Oh Rocks, rocks, how do I love you? Let me count the

ways.

Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks.

The Rock Cycle

The sequence of the rock cycle depends on the processes that change rocks Weathering Erosion Deposition Pressure Heat

Processes of the Rock Cycle

Weathering The breaking down of

rock by wind, ice, and heat

Erosion The process of

sediment moving from place to place by wind, water, ice, or gravity

Deposition When sediment

moved by erosion comes to rest

Heat and Pressure When sedimentary

rock is squeezed by layers of sediment, heat and pressure may transform sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock

Igneous Rock

Form from cooling magma

Type of igneous rock depends on: What’s in the magma? Time to cool

The longer the cooling time, the more crystals will grow

Igneous Rock: Intrusive or Extrusive

Intrusive Formed below Earth’s

surface Coarse-grained Likely many crystals

Extrusive Formed from eruptions Very small or no

crystals

Sedimentary Rocks: Formation

Weathering Rocks become

fragments Erosion

Rock/mineral fragments moved from one place to another

Deposition Layer-making

Sedimentary Rocks: What’s in them?

Clastic Fragments of rock

cemented together by quartz, calcite, etc.

Chemical Solutions of dissolved

minerals and water Organic

Made from fossilized plant/animal remains

Metamorphic Rock

Literally means “changed shape”

Rock changed by high temperature and pressure into new rock

Mostly happens deep beneath the Earth

How the Shape Change Takes Place Contact

Metamorphism When magma moves

near, or touches, existing rock and changes it.

Regional Metamorphism When pressure deep

below the Earth from tectonic plate movements deforms existing rock

The Rock Cycle:Summary The processes of the rock cycle create

three types of rocks Igneous (made from cooled magma)

Sedimentary (layers of weathered and eroded sediment compacted together)

Metamorphic (rock changed by extreme heat and pressure)

The Rock Cycle