NutritionNutrition = the

process of using food for growth, repair tissues and getting energy

Two Types:AutotrophicHeterotrophic

Autotrophs (Producers): Energy FoodPhotoautotrophsWhat does “photo” mean?

Photo = LightWhere do you think that the living things that

are photoautotrophs get their energy? What type of energy do they use?SunlightEx. Green plants

Ah-toe-trofs

Examples of Autotrophs

Heterotrophs (Consumers): Food EnergyGet energy by eating

“food” made by other living things

Three typesHerbivoresCarnivoresOmnivores

Hea-tur-oh-trofs

Digestion: Getting Energy from FoodDigestion = the process in which

food is broken down into smaller substances (biomolecules)

What are some biomolecules (organic and inorganic compounds)? Starch, carbohydrates, sugar,

lipids.Smaller substances are then

used to make energyThey also help living things

grow and repair cellsThere are 4 stages:

Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, and Egestion

Di-jes-chun

1) IngestionPutting food into the

body (through the mouth OF COURSE!)

In-jes-chun

2) DigestionThe transformation

of food into nutrients (smaller substances) that the body can absorb.

Mechanical and Chemical Digestion

Mechanical DigestionFood broken down

into smaller piecesChemical Digestion

Food broken down into biomolecules

Your mouth does both!Teeth = Mechanical

DigestionSaliva (Spit) =

Chemical Digestion contains enzymes

Meh-kan-eh-kal and Khem-eh-cul

3) AbsorptionThe movement of nutrients (biomolecules)

from the digestive system into the bloodThe blood then takes them to the cells

Ab-sorp-chun

4) EgestionEgestion = the elimination of waste products

from the digestive system. Waste Products Feces Body only takes out what it needs!

Ee-jes-chun

Types of Digestive SystemGastric Cavity Digestive tubeA sac lined with cellsStructure of animals that

use only intracellular digestionDigestion ONLY occurs

inside of cells

A tube with a place where food enters (a mouth) and a place where it exits (an anus)

Structure of animals that use extracellular digestionDigestion takes place

outside of cells

Gas-trik

Digestive Tube Mouth Carbohydrate digestion

Esophagus Transports food from the mouth to

the stomach Stomach

Acids break down food through chemical digestion

Small Intestine Digestion and the beginning of

absorption Large Intestine

Waste converted into feces Some absorption

Anus and Rectum Removal of waste products

Accessory Glands Salivary Glands, Pancreas, and

Liver Make enzymes to break down food

into specific biomolecules

IngestionNone

Digestion

Digestion and Absorption

Absorption and Egestion

Egestion

Respiratory SystemWhat goes in must come

out!Waste produced when we

breathe just like when we eat

Respiratory System is in control of the exchange of gasesOxygen inhaledCarbon Dioxide exhaled

Gas exchange 4 types of Respiration

Systems and different ways that gas is exchanged in different types of animals

1) Cutaneous RespirationGas exchange

occurs through the skinExample:

Earthworm

Que-tain-ee-ous

2) Branchial RespirationGas exchange

occurs through gillsExample: Fish

Bran-key-ul

Tracheal RespirationGas exchange occurs

through internal tubes (called tracheae)

Oxygen enters through the holes in the tracheae called spiracles

Oxygen travels through tracheae in tunnels called tracheoles that carry the air directly to the cells

Tray-key-ulTray-key-ols

Spear-ah-kuls

Pulmonary RespirationGas exchange occurs in

the lungsLungs are internal

cavities with thin, damp walls full of blood vessels

Respiration occurs with inhalation and exhalationInhalation

Air taken into the lungsExhalation

Air expelled from the lungs

Pul-mun-air-ee

Activities

LET´S REVISE:

PAGE 32: QUESTIONS 1 AND 2