NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SAFETY SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS FOR NUCLEAR RADIATION SPECTROMETRY Description...

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Sem iconductor D etectorsfor N uclear R adiation Spectrom etry From Science to Business W orkshop 11-12 O ctober2006 Kyiv Prof. Litovchenko Petro (380-44)525-37 44 E m ail: [email protected] Institute forN uclearResearch ofN ationalA cadem y ofScience ofU kraine Kyiv

Transcript of NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SAFETY SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS FOR NUCLEAR RADIATION SPECTROMETRY Description...

Page 1: NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SAFETY SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS FOR NUCLEAR RADIATION SPECTROMETRY Description Semiconductor detectors take one of the relevant places.

Semiconductor Detectors for NuclearRadiation Spectrometry

From Science to BusinessWorkshop

11-12 October 2006Kyiv

Prof. Litovchenko Petro(380-44) 525-37 44

E mail: [email protected] for Nuclear Research

of National Academy of Science of UkraineKyiv

Page 2: NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SAFETY SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS FOR NUCLEAR RADIATION SPECTROMETRY Description Semiconductor detectors take one of the relevant places.

NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SAFETY

SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS FOR NUCLEAR RADIATION SPECTROMETRY

Description

Semiconductor detectors take one of the relevant places among devices of a nuclear spectrometry. Fundamental advantages of semiconductor detectors of nuclear particles: high energy resolution, linearity of characteristics in wide energy region for different particles; possibility provided with good geometry of experiments; not sensitivity to magnetic fields.

Depending on nuclear - physical problems the detectors of various types will be utillized. The Department of Radiation Physics at Kyiv Institute for Nuclear Research has developed and produced the detectors of following types:

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1. Surface - barrier detectors of a total absorption (Е-detectors) on the basis of high-ohmic silicon n- and p- type of conductivity for a spectrometry of nuclear radiations.E-detector characteristics:Width of sensitive region 3003000 Reverse voltage 100 400 VEnergy resolution 1%

2. Detectors of specific energy losses of charged particles (dE/dx-detectors) for operation in telescopes for definition of a spectrum of masses of charged particles participating in composite nuclear reactions.dE/dx-detector characteristics:Width of sensitive region 20 200 Reverse voltage 50 100 VEnergy resolution 1%

3. Lithium-drifted silicon detectors (Si (Li)-detectors) on the basis of silicon compensated to lithium, for a spectrometry of charged particles.Si(Li)-detector characteristics:Width of sensitive region 500 5000 Reverse voltage 100 500 VEnergy resolution 1%

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Напівпровідникові детектори ядерних випромінювань

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Innovative Aspect and Main Advantages:

The developed semiconductor detectors will be utillizedin nuclear-physical measurements on charged particleaccelerators. The detectors have a high energy resolution,considerable working squares and broad interval of width ofsensitive field.

Areas of Application:

The detectors will be utillized for a spectrometry ofnuclear radiations.

Stage of Development:

The detectors are developed and are produced withdifferent performance parameters for different nuclear-physical problems.

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Двомірний EЕ спектр продуктів реакцій14С+14N, знятий за допомогою E-детекторівз товщиною 2050 мкм і Е-детектора з тов-щиною 800 мкм.Видно, що надійно ідентифіковані продуктиреакцій по зарядам в інтервалі Z=27.

Спектри заряджених частинок під кутом 30о

реакції CD2+d, при енергіях дейтронівЕd=4 МеВ та Еd=6 МеВ, зняті за допомогоюдетектора на основі нейтронно-легованогокремнію з товщиною чутливої області 2 мм.і площею 0,8 см2.

E (

кан

ал)

Е (канал)

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Nеф в залежності від 1 МеВ нейтронного еквівалентного флюенсу для стандартних

(темні позначки) і попередньо опромінених (відкриті позначки) приладів. Прямі лінії являються лінійною підгонкою експериментальних даних. Також представлені величини — швидкість введення акцепторів. Неточність величин одержана при підгонці експериментальних даних до прямих ліній.

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Таблиця 2.1 Порівняння значення попередньо опромінених, стандартних і окислених діодів.

values for preirradiated andreference devices (cm-1)

values [18] for oxygenated andstandard devices (cm-1)

Попередньоопромінені

діоди

Контрольнідіоди

Окислені діоди Стандартнідіоди

0.0088±0.0009 0.0172±0.0001 0.0244±0.0024 0.0248±0.0008

0.0069±0.0003 0.0205±0.0008 0.0164±0.0004

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CONCLUSIONS:

1. Semiconductor detectors are among the most precise devices employed for spectral analysis of nuclear radiation due to their high energy resolution and possibility of divided on masses with high accuracy.

2. Position-sensitive detectors have position resolution of some microns.

3. Preirradiation of semiconductors and doping by isovalent impurities are the progressive methods for increasing of radiation hardness of silicon and other materials due to the creation the sinks for initial radiation defects.

4. Application the neutron-transmutation doped silicon for developing of detectors leads to increasing of stability their characteristics and permits to produce the detectors with improved parameters.