Nutrient management in California rice systemsrice.ucanr.edu/files/255595.pdf · 2017. 2. 1. ·...
Transcript of Nutrient management in California rice systemsrice.ucanr.edu/files/255595.pdf · 2017. 2. 1. ·...
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Bruce Linquist
January 26 and 27, 2017
Nutrient management in California rice
systems
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Outline
• 2016 Rice Yield Contest
• Variety usage survey
• Boosting yields and maintaining efficiency
– Assessing need for top-dress N applications
– K fertility
– Do temperatures affect yields? If so, what can we do about it?
– Time of planting
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Yield Contest
• 2015 Pilot study – Butte County
• 2016 Sacramento Valley
• Minimum of 3 ac from a 10 ac plot
• Yield: 14% moisture minus dockage
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43
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Yield Contest Winners2016
Joe Richter115.0 cwt/acM-205
Josh Sheppard122.5 cwt/acM-105
Steve Willey119.4 cwt/acM-206
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Rice Yield Contest: what have we learned?• Yields have ranged from 108.4 to 126.9 cwt/ac
• Commercial varieties have good yield potential
• High yields does not reduce quality– Head:63-68
– Total 69-72
• High yields were achieved with solid management practices– Total N applied across fields ranged from 162-180
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Rice Yield Contest
• Bruce Linquist
• January 19 and 20, 2016
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California variety usage
• Questions are for growers or PCAs
• Grower
– Base questions on primary region and practice (conventional vs organic)
• PCA
– Base questions on one grower you work with
– Use growers primary region and practice
– Preferably not a grower in the room
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Top-dress N applications: Is it necessary?
• Leaf-color chart
• SPAD meter
• Evaluating the potential for using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)
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N uptake at PI vs yield
• Requires 125 lb N in crop at PI to achieve maximum yield
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Gra
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ield
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N Uptake at PI (lbs N/acre)
RES 2016
Davis 2016
RES 2015
Arbuckle 2015
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NDVI vs N uptake at PI
• NDVI of 0.76 is a good indication of 125 lb N/ac N uptake
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NDVI
RES 2016
Davis 2016
RES 2015
Arbuckle 2015
29 Sites
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When do top-dress N applications increase yields?
• 2016 research
• 5 preplant N rates
– 0 to 200 lb/ac
• 3 top-dress N rates
– 0, 22 and 44 lb N/ac
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Yield response to top-dress N applications
• Confirms that 125 lbN/ac at PI is adequate
• Adding N when N uptake is below 125 lb/ac increases yields
• Adding N when N uptake is above 125 lb/ac decreases yield
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nag
e in
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in Y
ield
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h T
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N Uptake at PI (lbs N/acre)
RES 2016 22 lbs/acre topdress
44 lbs/acre topdress
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Davis 2016 22 lbs/acre topdress
44 lbs/acre topdress
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Top-dress N applications: Field trials
• Research will be continued
• Look at accessing N deficiencies with drone
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Potassium
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Flag leaf K vs. soil K
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Soil K (ppm)
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24%50%
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K fixation
• Some soils low in extractable K also fix K
• Soils tend to be on eastern and southern Sacramento Valley
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Cold stress during booting had greatest effect on yields
(1000 lb/ac)
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What does this mean for management?
• Cold stress during booting results in blanking
• Cold stress starts when night time temperatures drop below 56 degrees.
• Low temperatures occur in all regions of the valley but more in south
• Use suitable varieties for the region
– M-206 is a good variety for cold areas
• Raise water in field to cover emerging panicle.
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Optimal planting times
• Planting time determined– Temperature– Time to work the seedbed
• From May to mid June planting dates the earlierthe better.
• Effect is significant but not large– May 1 vs May 30 about 6
sacks (20 lb/ac/day reduction)
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Website• Website overview
– Meetings, news, newsletters, blogs, presentations, reports, contacts, yield contest, guidelines
http://rice.ucanr.edu/
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CIMIS Station map
2 new stationsBiggsWilliams
1 station removedColusa
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Thank you