information About Aphrodite ............................................................................. 68More Myths About Aphrodite ................................................................................................... 69Musical Mythology: Venus....................................................................................................... 70Aphrodite Picture ..................................................................................................................... 71

*NOTE: Answer Keys follow most activities.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS* (continued)

Ares

All of Zeus Relatives ............................................................................................................... 72Who Could I Be? #1 ................................................................................................................. 73Hephaestus / Aphrodite / Ares Crossword Puzzle ................................................................... 75Hera / Hephaestus / Aphrodite / Ares Word Search ................................................................. 77

Bingo Game #1 ....................................................................................................................... 79Musical Mythology: Mars ........................................................................................................ 83The Wounding of Ares ............................................................................................................. 84

Athena

Musical Mythology: Athena...................................................................................................... 85Think About Athena ................................................................................................................. 86Arachne the Weaver ................................................................................................................ 87Hanging By a Thread ............................................................................................................... 88Athena Double Puzzle ............................................................................................................. 89Musical Mythology: Arachne ................................................................................................... 91Derivatives from The Itsy-Bitsy Spider .................................................................................. 92

Name That Spider ................................................................................................................... 93Pom-Pom Spiders ................................................................................................................... 94

Poseidon

Athena / Poseidon Crossword Puzzle ..................................................................................... 95Relationships ........................................................................................................................... 98Athena / Poseidon Word Search ........................................................................................... 100Who Could I Be? #2 .............................................................................................................. 102Analogies .............................................................................................................................. 103Musical Mythology: Neptune ................................................................................................ 105The Contest for Athens A Retelling .................................................................................... 106

Why Was it Better? ................................................................................................................ 107Water, Water, Everywhere .................................................................................................... 108Some Facts About Water ...................................................................................................... 109Oil or Water? ......................................................................................................................... 110Poseidon Picture ................................................................................................................... 111Review #2 ............................................................................................................................. 112

Apollo / Artemis

Apollo / Artemis Crossword Puzzle ........................................................................................ 116Apollo Word Pieces ............................................................................................................... 118Artemis Word Pieces ............................................................................................................. 119True Statements Apollo / Artemis........................................................................................... 120

Bingo Game #2 ..................................................................................................................... 123Musical Mythology: Apollo .................................................................................................... 126Musical Mythology: Artemis.................................................................................................... 127Artemis and Actaeon: Write Your Own Ending ..................................................................... 128Make Artemis Stag and Quiver ............................................................................................. 129Artemis and Actaeon Maze ................................................................................................... 130Artemis and Actaeon Picture ................................................................................................. 131Daphne and Apollo: A Retelling ............................................................................................ 132Musical Mythology: Apollo and Daphne ................................................................................ 134Apollo and Daphne Puppets................................................................................................... 135

*NOTE: Answer Keys follow most activities.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS* (continued)

Hermes

Word Search Hermes ......................................................................................................... 137Hermes Crossword ................................................................................................................ 139Hermes Double Puzzle .......................................................................................................... 141Mythological Names Rebus ................................................................................................... 142

Musical Mythology: Mercury ................................................................................................. 144The Caduceus ....................................................................................................................... 145Activities for Hermes and Apollo ............................................................................................ 146Apollo and Hermes Picture .................................................................................................... 147

Hades / Demeter

The Underworld Double Puzzle ............................................................................................. 148Who Could I Be? #3 ............................................................................................................... 149Demeter / Hades Crossword ................................................................................................. 151Hermes / Hades / Demeter Cloze Exercise ........................................................................... 153Musical Mythology: Ceres .................................................................................................... 157

Musical Mythology: Hades and Persephone.......................................................................... 158Home Sweet Home................................................................................................................ 159Write About Cerberus ............................................................................................................ 161Constellations ........................................................................................................................ 162Demeter Activities ................................................................................................................. 164Demeter and Triptolemus Picture .......................................................................................... 165Review #3 ............................................................................................................................. 166

General Mythology

Mythology Rap ...................................................................................................................... 170Mythology Project: Teacher Information ............................................................................... 171

Mythology Project: Student Information ................................................................................ 172Special Section on Cooperative Work ................................................................................... 176Why Do We Say That? .......................................................................................................... 185Words from the Gods: A Dictionary and Research Skills Activity........................................... 187General Bibliography For Classical Mythology ...................................................................... 190

* NOTE: Answer Keys follow most activities.

Illustrations on the cover sheet and pages 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 21, 22, 24, 28, 33, 35, 38, 48, 49, 50, 54, 56, 58,

59, 60, 62, 66, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 75, 77, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 89, 91, 93, 95, 100, 102, 105, 109, 110, 116,118, 119, 126, 127, 128, 133, 134, 137, 139, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 151, 154, 155, 157, 158,159, 161, 164, 170, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, and 185 are from Clipart.com School Edition.

The use of these pictures is authorized by the agreement between the subscriber andJUPITERIMAGES. These pictures have been printed in accordance with the site terms


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OLYMPIAN OVERVIEW

Copyright 2007 American Classical LeagueMay be reproduced for classroom use

1

The Olympians: A Brief Introduction or ReviewTHE CHILDREN OF THE TITANS, CRONUS AND RHEA

ZEUS Roman Name: Jupiter or Jove

Zeus became the king of the Olympian gods after the battle with the Titans. Herules the upper air, and he uses thunder and lightning as weapons. He haspower over humans (mortals) and often goes among them in disguise. Heespecially likes young ladies, and he has had many children, both mortal andimmortal. His symbols are lightning, the eagle, the oak, and a crown andscepter.

HERA Roman Name: Juno

Hera was Zeus sister and wife. Hera is considered the Queen of Mount Olympus,beautiful in a mature way. She is also very jealous of Zeus affairs with mortal women,and she does spiteful things to them, like turn them into a cow or an echo. Her symbolis the peacock, from the story of Io. She is considered the goddess of women,marriage, and childbirth.

POSEIDON Roman Name: Neptune

Poseidon was the god of the sea, and he has the power to cause storms, tidal waves,and earthquakes when he strikes his trident on the water or the land. He is the brotherof Zeus. He became the father of many children including the Cyclopes in TheOdyssey. You can recognize him by the trident, sea symbols, his long beard, and hischariot coming out of the waves which is usually pulled by four white horses.

HADES Roman Name: Pluto or Dis

Hades was the gloomy god of the underworld, guardian of all the dead people,both good and bad. Since he does not like the light, he does not live on MountOlympus. One day, however, he did go up on earth to steal Persephone for hiswife. His symbols are a two-pronged scepter, four black horses that pull hischariot, and the three-headed dog, Cerberus. Sometimes the underworld itselfis called Hades.

DEMETER Roman Name: Ceres

Demeter was the goddess of grain and the harvest. If she was not happy, thingswould not grow. After Hades took her daughter, Persephone, the earth was frozenand bare for a long time. Zeus became upset and made the girl come back to earth

for part of the year. Her symbols are sheaves of grain or baskets of fruit. Do you eatanything that sounds like her Roman name?

HESTIA Roman Name: Vesta

Hestia was the first child of Cronus and Rhea. She is a goddess of the hearth and itssacred fire. Fire was very important to ancient people so they prayed to Hestia tokeep it burning. Her symbol is the hearth. There are not many stories about her, andshe did not have a throne with the others but rather sat on the floor near the fire.


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The Olympians: A Brief Introduction or Review (continued)

THE CHILDREN OF ZEUS AND HERA

HEPHAESTUS Roman Name: Vulcan

Hephaestus was the god of the forge. He was an excellent blacksmith. Hemade Zeus lightning bolts, and he fashioned armor for both gods and mortals.He is said to be ugly and deformed with thin, weak legs because Zeus threwhim from Mount Olympus. He is usually pictured at his forge or anvil,sometimes being helped by three Cyclopes, the one-eyed sons of Gaea (theearth) and Uranus (the sky). He married Aphrodite, goddess of love andbeauty, but she was not faithful to him.

ARES Roman Name: Mars

Ares was the tall, handsome god of war. He was vain and cruel, and he did not have

respect from the other Olympians. The spirit of Strife, called Eris, went with him.She threw down her golden apple of discord which made people fight. Then Areswould jump into battle just for blood. He was loved by Aphrodite, and their son isEros. Ares symbols are armor, a war-chariot, vultures, and dogs.

THE CHILDREN OF ZEUS AND LETO (Latona)

APOLLO Roman Name: Apollo

Apollo was sometimes called Phoebus. He was the god of music and poetry, and he wasoften pictured with long golden hair, a lyre, and a bow and arrows. Apollo is associatedwith the sun. He was very important to Greeks and others who often went to his templeat Delphi to get advice for their future from the Oracle. Apollo and the nine Muses,goddesses of the arts, are often shown together dancing. Apollo is also known as ahandsome lover, especially in the story of Daphne in Ovids Metamorphoses.

ARTEMIS Roman Name: Diana

Artemis was the goddess of the hunt and the moon. She is often pictured with a shortdress, a bow and arrows, and a crescent moon on her head. She is the twin sister ofApollo. Artemis never married but spent her life hunting in the woods with herhounds.


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The Olympians: A Brief Introduction or Review (continued)

OTHER OLYMPIANS

ATHENA Roman Name: Minerva

Athena was sometimes called Pallas. She was the goddess of wisdom and usefularts. Fully formed and wearing armor, she was born out of Zeus head. She isusually pictured with her armor, often with the head of Medusa on her shield oraegis. Other symbols are an owl and an olive tree or branch. The city of Athenswas named for her, and her temple, the Parthenon, is still there. She was Zeusfavorite daughter. Her most famous story is about Arachne, the weaver.

APHRODITE Roman Name: Venus

Aphrodite was the goddess of love and beauty, born fully grown out of the sea on a

cushion of foam. She was so beautiful almost no man could resist her. Zeus hadher marry Hephaestus so the gods would not fight over her. She often had otherlovers. Her symbols are seashells, a chariot pulled by doves, and a mirror.

HERMES Roman Name: Mercury

Hermes was the messenger of the gods and the protector of travelers. He led dead soulsto the Underworld. Hermes was the son of Zeus and Maia, a Titans daughter. From theday of his birth, he was tricky and strong. He invented the lyre from a turtle shell, stole thecattle of Apollo, and then traded them for the lyre. His symbols are winged sandals andhat, a wand with snakes on it, a traveling hat, and a cloak.

DIONYSUS Roman Name: BacchusDionysus was the god of grapes, wine, and revelry. Zeus was his father. He hada mortal mother, Semele, but was born out of Zeus thigh. His worshippersdanced around the hills until they worked themselves into an ecstatic frenzy.

Submitted by Susan HengelsbergPerry, NY


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PRONUNCIATION GUIDEThese pronunciations are taken from Morford and Lenardons Classical Mythology.

Accented syllables are in bold type.

Values of the long vowels are as follows:

as in cape as in bee as in ice as in boat as in too

aegis - jis

Aphrodite af - r- d - t

Apollo a - pol - lAres ar - z

Artemis ar - te - mis

Athena a - th - na

Bacchus bak - kus

Ceres s - rs

Cyclopes s - kl - ps

Delphi del - f

Demeter de - m

- terDionysus d - - n - sus

Gaea j -a

Hades h- ds

Hephaestus he - fes - tus

Hera he - ra

Hermes her - ms

Hestia hes - ti- a

Maia m

- yaPersephone per - sef - - n

Phoebus f - bus

Poseidon po - s- don

Semele sem - e - l

Zeus zus


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THE OLYMPIANS: APPEARANCE AND ATTRIBUTES

1. ZEUS: king of the gods, brother and husband of HeraA. God of the sky and weather, ruler of gods and menB. Appearance: mature, bearded, clothedC. Attributes: eagle, oak tree, scepter, thunderboltD. Important representation: Olympian Zeus by Phidias

2. HERA: queen of the gods, sister and wife of ZeusA. Goddess of women, marriage, childbirthB. Appearance: ladylike, mature, fully clothed, often veiledC. Attributes: crown, scepter, cuckoo, peacock, fleur-de-lis

3. POSEIDON: brother of ZeusA. God of the sea, horses, earthquakesB. Appearance: resembles ZeusC. Attributes: trident, horse, bull, dolphin, entourage of sea nymphs,

sea monsters, and other creatures of the sea.

4. HADES: brother of Zeus, husband of PersephoneA. God of death and the underworldB. Appearance: seldom depicted, but resembles ZeusC. Attributes: two-pronged scepter, Cerberus

5. DEMETER: sister of Zeus, mother of PersephoneA. Goddess of the cropsB. Appearance: resembles HeraC. Attributes: torches, stalk or sheaf of grainD. Object of a mystery cult at Eleusis near Athens

since the yearly cycle of the crops is an intimation of immortality

6. HESTIA: sister of ZeusA. Goddess of the hearthB. Appearance: resembles Hera,

always depicted in an attitude of immobilityC. Attributes: hearth, fire, homeD. Displaced from her throne by Dionysus prior to 432 BCE

7. HEPHAESTUS: son of Zeus and Hera, husband of AphroditeA. Lame god of fire and the forge, divine handyman or artisanB. Appearance: bearded, serious, usually at his forge,

often wears a skull capC. Attributes: hammer, anvil, bellows, fire, forge


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THE OLYMPIANS: APPEARANCE AND ATTRIBUTES (continued)

8. ARES: son of Zeus and HeraA. God of violence and ugly passions of war, divine swashbucklerB. Appearance: unpopular so seldom depicted,

but appears as a handsome young man in armor

C. Attributes: armor, vulture, dog, war-chariot, Eris

9. APOLLO: son of Zeus and Leto, twin brother of ArtemisA. God of light, prophecy, archery, music, fine arts, medicine, lawB. Appearance: young handsome male with long hairC. Attributes: lyre, bow and arrows, laurel wreath, oracle at DelphiD. Apollo became the embodiment of the Hellenic spirit

10. ARTEMIS: daughter of Zeus and Leto, twin sister of ApolloA. Virgin goddess of the woods and hunt, cares for wild beasts

B. Appearance: young attractive female dressed for the huntC. Attributes: bow and arrows, small animals nearby, stags, palm tree

11. ATHENA: daughter of Zeus and MetisA. Virgin goddess of wisdom, arts and crafts,

the honorable aspects of warfare, protector of AthensB. Appearance: young, beautiful, serious, clothed in armorC. Attributes: shield, aegis, snake, owl, lamp, helmet, Nike, oliveD. Important representation: cult figure in the Parthenon by Phidias

12. APHRODITE: rose from sea foam, wife of Hephaestus, mother of Eros (her son by Ares)

A. Goddess of love and beautyB. Appearance: originally draped and stiff, later more sensualC. Attributes: doves, mirror, flowers, blossoms, The Graces, ErosD. Important representations: Aphrodite of Cnidus by Praxiteles, Venus de Milo

13. HERMES: son of Zeus and MaiaA. Divine messenger, god of travelers, merchants and thieves, leads the dead to HadesB. Appearance: young man, sometimes beardedC. Attributes: broad brimmed travelers hat, snake-wound

heralds staff called the caduceus, winged hat and sandalsD. Important representation: Hermes by Praxiteles

14. DIONYSUS: son of Zeus and SemeleA. God of the energy of nature and of wine, patron of poetry, drama, and songB. Appearance: young, sensual, sometimes bearded, often drunkC. Attributes: a rout of Maenads, satyrs, vines, grapesD. Worshipped as an object of a mystery cult


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FAMILY TREEEach child can create a family tree. You might want to use the reduced pictures instead of writing the

names of the gods, goddesses, and their parents. The configuration is visually understandablealthough logically the roots of the tree should be the ancestors.


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Teachers KeyFAMILY TREE


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FAMILY TREE PICTURES

Janeene BlankBirmingham, MI


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Naming the PlanetsThe ancient Greeks noticed that there were a few stars that moved among the other stars. They

did not twinkle, but glowed steadily, and they had a different position every night. They called theseheavenly bodies planets which means wanderer in Greek. People long ago could see five of the planets

clearly. Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn can easily be seen with the naked eye. Mercury lies so near thesun that it can seldom be seen because it sinks below the horizon before it is completely dark at night.The planets were named for Roman gods and goddesses because of some characteristic that

reminded ancient astronomers of that mythical persona.

MERCURY This small planet speeds around the sun in only 88 days. It is easy to see why it wasnamed for the messenger god who could travel between Earth and Mount Olympus in thetwinkling of an eye.

VENUS Beautiful and serene, this planet is often called the morning star or the evening star. It is thethird brightest body in the heavens. It was named for the goddess of love and beauty.

EARTH The name for our home planet comes not from Greek or Roman mythology, but from theGerman word erde. However, other words that refer to Earth do come from mythologyGaea, the name for Mother Earth, is used when we talk about places (geography), andmineral structure (geology). It is used to begin many words (geo-). The word terra is aLatin word for the earth, and it gives us terrestrial, terra firma, and territory.

MARS This red planet is named for the god of war. Perhaps its red color reminded the ancientastronomers of blood or of anger. The two satellites, Phobos and Deimos, are named fothe dogs of war that followed Mars, and they mean fear and evil spirits.

THE ASTEROID BELT These oddly shaped pieces of matter have an orbit between Mars andJupiter. Some of them are almost large enough to be small planets, and

some have names. Can you find out the names of two very large ones?

JUPITER The king of the Olympian gods had several names. Among them was the Roman name,Jupiter. The largest of the planets is named for him. The many satellites of Jupiter arenamed for people with whom he had some connection. Two large ones are Ganymede andIo. Can you discover the names of others? Can you find out who they were in mythology?

SATURN Saturn was the Roman god of agriculture, but he was often identified with the Greek god,Cronus, who was the son of the earth mother, Gaea, and who became the father of the kingof the gods. Saturn was a Titan which means he was huge. The planet Saturn is a gasgiant, second only to Jupiter in size. The rings of Saturn are clearly visible from earth. Itwas the first planet known to have rings, although we have since discovered that other

planets do have them.

URANUS Uranus was the god who was the personification of the heavens, and he was married toGaea. This is another of the gas giants. Perhaps it was named Uranus because of its sizeCan you discover the number of satellites and their names?

NEPTUNE Neptune is sometimes the eighth planet from the sun, sometimes the ninth. It is ninth whenPlutos orbit carries it inside Neptunes. The Roman god, Neptune, was the god of the seaand the god of earthquakes. Perhaps the color the planet glows accounts for its name. Iwas located by mathematics in 1846.


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Naming the Planets (continued)

PLUTO Is it any wonder the most distant, tiny planet was named for the cold lord of the underworld?Dark and secretive, Pluto, the planet, seems a little like Pluto, the Roman god. The onesatellite of Pluto is almost as large as the planet itself, and it is called Charon. Why is that agood name for a satellite of Pluto?

10th Planet I think it should be called by a name from mythology like the others, dont you?

Joette McDonaldVermilion, OH


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PLAN A PLANETYou have just discovered another planet in our solar system. You must look at its characteristics and thendecide what name you will give it, following the tradition of naming the planets after characters from Romanmythology.

1. Where does your planet lie? How many other planets are between it and the sun? Draw a diagrambelow to show the orbit of your new planet.

2. How big is your planet? Compare it in size to one of the other planets. _________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. What is your planet made of? Is it a gas giant? Does it have water? What kinds of rocks and minerals

are found there? Does it have an atmosphere? ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. If you look at the planet from Earth, what color does it appear? ________________________________

5. How many satellites does your planet have? _______________

6. Would it be possible for people from Earth to colonize your planet? ____________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

7. What else is special about your planet? __________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

The name of this newly discovered planet is __________________________

Discovered by ____________________________________________ Date _____________________

Joette McDonaldVermilion, OH


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A Dictionary of Gods and GoddessesAs you continue to gather information about gods and goddesses, you may want to keep a record in

dictionary form. Prepare one page for each deity. Use the following form to record your information.

Greek Name ____________________________________________

Roman Name ____________________________________________

God/Goddess of ____________________________________________

Symbols ____________________________________________

Information and/or stories about this god or goddess

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Picture or drawing of this god


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The Gods and Goddessesof Ancient Greece and Rome

Title orGreek Name The God or Goddess of . . . Roman Name Symbol

ZEUS KING JUPITER/JOVE EAGLE / OAK

HERA QUEEN JUNO PEACOCK

DEMETER GRAIN CERES WHEAT

HESTIA HEARTH VESTA HOME / FIRE

POSEIDON SEA NEPTUNE TRIDENT / DOLPHIN

HADES UNDERWORLD PLUTO CERBERUS

HERMES MESSENGER MERCURY WINGED HAT / SANDALS

ARTEMIS HUNT DIANA MOON / DEER

APOLLO SUN APOLLO LYRE

ARES WAR MARS VULTURE

HEPHAESTUS FIRE / FORGE VULCAN ANVIL

APHRODITE LOVE VENUS CUPID / DOVE

ATHENA WISDOM / WAR MINERVA OLIVES / OWLWEAVING


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I Know All About the Gods and Goddessesof Ancient Greece and Rome

Quiz: Version I

Complete the chart below by filling in the missing terms or names.

Greek Name Title or Roman Name SymbolGod/Goddess of . . .

1. _________________ _______________ _______________ TRIDENT

2. _________________ UNDERWORLD _______________ _______________

3. ZEUS _______________ _______________ _______________

4. _________________ QUEEN _______________ _______________

5. DEMETER _______________ _______________ _______________

6. _______________ HEARTH _______________ _______________

7. HEPHAESTUS _______________ _______________ _______________

8. APHRODITE _______________ _______________ _______________

9. _______________ _______________ MARS _______________

10. _______________ WISDOM / WAR _______________ OLIVES / OWLWEAVING

11. ______________ _______________ DIANA _______________

12. _______________ SUN _______________ _______________

13. _______________ _______________ MERCURY _______________


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Quiz: Version 2



1. POSEIDON _______________ _______________ _______________

2. _________________ _______________ PLUTO _______________

3. _______________ _______________ _______________ EAGLE / OAK

4. HERA _______________ _______________ _______________

5. _______________ HARVEST _______________ _______________

6. _______________ _______________ _______________ HOME / FIRE

7. _______________ BLACKSMITH _______________ _______________

8. _______________ _______________ _______________ DOVE / CUPID

9. _______________ _______________ _______________ VULTURE

10. _______________ _______________ MINERVA _______________

11. ARTEMIS _______________ _______________ _______________

12. _______________ _______________ _______________ LYRE / MUSIC

13. HERMES _______________ _______________ _______________


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Teachers KeyI Know All About the Gods and Goddesses

of Ancient Greece and Rome

Quiz 1 and Quiz 2


1. POSEIDON SEA NEPTUNE TRIDENT / DOLPHIN

2. HADES UNDERWORLD PLUTO CERBERUS

3. ZEUS KING JUPITER / JOVE EAGLE / OAK

4. HERA QUEEN JUNO PEACOCK

5. DEMETER GRAIN CERES WHEAT

6. HESTIA HEARTH VESTA HOME / FIRE

7. HEPHAESTUS FIRE / FORGE VULCAN ANVIL

8. APHRODITE LOVE VENUS CUPID / DOVE

9. ARES WAR MARS VULTURE

10. ATHENA WISDOM / WAR MINERVA OLIVES / OWLWEAVING

11. ARTEMIS HUNT DIANA MOON / DEER

12. APOLLO SUN APOLLO LYRE

13. HERMES MESSENGER MERCURY WINGED HAT / SANDALS


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Quiz: Version III



1. _______________ WAR _______________ _______________

2. _______________ _______________ _______________ CERBERUS

3. _______________ HUNTING _______________ _______________

4. _______________ _______________ JUPITER / JOVE _______________

5. _______________ QUEEN _______________ _______________

6. _______________ _______________ CERES _______________

7. _______________ SEA _______________ _______________

8. HESTIA _______________ _______________ HOME / FIRE

9. _______________ _______________ _______________ ANVIL

10. APHRODITE _______________ _______________ _______________

11. _______________ WISDOM / WAR _______________ _______________WEAVING

12. _______________ SUN _______________ _______________

13. _______________ _______________ _______________ WINGED HATSANDALS


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Teachers Key


Quiz III


1. ARES WAR MARS VULTURE

2. HADES UNDERWORLD PLUTO CERBERUS

3. ARTEMIS HUNTING DIANA MOON / DEER4. ZEUS KING JUPITER / JOVE EAGLE / OAK

5. HERA QUEEN JUNO PEACOCK

6. DEMETER GRAIN CERES WHEAT

7. POSEIDON SEA NEPTUNE TRIDENT / DOLPHIN

8. HESTIA HEARTH VESTA HOME / FIRE

9. HEPHAESTUS FIRE / FORGE VULCAN ANVIL10. APHRODITE LOVE VENUS CUPID / DOVE

11. ATHENA WISDOM / WAR MINERVA OLIVES / OWLWEAVING

12. APOLLO SUN APOLLO LYRE

13. HERMES MESSENGER MERCURY WINGED HAT / SANDALS


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Greek Name / Roman NameMatching

Write the letter of the Roman name in the blank next to the Greek name of the same god or goddess.

Greek Names Roman Names

_____ 1. Zeus A. Apollo

_____ 2. Hera B. Ceres

_____ 3. Athena C. Juno

_____ 4. Hades D. Neptune

_____ 5. Demeter E. Pluto

_____ 6. Artemis F. Minerva

_____ 7. Apollo G. Jupiter

_____ 8. Hermes H. Mercury

_____ 9. Hephaestus I. Diana

_____ 10. Aphrodite J. Vulcan

_____ 11. Hestia K. Mars

_____ 12. Poseidon L. Venus

_____ 13. Ares M. Vesta


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Symbols of the Gods and Goddesses

Match the following gods and goddesses with their symbols.

_____ 1. Zeus A. Helmet of invisibility, two-pronged scepter

_____ 2. Poseidon B. Owl, shield, breastplate, and olive branch

_____ 3. Hades C. Dove and Cupid

_____ 4. Demeter D. Sun, music, and lyre

_____ 5. Hestia E. Thunderbolt, eagle, and oak tree

_____ 6. Hephaestus F. Stag and crescent moon

_____ 7. Ares G. Peacock

_____ 8. Apollo H. Trident and horse

_____ 9. Artemis I. Magic wand, winged sandals and helmet

_____ 10 Athena J. Sheaf of wheat, grain, and fruit

_____ 11. Aphrodite K. Hearth and fire

_____ 12. Hermes L. Anvil and forge

_____ 13. Hera M. Vulture, dog, war chariot, and armor


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Teachers Key

Greek Name/Roman NameMatching

1. G2. C3. F4. E5. B6. I7. A8. H9. J

10. L11. M12. D13. K

Teachers Key

Symbols of the Gods and Goddesses1. E2. H3. A4. J5. K6. L7. M8. D9. F

10. B11. C12. I13. G


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IN THE BEGINNING / ZEUS / HESTIA


25

Three Puzzles About the WarThis difficult exercise covers material in dAulaires Book of Greek Myths, p. 17

Figure out the number that corresponds to the letter. They are NOT consecutive.

One letters number has been provided for you.The sentences you create will be about gods, Titans, and monsters who participated in the war.

Puzzle #1 Olympians Versus Titans

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z19

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____1 10 16 7 20 19 23 20 8 14 9 18 24

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____20 1 3 7 20 19 23 20 8 14 13 16 3 18 20 24

____ ____ ____ ____.15 20 8 14

Puzzle #2 An Educated Guess


____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____8 10 5 20 12 9 17 12 21 24 17 4 3 9 17 12

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____.2 11 22 9 5 22 8 10 5 8 17 12 25 26


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Three Puzzles About the War (continued)

Puzzle #3 Thanks!


____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____, ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____2 20 10 21 16 14 3 20 2 9 2 23 7 6

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____, ____ ____ ____21 3 13 21 25 21 11 21 5 21 20 24 2 3 16

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____5 21 17 1 20 3 21 3 17 11 7 5 20 25 26 14 10 14

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____17 21 6 20 25 6 10 7 19 20 1 14

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____.9 24 9 5 7 23 14 25


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Teachers KeyIn The Beginning

Matching

1. G2. O3. C4. D5. I6. K7. A8. F

9. J10. B11. L12. N13. E14. H15. M

Teachers KeyThree Puzzles About the War

Puzzle #1: Prometheus and Epimetheus joined Zeus.

Puzzle #2: Prometheus had the gift of prophecy.

Puzzle #3: A trident, a cap of invisibility, and lightning bolts were gifts from the Cyclopes.


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In The BeginningCrossword Puzzle

This exercise covers material in dAulaires Book of Greek Myths, pp. 9-20

Complete the puzzle by identifying the speaker of each clue on the next page.

WORD BANK

aegis PontusAmaltheia Prometheuscap RheaCronus stoneCyclopes TartarusEchidna Titanessesflint TitansGaea Tridentlightning TyphonMetis Uranus


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In The BeginningCrossword Puzzle Clues

Across1. Two of my children are Cerberus and the Hydra.4. I am Gaea's second husband.5. I came out of darkness, and I was lonely.6. I am the Titan who became the ruler after Uranus.8. We are the six giant daughters of Uranus and Gaea.10. I am the weapon that the Cyclopes made for Zeus.12. Cronus thought I was a baby because I was wrapped in baby clothes.13. I am the weapon that the Cyclopes made for Poseidon.16. I, the first lord of the universe, married Gaea.17. I am pinned under Mount Aetna.18. I am Zeus' first wife.19. I am the material out of which Gaea made the sickle.

Down2. I am the invisible gift that the Cyclopes made for Hades.3. Ambrosia and nectar flows from my horns.4. I fought on Zeus' side against the Titans because I can look into the future.7. We have only one eye, but we are strong.9. I am the breastplate of Zeus.11. I am the place where Uranus flung the Cyclopes.14. We are the six giant sons of Uranus and Gaea.15. I am married to Cronus.


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Teachers KeyIn The Beginning Crossword


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Out of ChaosCrossword Puzzle


Across Down2. What Metis was the goddess of 1. Cronus' Titaness wife5. Number of sisters that Rhea had 3. What Cronus thought the magic herb would

7. Food and drink of the gods (three words) make him10. Second husband of Mother Earth 4. Second lord of the universe13. First lord of the universe 6. Wife of Uranus15. First children of Mother Earth 8. Home of the gods (2 words)16. Zeus' "nanny" 9. Peaceful age during the early rule of Cronus18. What Greek gods resembled 11. Number of heads on each of the Hekatonchires19. Three strong smiths 12. Island where Zeus grew up

who were not handsome 14. Weapon that Mother Earth gave to Cronus20. Third lord of the universe 17. What the "impenetrable breastplate" was called


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Teachers KeyOut of Chaos


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In the BeginningWord Search


Locate the following words in the puzzle grid. They may be vertical or horizontal.

AMALTHEIA TARTARUS

CRONUS TITANS

CYCLOPES TRIDENT

ECHIDNA TYPHON

GAEA URANUS

METIS ZEUS

RHEA


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Teachers KeyIn the Beginning

Word Search


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The End of the WarWord Search

This exercise covers material in dAulaires Book of Greek Myths, pp. 16-23In this grid, find the words suggested by the clues at the bottom of the page.

The words may be backwards, forwards, horizontal, vertical, or diagonal.

CLUES

1. Two monsters that Mother Earth sent to fight 13. Goddess of wisdom, war, weaving, olives,against Zeus (three words) and owls

2. Place where Zeus put the Titans after the war 14. God of light and music

3. Professions of the Cyclopes (three words) 15. What the Cyclopes built for the gods on Mount Olympus4. Guards at the gates of Tartarus 16. What hid the gods on Mount Olympus5. God of fire 17. Goddess of the hearth6. Demeter's daughter 18. Titan sent to carry the sky on his shoulders7. Goddess of love 19. Mountain that Typhon planned to hurl at Zeus8. Lord of the sea 20. Lord of the dead9. God of wine 21. The gods' and goddesses' "blood"10. Goddess of the hunt 22. Zeus' queen11. Goddess of the harvest 23. God of war12. Herald of the gods 24. Goddess who wore a gown of iridescent drops


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36

The End of the WarWord Search

Teachers Key

1. Typhon and Echidna 13. Athena2. Tartarus 14. Apollo3. smiths and masons 15. palace4. Hekatonchires 16. clouds5. Hephaestus 17. Hestia6. Persephone 18. Atlas7. Aphrodite 19. Aetna

8. Poseidon 20. Hades9. Dionysus 21. ichor10. Artemis 22. Hera11. Demeter 23. Ares12. Hermes 24. Iris


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37

GAEA AND URANUS


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38

TITANOMACHY

(t - tan M eh - k)

Titanomachy is the name for the struggle between the Titans and the gods. The giant Titans

fought the six Olympians who were born to Cronus and Rhea. The Cyclopes and the Fifty-Headed Hundred-Handed Monsters (the Hekatonchires) fought on the side of the Olympiansalong with two of the Titans, Epimetheus and Prometheus. The monsters, Echidna and Typhonfought on the side of the Titans. Zeus and the Olympians won, thanks to the thunderbolts forgedby the Cyclopes.

On the following pages are cutout pictures of the main characters from the Titanomachy. (Thereare pictures of the other Olympian gods, too, for use in projects other than this one.) To preparethe participants for the battle, mount each cutout on construction paper. Cut along the outlines.

Using the patterns for the Small Figures Stand and the Large Figures Stand, make a stand for

each cutout from tag board. Glue the long narrow folded edge of the stand to the back of thecutout.

Designate a place in the classroom as the field of contest, and position the figures on the propersides.

Fighting for the Titans

CronusRheaOther Titans and Titanesses (but NOT Epimetheus or Prometheus)

EchidnaTyphon

Fighting for the Olympians

ZeusHeraHadesPoseidon

DemeterHestiaThree CyclopesThree HekatonchiresPrometheusEpimetheus


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48

Musical Mythology

Zeus

(Tune: On Top of Old Smoky)

On top of Olympus all covered with cloudGreat Jupiter sits there so mighty and proud.

Hes king of the thunder and lightning and storm.He walks among mortals in various forms.

Hes father of many, for he likes to roamAmong the young ladies, but far from his homeCause Juno is jealous when trouble she sees.

She changes his lovers to rocks, beasts, and trees.

If a mortals in trouble and the gods cant agreeHe holds up his scales for their fate to decree.

But if men do not please him, then theyll get a joltFor Zeus will take aim with his hot thunderbolt

Liz Hubbard, Sagel, IDSusan Hengelsberg, Perry, NYAnn Edwards, Belle, MO


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HESTIAGoddess of the Hearth

The oldest sister of Zeus, Hestia, is not featured in many myths. Nevertheless, since the hearthwas of utmost importance to the ancients as a source of heat and light, they honored her daily at the

beginning and the ending of every meal. Hestia represented home and family, and thus she is not involvedin any mythological adventures.

There was a public hearth sacred to Hestia in every city. In Rome, six priestesses called theVestals kept perpetual watch over her fire in the temple. The safety of the city of Rome was believed to bedependent upon the continuation of this flame.

One of the few stories that is told about Hestia involves Dionysus. Dionysus was the youngest othe Olympian gods. He was the god of wine, and he brought lots of joy to people. He was also Zeus sonand Zeus really liked him. Zeus wanted him to have a golden throne like the other gods and goddessesBut since Dionysus mother was a mortal woman, Hera became very angry and said she didnt wantDionysus there. When Zeus insisted, Hera sat quietly. The problem was that there were only twelve

thrones in the hall. So Hestia silently got up and went to sit by the hearth. She said that was where shechose to be so Dionysus could have her throne.

Mary Ann TitusWesterville, OH


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50

Musical Mythology

Vesta

(Tune: It Isnt Any Trouble Just to S-M-I-L-E)

We all know a goddess. She is V-E-S-T-A.We all know a goddess. She is V-E-S-T-A.

Vestal virgins stay awake for Vestas sacred fires sake.We all know a goddess. She is V-E-S-T-A.

The goddess of the hearth is called H-E-S-T-I-A.The goddess of the hearth is called H-E-S-T-I-A.

She sits beside the fire and she never seems to tire.The goddess of the hearth is called H-E-S-T-I-A.

Vesta gladly gave her throne to Dionysus.Vesta gladly gave her throne to Dionysus.

Juno really threw a fit when Bacchus had no place to sit.Vesta gladly gave her throne to Dionysus.


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REVIEW #1This exercise covers material in dAulaires Book of Greek Myths, pp. 9-23

1. Who makes noise to drown out the cries of baby Zeus? _________________________

2. Gaea is ________________________________________.

3. What does Metis give to Cronus that is supposed to make him strong?

_________________________________________________

4. How many Titans and Titanesses are there? ____________________________

5. Who is Amaltheia? _____________________________________________________

6. What is the distinguishing characteristic of the Cyclopes? ______________________

7. The Titan who chased Uranus away is _________________________.

8. What does Rhea give to Cronus instead of baby Zeus? _______________________

9. What are the Cyclopes two occupations?

__________________________ and ________________________________

10. Uranus is _______________________________________.

11. What do the Cyclopes make for Hades? ____________________________

12. Theft was invented after the _________________________ Age was over.

13. Whom does Cronus marry? ______________________

14. What do the Cyclopes make for Poseidon? ______________________________

15. Whose idea is it to hide baby Zeus and trick Cronus? __________________________

16. Out of the darkness came ____________________ and __________________________.

17. Who is the mother of Cerberus, the Sphinx, and the Chimaera? _________________

18. From Amaltheias hide Zeus makes a _____________________________ called the

_____________________________.

19. Under what mountain is Typhon buried? _________________________________

20. Mother Earth gives Cronus a weapon made of flint. What is it? _______________


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REVIEW #1 (continued)

21. Where does Uranus put the Cyclopes and hundred-handed monsters? ________________

22. Which gods and goddesses does Cronus swallow?

_______________________________ _______________________________

_______________________________ _______________________________

_______________________________

23. What flows in the gods veins instead of blood? __________________________

24. Which Titans defect and fight on Zeus side during the war between the Olympians

and the Titans? __________________________ and _________________________

25. For whom do the Cyclopes and the hundred-handed monsters fight in the war between

the Olympians and the Titans? __________________________________

26. What do the Cyclopes make for Zeus? _______________________________________

27. Who is Zeus first wife? __________________________________

28. Since Cronus fears that his children will want to rule the universe, he

__________________________________ them.

29. Where does Zeus put the Titans when he defeats them? __________________________

30. Which Titan carries the sky on his shoulders? ____________________________

31. What flows from Amaltheias horns? _________________________________ and

________________________________

32. Who sends Typhon and Echidna to fight against Zeus? ___________________________

33. On what mountain do the gods and goddesses live? ____________________________

34. To what island does Rhea take Zeus? __________________________________

35. Whom does Mother Earth marry after Uranus departs? _________________________

36. Which goddess is the rainbow? _________________________

37. Three sets of children born to Gaea and Uranus are ____________________________,

_______________________________, and _________________________________


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Teachers KeyREVIEW #1

1. sprites2. Mother Earth3. magic herb4. twelve six of each5. the goat who nursed baby Zeus6. one eye7. Cronus8. a rock9. smiths and masons10. Father Sky11. cap of invisibility12. Golden

13. Rhea14. trident15. Mother Earth16. Gaea and Uranus17. Echidna18. breastplate, aegis19. Aetna20. sickle21. Tartarus22. Hades, Poseidon, Demeter, Hestia, Hera23. ichor24. Prometheus and Epimetheus25. Zeus and the Olympians26. thunderbolts27. Metis28. swallows29. Tartarus30. Atlas31. ambrosia and nectar32. Mother Earth33. Olympus34. Crete35. Pontus36. Iris37. Titans, Cyclopes, Hekatonchires (hundred-handed monsters)


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HERA


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HeraCrossword Puzzle


Across3. What the word "bosporus" means (two words)4. The beautiful queen of Olympus7. Final destination of Io9. Place where the apple tree was planted (four words)10. Creature who guarded the apple tree (three words)12. Number of eyes that Argus closed when he slept14. Location of the river Inachos16. God who bored Argus to death

Down1. The name of the strait that separates Europe from Asia Minor2. Who the snow-white cow REALLY was5. Killer of Echidna6. Number of eyes that Argus had (two words)8. The "giver" of the little apple tree (two words)9. Creature sent to sting Io11. Creature who received Argus' eyes after he died13. Io's father15. Who the cuckoo REALLY was


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Teachers KeyHera Crossword


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TransformationsThe gods and goddesses are very fond of transforming one thing into another thing. For example

Zeus changed Io into a cow, Zeus changed himself into a cuckoo, and Hera transformed the tail of herpeacock with the eyes of Argus.

Try your hand at transforming a word. JUNO is the Latin name for the queen of the gods, andHERA is the Greek name for the queen of the gods. Transform Juno into Hera by climbing down the wordladder, changing one letter of the word at a time so that the new word matches the definition.

Juno

_________________ The sixth month

_________________ Another word for song

_________________ A fish

_________________ A musical instrument

_________________ An island south of Florida

_________________ A solid block

_________________ A remedy

_________________ Concern

_________________ A rabbit

_________________ Opposite of there

Hera


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Teachers KeyTransformations

Juno

_______June_____ The sixth month

______tune_______ Another word for song

_______tuna____ A fish

_____tuba________ A musical instrument

______Cuba_______ An island south of Florida

_____cube_______ A solid block

______cure _______ A remedy

______care _______ Concern

______hare _______ A rabbit

______here_______ Opposite of there

Hera


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Musical Mythology

Juno

(Tune: Reuben, Reuben, Ive Been Thinking)

Juno, Juno, Ive been thinkingWhy do you act spitefully?

Why do you cause, with such vengeance,Many metamorphoses?

Youre a goddess, queen of heaven,Wife of mighty Jupiter,

But we know he often cheatedWith the nymphs he did prefer.

Jove changed Io to a heifer,Your fly chased her round the world.

Poor Callisto gained a bears shapeThen into the heavens was hurled.

Semele, by Jove, exploded.Bacchus from his thigh was born,

Fearsome plague you caused in AthensPeople sickened night and morn.

Hercules, Joves son, you pesteredFrom his birth with rotten tricks,So the same on great AeneasYour jealousy of Venus fixed.



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Musical Mythology

Hephaestus

(Tune: Turkey in the Straw)

Oh the Greeks had a godAnd Hephaestus was his name

When the Romans talked about himThey said Vulcan meant the same

But whatever name you call himHes as smart as he can be

And hes such a clever blacksmithHe makes shields and jewelry.

Hooray for Vulcan!Look what he makes!

A shield for Achilles.He loves to create.

And we just cant listAll of his arts.

He was lame, but a craftsman.He had beauty in his heart.



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Hephaestus ActivityWhenever a god or goddess wanted something made of metal,

Hephaestus created the most extraordinarily wonderful things. He madea shield and other armor for Achilles at the request of Thetis, robots ofgold in the form of young women who could move and speak, a necklace

for Harmonia, and the invincible sword of Peleus.

Mimnermus, a Greek poet of the seventh century BCE, tells of oneof the works of Hephaestus.

Helios has as his lot toil day after day and there is never any rest either for him or his horses,when rosy-fingered dawn leaving the stream of Ocean makes her way up into the sky.

But a beautiful hollow cup, winged and of precious gold, fashioned by the hands of Hephaestus,bears him, sleeping deeply, from the land of the Hesperides to the country of the Ethiopians,

where he makes his swift chariot and horses stand, until the rising dawn comes.

Vocabulary

In a dictionary, find the meaning of each vocabulary word as it is used in the excerpt above.

lot _________________________________________________________________

bears _________________________________________________________________

fashioned _________________________________________________________________

toil _________________________________________________________________

Questions

1. What are the Hesperides? ____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Where is the land of the Ethiopians? _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

3. Which other characters from literature were physically not beautiful but produced beauty?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Bernice JefferisCleveland Heights, OH


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Teachers KeyHephaestus Activity

Vocabularylot: fate; fortune in lifebears: carriesfashioned: madetoil: work

Questions

1. The Hesperides are daughters of Atlas and Hesperis. They live in a garden far to the west (where thesun sets), and they guard the golden apple tree of Hera. Hesperis, in Latin, means western. This

garden was thought to be near the Atlas Mountains in northern Africa at the western extreme of theMediterranean Sea.

2. The ancient country of Ethiopia mentioned in mythology was located in northern Africa in a dimlydefined region near the Red Sea at the eastern extreme of the Mediterranean Sea. This is wherethe Greeks believed that the sun rose.

3. Ugly DucklingCyrano de BergeracRumplestiltskinHunchback of Notre DameThe Beast in Beauty and the Beast


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More Hephaestus ActivitiesMake a shield

For younger children who may need a beginning place, a large circle drawn around the bottom of awastebasket on tagboard or construction paper serves as the shield. It can be decorated with

scenes from the childs past, present, and future or with objects that symbolize the childscharacteristics. Or it can be decorated simply with designs that are pleasing.

Design a robotAssigning this as a homework task will produce a wide variety of robots. Having a whole classdesign one provides for endless discussion about what, how, and why certain features should beincluded or excluded.

Make jewelryAgain this could be assigned as homework, or found-materials could be providedsuch as paperclips, buttons, and aluminum foil. Old or broken pieces of costume

jewelry could be recycled.

Write the words to a song about Hephaestus, Hera, or ThetisChoose an existing song whose melody is well known. Write one with the whole class, and then letindividuals either write more verses or write new songs.

Write a poem about Hephaestus, Hera, or ThetisRetell the story of Hephaestus fall from the point of view of Hephaestus, Zeus, or one of the otherOlympians.

Research occupationsA smith works in metals. Find out what sort of work these people do.

cooperpottertannerfarrierherderscrivenerdroverwainwright

Write the story into a playMake puppets, create dialogue, and produce a play for the class. You could also use classmatesfor the roles.

Interview Hephaestus, Hera, or ThetisProduce this interview as a radio or television newscast.

Write a news articleCreate the front page of a newspaper describing the event.



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Where Is Lemnos?The locations mentioned in mythology can usually be found on a map.

This is a map of Greece. Locate the following places on the map and label each.

1. Peloponnesus 6. Rhodes 11. Aegean Sea2. Athens 7. Lemnos 12. Mediterranean Sea3. Gulf of Corinth 8. Dardanelles 13. Cyclades4. Ithaca 9. Sea of Marmara 14. Olympia5. Crete 10. Troy

Questions

1. How could you account for so many small islands in this part of the Mediterranean Sea?

_________________________________________________________________________

2. Look in an atlas to find the latitude of this part of the world. _____________________________

3. Compare the Mediterranean climate to the climate where you live. ________________________

__________________________________________________________________________



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Teachers KeyMore Hephaestus Activities: Research Occupations

cooper a person who makes barrels or caskspotter a person who makes earthenware pots or dishestanner a person whose work is changing hide into leather by soaking it in tannin (tannic acid)farrier a person who shoes horsesherder a person who tends a herd of animalsscrivener a scribe or clerkdrover a person who herds animals to marketwainwright a person who builds or repairs wagons

Teachers KeyWhere Is Lemnos?

1. underwater volcanic action

2. approximately 30 to 40 degrees north latitude

3. Mediterranean climates are characterized by wet winters and dry summers. San Francisco, California,in the United States is approximately the same latitude as the Mediterranean Sea in Europe.


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HEPHAESTUS


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Animals and Monsters

This exercise covers materialin dAulaires Book of Greek Myths, pp. 9-30

Word Bank

cow Echidna Hekatonchires

Cyclopes fly peacock

doves gadfly robots

dragon goat Typhon

In the blank, write the type of animal or the name of the monster.

1. My name is Amaltheia. I am Zeus nanny on the island of Crete. _____________________________

2. My name is Io. I was a beautiful girl. Then I met Zeus. _____________________________________

3. Hera sent me to sting Io. I chased her all the way to Egypt. _________________________________

4. We are children of Uranus and Gaea. We help Hephaestus. _________________________________

5. When Aphrodite rose out of the sea, we were waiting to pull her chariot. ________________________

6. I had six baby monsters, and then Argus killed me. ________________________________________

7. Before I played a game of changing shapes, I was Metis. ___________________________________

8. I got my tail decorations from Argus when Hermes bored him to death. _________________________

9. We can think and talk just like real people. _______________________________________________

10. Zeus crushed me under Mount Aetna and now I spit out lava. _______________________________

11. Unfortunately, we are uglier than our brothers, the Cyclopes. _______________________________

12. Mother Earth put me in a garden to guard an apple tree. ___________________________________


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Teachers KeyAnimals and Monsters

1. goat

2. cow

3. gadfly

4. Cyclopes

5. doves

6. Echidna

7. fly

8. peacock

9. robots

10. Typhon

11. Hekatonchires

12. dragon


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More Detailed Information About Aphrodite

Beautiful Aphrodite, goddess of love, was formed from the foam of the sea. Clothed only in helong, fair hair, she was carried on the waves by the breath of the West Wind, Zephyrus, along the coast ofCythera and was finally brought to shore on the island of Cyprus. Flowers sprang from the ground onwhich she walked, and birds sang their greetings to her. She was welcomed by the three Graces, alsocalled the Charites, who dressed her in gorgeous robes and adorned her with jewels.

The Graces conducted her to the assembly of immortals on Mount Olympus. The gods greatlyadmired her beauty, and many wished to marry her. Hera urged Zeus to find a husband for her as quicklyas possible. Although Poseidon, Ares, Dionysus, and Hermes offered to marry her, Zeus gave her to lameugly Hephaestus who promised to make fabulous jewelry for her. Among his gifts was a finely-wovengolden girdle, the cestus, which possessed the magical power to make the person who wore it absolutelyirresistible. Perhaps he was unwise to give her such a gift, for Aphrodite was already so beautiful that fewcould resist her.

Aphrodite had the power to make both gods and mortals fall in love. Only the virgin goddessesAthena, Artemis, and Hestia were able to resist her. Her power often brought great happiness to hevictims, but it sometimes brought sorrows and troubles, too.

Aphrodite often sent Zeus chasing after mortal women. In order to make her feel the effects of heown power, Zeus caused her to fall in love with a mortal, the Trojan prince, Anchises. She appearedbefore Anchises who was working as a shepherd on Mount Ida. She told him that she was the daughter oKing Orteus of Phrygia and that she wished to become his spouse. Anchises agreed, but when she toldhim that she was really a goddess, he was afraid. Aphrodite promised that nothing would happen to him ihe never told anyone of her true identity. The child of Aphrodite and Anchises was Aeneas, a hero of theTrojan War. Aphrodite protected Aeneas, and at the destruction of Troy, helped him to travel to Italy wherehe founded a new land for the Trojans. That land eventually became the land of the Romans. TheRomans were very devoted to Aeneas mother and paid tribute to her as the goddess Venus.

One of her immortal sons, Eros, was her constant companion. He was a winged child who carrieda bow and a quiver of arrows. He was full of mischief and often shot unsuspecting victims with his arrowsThose struck by his arrows were not killed; they fell in love!

Aphrodite had many children by gods, particularly Ares, and mortals. However, when she bathed inthe sea off Cythera near the place where she first appeared, she became young again.

Aphrodite was usually symbolized by the doves which pulled her golden chariot. Other symbolsassociated with her were swans, sparrows, myrtle, and roses.

Barbara GreenCleveland Heights, OH


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More Myths About Aphrodite

You may wish to know more about the story of Aphrodite and her powers. Select one of the

following stories to read.

The Judgment of Paris

Pygmalion

Eros (Cupid) and Psyche

Then share your story by doing one of the following activities.

1. Make a shoe-box diorama to illustrate a scene from the story.

2. Prepare a book with illustrations to tell your version of the story.

3. Draw scenes from the story on fanfold paper. Make a tape recording of the story to accompany yourillustrations.

4. Choose a character from the story and retell the story from your point of view.

5. Write a play based on the story. Prepare puppets and present the play as a puppet show.

6. Create a comic strip version of the story.

Barbara GreenCleveland Heights, OH


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Musical Mythology

Venus

(Tune: Ninety-nine Bottles of Beer on the Wall)

Oh, I saw a young goddess

Who stuck in my mind,

So lovely and fair was she

That now to all others

I simply am blind,

Venus, so lovely, so pretty, so kind.



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APHRODITE


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All of Zeus Relatives


Word Bank

Ares Hades Io TitansCronus Hephaestus Metis TitanessesDemeter Hera Poseidon UranusGaea Hestia Rhea

Fill in the blanks. You will use one of the words in the word bank twice.

1. Who is Zeus grandmother? ______________________________________

2. Who are Zeus brothers? ______________________________________

______________________________________

3. Who is Zeus queen? ______________________________________

4. Who is Zeus grandfather? ______________________________________

5. Who is Zeus mother? ______________________________________

6. Who are Zeus aunts? ______________________________________

7. Who was Zeus first wife? ______________________________________

8. Who are Zeus sisters? ______________________________________

______________________________________

______________________________________

9. Who are Zeus and Heras sons? ______________________________________

______________________________________

10. Who are Zeus uncles? ______________________________________

11. Who is Zeus cow-bride? ______________________________________

12. Who is Zeus father? ______________________________________

After you have filled in all the information, create a family tree showing all of Zeus relatives.


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Who Could I Be? #1


Word Bank

Aphrodite Eris HeraAres Eros IoArgus Famine PainCyclopes Hephaestus Robots

1. My golden apple causes war.

Times of peace are such a bore! Who am I? __________________________

2. I was a girl, but now I eat grass.I hope this punishment will pass. Who am I? __________________________

3. I like my jewelry and my doves,But Ares is the god I love. Who am I? __________________________

4. We serve Hephaestus underground.Better helpers cant be found. Who are we? ________________________

5. A bodyguard for one small cow.

My eyes are on the peacock now. Who am I? __________________________

6. I let my special arrows fly.A pretty girl now loves a guy. Who am I? __________________________

7. We help Hephaestus walk around.We prop him up so he can pound. Who are we? ________________________

8. I saw a cloud up in the sky.Why was it there, I wondered. Why? Who am I? __________________________

9. We follow war; we always do

With Oblivion and Panic, too. Who are we? ________________________

________________________10. I like blood, but not my own.

The deeds I do you cant condone. Who am I? __________________________

11. I joined my parents argument.I shouldnt have. My legs are bent. Who am I? __________________________


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Teachers KeyAll of Zeus Relatives

1. Gaea

2. Poseidon, Hades

3. Hera

4. Uranus

5. Rhea

6. Titanesses

7. Metis

8. Hestia, Hera, Demeter

9. Ares, Hephaestus

10. Titans

11. Io

12. Cronus

Teachers KeyWho Could I Be?1. Eris

2. Io

3. Aphrodite

4. Cyclopes

5. Argus

6. Eros

7. Robots

8. Hera

9. Pain, Famine

10. Ares

11. Hephaestus


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Hephaestus / Aphrodite / AresCrossword Puzzle


Olympian Gods Packet

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Transcript of Olympian Gods Packet