Nuclear Security and Response in Viet Nam · 2020. 12. 6. · 3rd International Regulators...

3rd International Regulators Conference on Nuclear Security

Marrakech, Marocco 01-04 October, 2019

Nuclear Security and Response in Viet Nam

DUONG QUOC HUNG

Deputy Director General

Vietnam Agency for Radiation and Nuclear Safety

(VARANS)1

Viet Nam

Polpulation: > 90 million

Area: 332,698 km2

1. Introduction

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▪ Radioactive Sources

➢ Approx. 2000 radioactive sources are in use (35% in

health care, 30% in industry, 21 in research and education

and 14% in other applications), ~ 1800 radioactive

sources in storages

➢ Sources of category 1: 29 Sources in use, 3 in storage.

▪ A Research Reactor at Da Lat 500kW

35%

30%

21%

14%

Health

Industries

Research, Edu

Others

1. Introduction

1. Introduction

Export, Import (Customs)

➢ 9 International airports of which 2 major Airports: Noi Bai and

Tan Son Nhat (130 000 arrival passengers/day; 115 000 departure

passengers/day; goods: 250 tons (inbound and outbound)/day

➢ 49 Seaports

4 seaports of category IA (ships of greater than 100000 T),

including Hai Phong, Cai Mep (Ba Ria – Vung Tau)

2015: Cai Mep: 1.34 million TEUs

2015: Hai Phong seaports: 4.1 million TEUs

➢ Numerous land border crossing points (under Border Control

Command)

➢ Coast (under Coast Guards)

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Designed by Luu Nam Hai

2. Legislation and Regulations

Regulations (Circulars)

Decrees, PM Decisions

International treatiesAtomic Energy Law

Laws

Technical Standards

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2. Legislation and Regulations

Vietnam exclusively uses nuclear energy for peaceful purposes:

▪ “Strategy for Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy up to 2020”approved by the Government (03 Jan 2006):

• Commitment to peaceful use of nuclear energy;

• Strengthening the legislative and regulatory framework;

• Promoting to participation in international legal instrumentsin the field of nuclear energy and nuclear security.

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3. International Instruments

Vietnam has acceded the following international Instruments:

▪ Viet Nam has acceded almost all international instruments in the field of nuclear energy.

▪ On 14 July 2016, Viet Nam President signed Resolution for the accession to the International Convention for the Suppresion of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism. Viet Nam becomes a party to the Convention in November 2016

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3. International Instruments

International Legal Treaties:▪ Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (1982);

▪ Safeguards Agreement (1989);

▪ Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1987);

▪ Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological

Emergency (1987);

▪ Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (signed 1996, ratified 2006);

▪ The South East Asia Treaty on the Nuclear Weapon Free Zone (1997);

▪ Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources and

Supplementary Guidance on Import and Export of Radioactive Sources

(2006);

▪ Additional Protocol (signed in 2007, ratified in Sept 2012).

▪ Convention on Nuclear Safety (April 2010);

▪ Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (in force Nov

2012) and its Amendment (2012);

▪ Joint Conventions on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on theSafety of Radioactive Waste Management8

4. Implementation of Nuclear Security

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▪ July 2011, the Integrated Nuclear Security Support Plan (INSSP)

was developed for Viet Nam.

▪ December 2014, workshop for updating the INSSP was organised.

− Participants: Ministry of Public Security , Government Office,

Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Foreign

Affairs, General Department of Custom, MOST



• Establishing national DBT

➢ Organized, with IAEA support, Workshop on DBT Development Methodology (August 2013),

Workshop on Threat Assessment and Developing and Maintaining DBT (April 2014)

➢ Established a National Working Group with representatives from all relevant agencies for

developing DBT.

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• Enhanced international cooperation

➢ Cooperated with US DOE for physical protection of radiation facilities

since 2006 under Global Threat Reduction Initiative (GTRI)

➢ Signed MOU with JAEA (2010), KINAC (2013)

➢ Signed trilateral arrangement on RADLOT with IAEA, ROK, for

tracking radioactive sources

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Activities under cooperation with the IAEA

• TOT Workshop for front line officers (September 2012)

• Workshop on DBT Development Methodology (August 2013)

• Workshop on Operational Coordination for Effective Response

to Detection Alarm (October 2013)

• Meeting of VARANS, MPS and IAEA (September 2013)

• Training Course for Front Line Officers and Mobile Support Experts on

Procedures for Radiation Detection Equipment (Jan 2014)


5. Security Implementation Update

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❖ International Response Training Course on Nuclear Plan for Radiation facility (April 2018)

❖ International Response Training Course on Security Plan for Radiation facility (May 2018)

❖ Workshop on Contingency Plan (July 2018)

❖ Workshop on Site Security Plan Development (July 2018)



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• Improved physical protection system for 24 facilities with

radioactivity greater than 1000 Ci.

• Provided training for radiation facility personnel



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Established Radioactive source tracking system

On the 26 February 2014, Viet

Nam, the Republic of Korea and

the IAEA signed the "Letter of

Intent" to implement a Pilot

Project for Radioactive Source

Location Tracking System

(RADLOT) in Viet Nam

❖ Distributed tracking devices

to facilities with mobile

sources in September 2017

❖ Contributing to the security

of radioactive sources used

for NDT

VARANS CONTROL CENTER

USEROPERATOR



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Implementation of NS response plan


Developing Detection Capability Activities under the IAEA – EU Joint Action Project

▪ Goal: to strengthen nuclear security in supported countries.

▪ Cooperating with VARANS and the General Department of Viet

Nam Customs to strengthen national infrastructure for radiation

monitoring at border through the provision of radiation

detection equipments

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▪ IAEA Nuclear Security project:

▪ 12 RPMs installed in Noi Bai

International airport. The system is

in operation 2014



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Under the IAEA – EU Joint Action Project

12 RPMs installed in Noi Bai International

airpor and The Alarm support center

(ASC) of the Integrated Nuclear Security

Network (INSN)



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Under the IAEA – EU Joint Action Project

Goals: strengthening national infrastructure for radiation

monitoring at border gates through the provision of radiation

detection equipments:

❖ Noi Bai Arrival Terminal is fully covered with RMPs

❖ More RPMs will be installed in Tan Son Nhat and Da Nang

Airports.

❖ Provide radiation detection hand-held equipments for VARANS,

Customs and K10



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Established Coordination for National Alarm Response

❖ Joint Circular No. 112/2015/TTLT-BTC-BKHCN (ConOp),

providing mechanism for cooperation between VARANS and

Customs

❖ Decision No. 2353/QD-TCHQ (SOP), specifying the procedure

for customs officers to handle detection alarm



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Under the Megaports Initiative❖ 8 RPMs and related systems

installed at Cai Mep – Thi Vai, Ba Ria – Vung Tau. The system is in operation 2014

❖ 8 RPMs and related systems installed at Cat Lai, HCM. The system is in operation 2014


6. Nuclear Security for MPE

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Prime Minister

Ministry of Science and Technology

VARANS

Ministry of Finance

General Department of

Vietnam Customs

Ministry of Public Security

General Department of

Security

Vietnam Leaders Security

Command (K10)

Ministry of National Defence

Vietnam Coast Guard

Vietnam Border Defence Force

Local Government

Department of Public Security

Department of Science and Technology

Department of Health

Other

Vietnam’s Nuclear Security for MPE Architecture

Architecture



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• Ministry of Public Security:

▪ General Department of Security (has reformed

organization): Assist the Minister in managing and

administering on Foreign Security

▪ Vietnam Leaders Security Command (K10): protect senior

officials of the, protect work areas, activities and

conferences of the Government.

• Vietnam Agency for Radiation and Nuclear Safety (VARANS):

assist the in performing safety, security and safeguards in

atomic energy field.

• Local Government: Police, Department of Science and

Technology, Local Fire-fighter, Medical, Military Units are main

responsible for ensuring general security.

Architecture



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• General Department of Vietnam Customs: State management

over customs of import, export, exit, entry and transit activities

of Vietnam, fight against smuggling or illegal transportation of

goods.

• Ministry of National Defence: manages, coordinates and

supervises military affairs, including all military units,

paramilitary units, and similar agencies in the country.

• Other: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Transportation ...

Architecture



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❖ Joint Nuclear Security Action Plan

for Hung King Temple Festival

❖ 4/2016, The IAEA supports Vietnam to ensure nuclear security for the Hung King Temple festival



Joint Nuclear Security Action Plan

for Hung King Temple Festival

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Hung King Temple Festival

K10

Phu ThoProvincial Agencies

U.S. DOE/NNSA

IAEA’s Nuclear Security Division

VARANS



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❖ APEC 2017

❖ 11/2017, Vietnam ensure nuclear security for the APEC Vietnam 2017



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APEC 2017

Implementation of NS response plan

7. Radioactive Incidents

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▪ September 2017: discovering depleted uranium material

at the scrap purchasing facility in Hung Yen province

located about 100 km south of Hanoi

▪ April 2018: Radioactive contamination was detected in a

container of used construction machines originating from

an Asian country imported into Vietnam via Cat Lai port,

Ho Chi Minh City. Ho Chi Minh

▪ April, May and December 2018: Detecting Ra-226

radioactive sources and NDT radiography equipment

during the domestic purchasing and importing scrap at

Vina Kyoei Steel Co., Ltd. (Ba Ria - Vung Tau )

▪ Recently: detected radioactive contamination in some

containers containing metal scrap and finished steel when

imported into Hai Phong port.

7. Radioactive Incidents

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➢ Detection System at Noi Bai International Airport: detecting 03 casesof illegal transportation of radioactive sources into Vietnam

➢ August 2017: Passengers from transported radioactive source Cs-137

January 2019: Passengers from brought a deck of cards with I-125

March 2019: passengers from brought decks of cards containing I-125

Evaluation the effectiveness

➢ System at Cat Lai port: detects used equipment contaminated byradioactive contamination in 2018

➢ Radiation detection cases in goods containers at Hai Phong port: Itwas notified by the US side to Vietnam’s Authority

➢ Vina Kyoei Steel Company: detected some cases of radioactivesources mixed in scrap metal.


▪ Establishing an effectively independent and technically competent

regulatory body is one of key elements of Nuclear Security.

▪ International cooperation is important in Nuclear Security.

▪ …………..

8. Conclusion

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For more information, please visit our website: http://www.varans.vn

Thank you for your attention ! 33

Nuclear Security and Response in Viet Nam · 2020. 12. 6. · 3rd International Regulators...

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