Relate a cell to a factory! Compare and Contrast a prokaryotic cell with a eukaryotic cell.
Objectives Describe the stages of the cell cycle. Compare rates of division in different cell types....
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Transcript of Objectives Describe the stages of the cell cycle. Compare rates of division in different cell types....
![Page 1: Objectives Describe the stages of the cell cycle. Compare rates of division in different cell types. Identify factors that limit cell size.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062909/5a4d1bb67f8b9ab0599cee3c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
5.1 The Cell Cycle
KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
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5.1 The Cell Cycle
Objectives• Describe the stages of the cell cycle.• Compare rates of division in different cell types.• Identify factors that limit cell size.
![Page 3: Objectives Describe the stages of the cell cycle. Compare rates of division in different cell types. Identify factors that limit cell size.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062909/5a4d1bb67f8b9ab0599cee3c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
5.1 The Cell Cycle
Vocabulary• Cell Cycle
– Pattern growth, DNA replication, and cell division that occurs in a eukaryotic cell.
• Mitosis– Process by which a cell divides it nucleus and
contents.• Cytokinesis
– Process by which the cell cytoplasm divides.
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5.1 The Cell Cycle
The cell cycle has four main stages.
• The cell cycle is a regular pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division.
![Page 5: Objectives Describe the stages of the cell cycle. Compare rates of division in different cell types. Identify factors that limit cell size.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062909/5a4d1bb67f8b9ab0599cee3c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5.1 The Cell Cycle
• The main stages of the cell cycle are gap 1, synthesis, gap 2, and mitosis.
– Gap 1 (G1): cell growth and normal functions
• Mitosis occurs only if the cell is large enough and the DNA undamaged.
– DNA synthesis (S): copies DNA
– Gap 2 (G2): additional growth
– Mitosis (M): includes division of the cell nucleus (mitosis) and division of the cell cytoplasm (cytokinesis)
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5.1 The Cell Cycle
Cells divide at different rates.• The rate of cell division varies with the need for those
types of cells.
• Some cells are unlikely to divide (G0).
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5.1 The Cell Cycle
Cell size is limited.
• Volume increases faster than surface area.
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5.1 The Cell Cycle
• Surface area must allow for adequate exchange of materials.
– Cell growth is coordinated with division.
– Cells that must be large have unique shapes.
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5.1 The Cell Cycle
Question/Answer• What are the four main stages of the cell cycle?
– Gap 1, synthesis, Gap 2, mitosis• What can you infer about the relative amount of time a
cell spends in each stage?– An actively dividing cell spends the least amount of
time in the mitosis stage. The length of Gap 1 varies the most and is usually the longest.
• Do you think a skin cell would have a long or short G1 stage? Explain why.– A skin cell would probably have a short G1. Skin cells
undergo a lot of wear and tear because they are exposed on the outside of the body. Therefore, they are probably replaced quickly.
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5.1 The Cell Cycle
Question/Answer• Which has the larger ratio of surface area to volume, a
tennis ball or a soccer ball? Explain your reasoning.– A tennis ball, because volume increases more rapidly
than does surface area as a ball gets larger.