Notes #1: The Agricultural Revolution. Peasants in the Middle Ages used communal farming. –...
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![Page 1: Notes #1: The Agricultural Revolution. Peasants in the Middle Ages used communal farming. – Farmers used this system for hundreds of years. – It involved.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649f385503460f94c552f6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Notes #1: The Agricultural Revolution
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Peasants in the Middle Ages used communal farming .
– Farmers used this system for hundreds of years.
– It involved subsistence farming; meaning farmers grew enough to feed themselves.
– They used a three field-system (2 planted; 1 left fallow or empty)
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Three-Field System
Oats BarleyFallow
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There were advantages and disadvantages to this system.
Advantages: •People worked together•No one was given an unfair advantage •Created a sense of community
Disadvantages:•Did not encourage experimental farming •Inefficient crop production
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Innovative Dutch & English farmers help create the Agricultural Revolution.
• The introduction of fertilizer to renew soil• Use of soil mixing resulted in higher crop yields• Crop rotation to produce larger crops & restore
overused soil
• Jethro Tull develops the seed drill
• Farmers develop journals to educate others
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Seed Drill
Almanac
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Crop Rotation
Field 1Barley
Field 2Oats
Field 3Clover
Field 4Turnips
Manor House
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The Enclosure Movement involved the taking over of small tracts of land to create larger fields.
Results of the enclosure movement:
–Increased production & profits–Fewer workers needed – farmers lose
jobs & land–Large land owners controlled more land
& became richer. –Farmers begin to migrate to the cities
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Improved farm production lead to a population explosion.
Immediate reasons: – better food production, – reduced famine & – people eating better and healthier
Long term reasons: – better hygiene and sanitation – improved medical care, – lower death rate
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The development of New Technology spurred on the Industrial Revolution.
New sources of energy: – Coal– Watermills – Windmills
James Watt & the development of the steam engine
Improved iron was used in machines, steam engines & railroads
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Iron and Coal
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Steam Engine
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Transportation