NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTRE

Offshore Wind Energy:

status and challenges

Ignacio Martí Pérez

Deputy Technical Director for R&D

National Renewable Energy Center of Spain

CENER

imarti@cener.com

www.cener.com http://iap.esa.int/c/eare

Contents

1. The European renewable energies strategy.

2. Wind energy status.

3. Wind energy offshore.

4. Offshore wind challenges.

EU 2020 Climate and Energy Targets

3

01 EU strategy

Strategic energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)

The Renewable Energy Directive

4

1. Sets mandatory national targets for renewable energy shares, including 10% renewable share for transport, in 2020

2. Creates flexibility by facilitating cooperation between Member States to help reach targets cost effectively

3. Requires national renewable energy action plans

4. Requires reduction of administrative and regulatory barriers, improvements in provision of information and training and improves renewables’ access to the electricity grid

5. Creates a sustainability regime for biofuels

01 EU strategy

National Renewable Energy Action Plans

5

• Planned growth to 2020 leading to 20.6% by 2020

• Majority of Member States to reach or exceed their national targets; 2 -4 MS will partly rely on imports using cooperation mechanisms

• Total renewable energy consumption will more than double from 99 Mtoe (2005) to 245 Mtoe (2020)

• Combined EU renewable energy shares in the 3 sectors in 2020 (projections):

• Electricity from renewable sources – 34% • Heating & cooling from renewable sources– 21,5% • Transport from renewable sources– 11%

01 EU strategy

6

RES costs

Source: RE-SHAPING

Deployment needed for cost reduction: favourable “market pull”

environment “technology push”

through R&D

01 EU strategy

Impact of Wind Energy 02 Wind Energy Status

Source EWEA

02 Wind Energy Status

Wind is leading

Source EWEA

Annual and cumulative offshore installed capacity in MW 2000 - 2009

03 Wind Energy Offshore

Offshore wind is growing

Source EWEA

03 Wind Energy Offshore

Big potential market

Source EWEA

Technical challenges 04 Challenges

Technical challenges

5 MW RePower

04 Challenges

Gravity Base Monopile

Technical challenges

SHALLOW WATERS (< 20 m)

04 Challenges

TRANSITIONAL DEPTHS (20-50 m)

JACKETS

Technical challenges 04 Challenges

Technical challenges

DEEP WATERS ( > 50 m)

04 Challenges

Source NREL

Technical challenges

DEEP WATERS ( > 50 m)

04 Challenges

Other challenges and opportunities

1. Grid connection can be a limiting factor if the EU grid is not properly designed.

2. Legislation and administrative procedures.

3. Offshore wind is a rapidly maturing and increasing competitive market. Today Europe industry is leading.

4. Reliability is one of the key factors to reduce the cost of energy.

5. Some possible bottlenecks can influence the development of offshore wind:

a) Specialised vessels. b) Submarine cables. c) Adequate ports.

04 Challenges

Ignacio Martí imarti@cener.com www.cener.com http://iap.esa.int/c/eare