Nutrition,Carbohydrates and Lipids

Carbohydrates

• Fiber– Insoluble – cellulose– Soluble – gums and pectins– Benefits?

• Keeps you regular• Decreases chances of some cancers• Decreases blood cholesterol levels

– Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains– Most in US get only half they should have

Energy Storage

• Carbohydrates already partially oxidized– Not as much energy/g (4 Cal/g)– Not too good for animals since they need to

move around

• Hydrocarbons have more than twice as much energy/g

• Fats & oils are much more like HC’s

Lipids

• Insoluble in water– Large hydrocarbon sections

• Have a greasy feel

• Soluble in organic solvents

• 95% of lipids in diet are fats and oils

Fats and Oils

• Triglycerides– Three fatty acids on a glycerol (glycerin)

Fats and Oils

• Triglycerides– Three fatty acids on a glycerol (glycerin)

• Saturated fats have saturated fatty acids

• Unsaturated fats have unsaturated acids

Fats and Oils

• Triglycerides– Three fatty acids on a glycerol (glycerin)

• Saturated fats have saturated fatty acids

• Unsaturated fats have unsaturated acids

• Saturated fats pack better – solids

• Unsaturated fats don’t pack as well – liquids

• Common oils and fats

H20 – C7

• 24 - 26, 28, 29, 32, 34 - 36, 47 - 49, 53, 61