Not Your Father's NPO

8/11/2019 Not Your Father's NPO

1/22

NOT YOUR FATHERSNPO 1

Running head:NOT YOUR FATHERSNPO

This Is Not Your FathersNPO:

A Study on how Non-Profit, Charitable, and Non-Government Organizations are using

Technology to Raise Money and/or Awareness of Issues

Karl P. Marten

Student ID 3115283

April 3, 2014


2/22


3/22


This Is Not Your Fathers NPO:

A Study on how Non-Profit, Charitable, and Non-Government Organizations are using

Technology to Raise Money and/or Awareness of Issues

Introduction

Do you remember the 1988 Oldsmobile ad featuring William Shatner and his daughter?

(Glasser, 2008) It was part of an advertising campaign Oldsmobile ran to try and reinvent its

image and make it appealing to a new generation, highlighting the new technology in their

vehicles. Non-profit organizations (NPOs), charities, and other non-government organizations

(NGOs) likewise are using new technology to try and reinvent [modernize] themselves to make

them relevant in todays world and to raise money and/or awareness of issues.

A Changing World / New Technologies

The non-profit sector has always been considered to be the poor boy of the three sectors

(Government, Business and Non-Profit); a technological backwater of sorts. A recent study by

John Hopkins University has found this assumption to be, for the most part, false (Geller,

Abramson, & de Leon, 2010). The three main findings of this study show that the non-profit

sector rely on a range of current information technologies for both administrative functions and

program and service delivery but they are not content with the extent of technological integration

in their program and service delivery; lack of funding, time, and expertise are their biggest

barriers.

Back Office (Administrative) Software

Almost all of the respondents to the Hopkins study indicated they used information

technology (IT) for their accounting and financial matters. A large percentage also indicated that


4/22


they used IT for communicating externally and internally (email, etc.), tracking of clients,

customers or patrons, and for general office administration.

Figure 1: Non-profit use of information technology for program and service delivery activities

Back Office Software, for our purposes, encompasses a large variety of software;

examples would be the Microsoft Office Suite, which provides an email client (in some

versions), a word processing program, a spreadsheet and presentation software; dedicated

financial software such as Intuits QuickBooks; or specific customer relationship management

(CRM) programs such as CRM software from Sumac corporation.

Microsofts Office suite is probably the best-known office productivity software, although

there are many low-cost and no-cost alternatives. Most recently, back office software has

Source: The John Hopkns Non-profit Listening Post Project Information Technology Sounding, 2009


5/22


migrated to the cloud1. Google offers its Goggle Docs and Microsoft offers its productivity

software as Office 365. These programs are offered either as free or at a deep discount to

qualifying non-profit organizations (Microsoft Corporation, 2014) (Google, 2014).

This technology is used by non-profits to raise money and / or increase awareness of their

issues by creating:

Donor, member, client, and volunteer databases;

Office tools for scheduling, activities calendars, registration, and record keeping;

Online outcomes database/reporting capabilities for fundraising and grant writing

purposes;

Tools for streamlining communication among multiple parties. (Jaskyte, 2012)

Many organizations start with the basic office software, but as their needs grow, and they

become more technologically adept, a number of organizations opt for specialized CRM

software such as the one offered by Sumac. These specialized packages offer an all-in one

solution, from member databases to fundraising programs to preparing financial information and

reporting functions:

Switching to Sumac has been one of the best decisions we have made as an

organization. It has allowed us to gain better control of our information and do a much

better job of connecting with our donors and volunteers. We love how easy it is to use

and how quickly new staff members and administrative volunteers are able to learn to use

1In the most basic terms, the Cloud refers to the Internet. When someone says, "I stored it in the Cloud," they mean they stored it

on an Internet service. For example, email or webmail services are in " the cloud." The Cloud or cloud computing refers to an

application that is hosted on or run on Internet servers. All the companies that have these services -- Google, Facebook, Yahoo,

Flickr and Apple -- have servers or server farms. That's where your media is actually stored. (Stern, 2012)


6/22


Sumac effectively. This means a huge savings in the time and money related to training

compared to other donor databases we have used.

Executive Director,United Way of Lethbridge and South Western Alberta (Sumac,

2014)

Crowdsourcing

According to McMillan Dictionary, Crowdsourcing is trying to find a way of

completing a task, a solution to a problem, etc. by asking a wide range of people or organizations

if they can help, typically by using the Internet.(Maxwell, 2009)

Crowdsourcing is the next evolution of outsourcing. Whereas the latter speaks of

sending work or functions to a particular company or organization to do for you (because they

can do it better or faster or cheaper or all three), crowdsourcing engages anyone who cares to be

engaged in helping solve a problem, generate ideas, mobilize a volunteer effort, or fund

something money is needed forand much more. Todays non-profit sector is uniquely

situated to take advantage of crowdsourcing as a method of raising revenues and / or awareness

of issuesSumOfUs.org and Kiva are two examples of the new modern organizations / social

movements that take advantage of crowdsourcing.

Crowdsourcing is made possible by the Internet and the myriad social media tools and

sites that can serve to engage people from around the world or at least people that may not have

any relationship locally in a non-profitsorganizations cause or work. Crowdsourcing also

speaks to making sure there are a lot of choices to people in terms of how they might lend a

hand. The crowd after all is looking for many things, not just one cause. SumOfUs.org is one of

the organizations that offer to promote a number of different noteworthy causes.
http://sumac.com/united-way-of-lethbridge-and-south-western-albertahttp://sumac.com/united-way-of-lethbridge-and-south-western-albertahttp://sumac.com/united-way-of-lethbridge-and-south-western-albertahttp://sumac.com/assetswp/clients/c-United-Way-LSWA_-Logo.jpghttp://sumac.com/united-way-of-lethbridge-and-south-western-alberta


7/22


From a fundraising perspective, crowdsourcing is related to micro-donations (a very

small sum of money donated to a charitable cause by millions of people. All the small sums can

add up to the desired total amount (Maxwell, 2009). This thread is expanded upon when we

discuss Kiva, a non-profit organization that works with microfinance institutions throughout the

world and their mission to connect people through lending to alleviate poverty.

Methods of raising money through micro-donations include text messaging fundraising

programs arranged with a cellular provider, via Twitpay (a software protocol that allows

individuals and organizations to transfer money directly over Twitter), but also via websites like

Donorschoose.org and others.

Social Media

Facebook

Much has been said about Facebook, the online social media juggernaut. To many

people, Facebook isthe internet. Some of the peer-reviewed research that was used in creating

this paper is between 5 and 10 years oldFacebook was created in 2004 and has skyrocketed in

acceptance and general use in the last 8 years since the requirement for a school- or workplace-

issued email account was dropped. It now has over 1.3 billion active users. Between 2012 and

2013 Facebook users increased 22% (StatisticBrain, 2014); this research could not have

anticipated the enormous impact Facebook has had on todays society. Facebook has dedicated

resources available to non-profits in order to help them get their message out (FaceBook, 2013).

According to the 2012 Non-profit Social Networking Report, 98% of the survey respondents

have endorsed Facebook as their social network of choice (Berry, 2012).

Twitter


8/22


Twitter is a free micro-blogging tool: The maximum message you can send is 140

characters. Twitter officially debuted on March 21, 2006, when founder Jack Dorsey published

the first-ever tweet. It simply stated: "just setting up my twttr." When it first came about, nobody

really knew what it was. Even Evan Williams, one of Twitter's co-founders, said in aninterview

withInc.that few people were clear about Twitter's purpose. "They called it a social network;

they called it microblogging, but it was hard to define, because it didn't replace anything."

(Lapowsky, 2013)

The appeal of Twitter is its immediatenessfollowers are immediately updated on events

of interest to them. In March 2007, Twitter exploded at SXSW Interactive, a festival held each

year in Austin, Texas, focusing on emerging technology and considered a breeding ground for

new ideas and technologies; many SXSW attendees were early adopters of the web, and found

immediate benefit to Twitter's short-form public messaging. It was the perfect venue to find

information about panels, meetings, dinners and, of course, parties. Its popularity soon spread to

the web at large; there were around 400,000 tweets per quarter in 2007. In 2008, that number

grew to nearly 27 million (Lee, 2014). In 2013, that number rose to 58 million per day (Statistic

Brain, 2014).

There are a number of useful guides set up for non-profits to make the best use of

Twitter; most of the advice is how to engage and retain your audience. Lethbridge Folk Club ( a

non-profit organization dedicated to promoting live music in the singer-songwriter, blues and

bluegrass vein) sends out tweets reminding people ofupcoming concerts. They also retweet

concerts in other areas such as Medicine Hat and Bragg Creek.

Potential (and Real) Uses of New Technology

Social MovementsSumOfUs.org & Change.org
https://twitter.com/jack/status/20http://www.inc.com/welcome.html?destination=http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04bhttp://www.inc.com/welcome.html?destination=http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04bhttp://www.inc.com/welcome.html?destination=http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04bhttp://www.inc.com/welcome.html?destination=http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04bhttp://www.inc.com/welcome.html?destination=http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04bhttp://www.inc.com/welcome.html?destination=http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04bhttps://twitter.com/jack/status/20


9/22


Crowdsourcing is the main factor behind the success of organizations such as

SumOfUs.org and Change.org. From the SumOfUs.Orgs web page, SumOfUs.org is a global

movement of consumers, investors, and workers all around the world, standing together to hold

corporations accountable for their actions and forge a new, sustainable and just path for our

global economy(SumOfUs.Org, 2014). From Change.orgs web site Change.org is the worlds

largest petitionplatform, empowering people everywhere to create the change they want to see.

(Change.Org, 2014) Both of these organizations are transnational in nature although they are

registered as non-profit organizations in the USA.

There is no cost to post your petition for change or to request a campaign. Change.org

gets their funding from sponsored petitions similar to sponsored videos on YouTube or

sponsored links on Google. Most of the sponsors are non-profit organizations such as Doctors

without Borderswhile SumOfUs.org relies on supporter donations.

These organizations rely exclusively on technology for everyone from individuals to

large non-profits to raise money and awareness of issues. They use web sites, Facebook pages,

email-mails and twitter feeds to promote their message. The downside to non-profits hoping to

use these social movement organizations to promote their cause or to raise funds is simply the

sheer volume of petition requests on these sites. Change.org offers guidelines on how to write

successful petitions (Change.Org, 2014) (as does SumOfUs.org ) in order to use the power of

crowdsourcing and social media more effectively.

Kiva

Kivais a Swahili word meaning "agreement" or "unity." (Kiva, 2014) Kiva is a non-

profit organization whose mission is to alleviate poverty through lending. It uses crowdsourcing

as its main method of collecting funds to disburse to its field partners. These field partners


10/22


include microfinance organizations, social businesses, schools and non-profit organizations. The

field partners disburse loans and upload the stories to the Kiva web site. This is the point where

the crowdsourcing comes inlenders browse the profiles (loan requests) and lend money to the

ones they want to fund. Lenders can lend in increments of $25. Kiva aggregates funds from the

lenders and providers them to the field partners to replenish the loans they already made.

Borrowers repay the loans and then Kiva provides the repayments to the lenders accounts,

where the money is held until it can be lent out again.

Kiva provides the lenders constant updates through email. There are also a number of

apps that can be used to visually present the data to give a more meaningful experience for the

lender. The following illustration is a representation of the loans made by a charitable

organization as part of its mission to help people in need.

Figure 2- Kiva loans made by the Unitarian Universalist Fellowship of Lethbridge

Source: http://kiva-loans.herokuapp.com/uusof3647


11/22


Kiva also uses Facebook and Twitter to interact with its supporters. Supporters can

comment on the various loan offerings and read about new success stories.

Traditional Large Non-Profits

Non-profit organizations that we are most familiar with such as the Red Cross, United

Way, Big Brothers and Big Sisters, Amnesty International, Greenpeace and Oceana have

excelled at their integration of technology, specifically social media technology, into raising

awareness of their issues and raising funds to further their cause.

Amnesty International

One of the most recognizable non-profits in the world, Amnesty International has found

success with social media by mobilizing their large support base and wielding their influence to

make change.

Amnesty International uses their social profiles to encourage politicians and lawmakers

to support their issues. By tweeting in front of their nearly 100,000 Twitter followers, it also puts

pressure on the politician since it is done in front of such a large audience.

Content is well-coordinated across different social platforms, which increases the number

of people a message gets in front of and can potentially increase involvement. For example, on

the same day that they tweeted Alistair Burt, a United Kingdom Conservative MP, regarding the

signing of an arms treaty, Amnesty International posted about the same issue on its Facebook

page (Green, 2013).

Amnesty International also likes their regional offices in Facebook, which increases

local support for these regional offices by letting supports know about them.


12/22


Greenpeace

Greenpeace, like Amnesty International, uses social media to call out corporations and

politicians. Greenpeace is a strong believer in social mediathey credit much of their success to

the use of Twitter and Facebook in getting their message out. In one success story, they

pressured the supermarket chain Waitrose to cut its ties with Shell after getting 40,000 people to

sign a petition.

In yet another campaign aimed against Shell, Greenpeace teamed with other anti-Shell

groups and hijacked the oil companys identity on a microsite called Arctic Ready: Here, it

appeared the companys social media efforts had gone off the rails when fake user-generate anti-

Shell ads started appearing on the microsite. A fake Twitter account appeared to be Shell trying

to do damage control, but this was really the environmental groups. The hoax attracted a lot of

media attention, so while the campaign was controversial, it succeeded at getting Greenpeaces

mission in the spotlight (Green, 2013).

Greenpeaces regional sites also have a large number of followers: providing additional

social profiles for certain regions allows non-profits to focus on the issues that matter most to

that areas population.

Oceana

The increasingly visual aspect of social media works in favor of non-profits who can say

1,000 words with an image. Oceana is one such non-profit capitalizing on reaching supporters

through visualizations.

On all of their social profiles, Oceana uses strong imagery to get their supporters

attention. Since they are advocates of marine life protection, sharing related photos and videos is

an effective way to tug at supporters heartstrings.


13/22


After releasing the findings of a seafood study, Oceana took it one step further and

created visuals to share on their social profiles. By linking to a related petition within the image

caption, they received a surge of support; almost 200 of their followers shared the image, which

greatly increased its reach (Green, 2013).

Small local (Lethbridge) non-profits

Lethbridge Folk Club

Lethbridge Folk Club has been active for almost 30 years, but has only recently waded

into the arena of social media. For years they had a basic web site listing their concert

information and special events (Open Mike, Bluegrass Circle, etc.). Hyperlinks allowed the

website viewers to get more information about the individual artists if the artists had web pages

of their own. Recently they have created a Facebook page and a Twitter account. The Facebook

page is updated regularly with concert and special event information.

Photos of concerts are uploaded shortly after the event. Starting approximately two weeks

before the concert, tweets are sent out informing people of the upcoming concert. Tweets from

other venues are also re-tweeted on a regular basis and they have seen that these clubs

reciprocate as well. The result is that attendance at the concerts and special events have increased

substantially (over 50%) for most events; supporters have increased and more people are

becoming aware of this venue.

They have updated their web site to use WordPress, a blogging tool. It is not used to its

fullest potential and again the web site is fairly stagnant. Much more can be done, but training

and time are the biggest issues preventing this from happening.

While the move to utilize social media has increased their supporters, they feel more can

be done; most concert notices still go out via targeted emails, but the emails are usually plain


14/22


text. Lethbridge Folk club is entirely run by volunteers and the job of monitoring and

developing their social media presence is too large for one volunteer.

Unitarian Universalist Fellowship of Lethbridge (UUFL)

UUFL is a small charitable religious organization in Lethbridge. They maintain a web

presence and have a Facebook page. The information on the Facebook page is updated

frequently, but there is not much interaction from the supporters (no active discussion threads).

The web site is not updated on a regular basis and sometimes the information is outdated. As

with the Lethbridge Folk Club, this organization is run entirely by volunteers, none who have

very strong skills in social media; time and training are the issues again.

They utilize back office software such as Simply Accounting and Microsoft Office Suite

to prepare professional reports and bulletins and are now considering a move to Sumacs CRM

software to integrate all the various information they have with their supporters; currently none

of their databases are integrated and there is a large degree of duplication. With the CRM

software, they hope to have one database for the members, supporters, and other followers

(people who may visit their Facebook page regularly but who do not go to any services, etc.)

Impediments to implementation

The John Hopkins study TheNon-profit Technology GapMyth or Reality highlighted

some important impediments to implementation in graphical form, as can be seen in figure3. We

will look further into some of the three areas: resources, knowledge, and resistance to change.

Resources


15/22


Resources include time, personnel and equipment (including the cost of any related

software). In order to be effective, organizations need to have trained personnel, whether the

personnel are volunteer or paid. Unfortunately, training, technical assistance and maintenance of

information technology are issues that are less likely to receive funding given the long-term

nature of such support (Hackler & Saxton, 2007).

Figure 3Major obstacles/challenges to increasing the use of information technology for program and service delivery

Source: The John Hopkns Non-profit Listening Post Project Information Technology Sounding, 2009


16/22


Equipment and software resources are much less of an issue in 2014 than in 2003. Today

a new desktop or laptop computer costs around $400, whereas back in 2003 the cost was closer

to $800. Today software such as Microsoft Office and Sumac CRM is available for free to

qualifying organizations; other software such as Sun Office is free for non-commercial use. Back

in 2003 when Jo Anne Schneider reported on small, minority-based non-profits in the

information age, such software was not readily available, or if it was, it was not user friendly.

She reports:

The information superhighway is a limited-access system not available to small

non-profits, which lack the technology and expertise to obtain computerized

information Small non-profits cannot afford adequate technology; instead, they

choose limited computerized systems to fit budgets and agency knowledge, and

they need training to use systems effectively. Because information systems are

secondary to mission, small NPOs do not give them the priority needed to

effectively develop tools that can aid agency activities.(Schneider, 2003)

While much of her report rings true even today, the cost barrier of adequate equipment

and software for a non-profit organization to successfully integrate technology into furthering

their mission has been significantly reduced.

Even though the cost of equipment is lower, funding for equipment is still an issue as can

be seen in the graph, coming in as the number one impediment. Lack of time and no IT staff are

reasons two and four, respectively (Geller, Abramson, & de Leon, 2010).

Knowledge


17/22


Lack of expertise, or knowledge, is the third largest obstacle in the Hopkins study

(Geller, Abramson, & de Leon, 2010). The Schneider report also lists lack of knowledgeable

staff as one reason why small non-profits are often marginalized (Schneider, 2003).

Resistance to change

It is interesting to note that 7 of the 17 obstacles mentioned by the Hopkins report refer to

resistance by stakeholders. Even though this resistance is only between 1128 %, if resistance is

met by one or more groups, the implementation of new technologies can face considerable

obstacles.

Strategies for Implementation

In order for a non-profit organization to successfully use new technology, a planned,

concerted effort must be made. According to Julie Dixon and Denise Keys in their Winter 2013

article for the Stanford Social Innovation Review The Permanent Disruption of Social Media,

donor behavior and how people interact with non-profits has changed. When organizations

emphasize financial donations as the primary means of support, they may be doing so at the risk

of discouraging other types of supportive activitiesmany of which have the ability to expand

significantly the influence of supporters, and therefore increase the contributions of others (Keys

& Dixon, 2013).

Convio, a CRM software and services management company that focuses on helping

non-profits, has published a guide on how to successfully use social media. The first step is to

evaluate the objectives for getting into social mediabuild awareness, drive action, or advance

engagement, and then evaluate the target audiencehow engaged is the target audience with the

organizationwould there be greater engagement through social mediahow does the target

audience currently use social media?


18/22


The next step is to critically evaluate the organization and talk with stakeholders in the

organization before investing in a social media initiative, such as:

Make a list of everyones concerns and discuss how they could impact the organization;

Put togetheran agreed upon response protocol when confronted with these concerns;

Share examples of how other organizations have addressed similar situations.

Third, invest in time and training - while most social media tools are free to use, the time

staff members / volunteers spend using those tools is not. Allocating appropriate time to

managing social media efforts is necessary and varies depending on objectives. Expect to take

time to gain support and expect a learning curve.

Finally, once the social media is in place, listen to the supporters, share valuable content

and stay engaged with the supporters.

Conclusion

Using new technologies, such as Web 2.0, social media, and new-and-improved back-

office Customer Relationship Management tools specifically designed for non-profits, can and

does help non-profits increase public awareness of their issue and increase the ability to raise

funds to support their mission when used correctly. Non-profits must take the time to master the

new technologies available to them; they must overcome the hurdles in their path. There are

many low-cost alternativesnew technology does not have to be expensive. Reluctant boards

must be convinced traditional methods no longer are sufficient in todays electronic and

connected world. The type of support and action that used to take a non-profit months to

organize can be done in a matter of days (or hours!) with social media. With a smartphone or

ultrabook etc., non-profit supporters can stay connected 24/7 to the causes that matter most to

them.


19/22


This can be achieved by using strategies such as simply following the guidelines and

helpful hints that are readily available to non-profits; as well as identifying the organizations

objectives and target audience and how social media will bring the two together. Non-profit

stakeholders must be made to realize that this is not your fathers non-profit organization!


20/22


References

Berry, F. (2012, 04 03). 2012 Non Profit Social Netoworking Report. Retrieved 03 28, 2014,

from npengage.com: http://www.npengage.com/social-media/2012-non-profit-social-networking-report/Boles, B. (2013). Technology's Role in the Non-profit Sector: Increasing Organizational

Effectiveness and Efficiency through Technology Innovations. Columbia Social Work

Review, Volume IV, 69-79.Change.Org. (2014).About Us. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from Change.org:

http://www.change.org/en-CA/about

FaceBook. (2013).Facebook Pages for Causes and Non-Profits.Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from

facebook.com: https://fb-public.app.box.com/s/8dxyv66biabfnesvr3jjGeller, S. L., Abramson, A. J., & de Leon, E. (2010). The Non-profit Technology Gap - Myth or

Reality.Baltimore, MD USA: John Hopkins University.

Glasser, R. (2008, 08 18). William Shatner & Daughter for Oldsmobile - 1988!!Retrieved 02 27,2014, from Dailymotion: http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6gxuk_william-shatner-

daughter-for-oldsmo_shortfilms

Google. (2014).Products for Non-profits . Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from Google.com:

http://www.google.com/non-profits/products/#tab0#tab4Green, E. (2013, 03 27).Blog. Retrieved from brandwatch.com:

http://www.brandwatch.com/2013/03/3-examples-of-non-profits-who-shine-on-social-

media/Hackler, D., & Saxton, G. D. (2007). The Strategic Use of Information Technology by Non-

profit Organizations: Increasing Capacity and Untapped Potential.Public Administration

Review, 474-487.

Jaskyte, K. (2012). Exploring Potential for Information Technology Innovation in Non-profitOrganizations.Journal of Technology in Human Services, 118-127.

Keys, D., & Dixon, J. (2013, Winter). The Permanent Disruption of Social Media.Retrieved 01

22, 2014, from Stanford Social Innovation Review:http://www.ssireview.org/articles/entry/the_permanent_disruption_of_social_media

Kiva. (2014).Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from Kiva.org:

http://www.kiva.org/helpLapowsky, I. (2013, 10 04).Ev Williams on Twitter's Early Years. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from

Inc.com: http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-

years.html?cid=em01011week40day04b

Lee, N. (2014, 03 14).Life in 140 characters or less: My first eight years on Twitter. Retrieved03 28, 2014, from engadget.com: http://www.engadget.com/2014/03/12/eight-years-on-

twitter/

Maxwell, K. (2009, 06 03). Crowdsourcing. Retrieved 02 28, 2014, from Buzzword:

http://www.macmillandictionary.com/buzzword/entries/crowdsourcing.htmlMicrosoft Corporation. (2014). Corporate Citizenship. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from Microsoft :

http://www.microsoft.com/about/corporatecitizenship/en-us/non-profits/whos-eligible/


21/22


Miller, J. (2011, 10 24). 10 Ways Non-Profits Can Benefit From Social Media. Retrieved 02 26,

2014, from Social Media Examiner: http://www.socialmediaexaminer.com/10-ways-non-

profits-can-benefit-from-social-media/Perlstein, J. (2011). Amplifying social impact in a connected age: A survey of technology-related

philanthropy for social benefit.National Civic Review, 45-49.

Schneider, J. A. (2003). Small, Minority-Based Non-profits in the Information Age.Non-profitManagement & Leadership, 383-400.Statistic Brain. (2014, 01 01). Twitter Statisitics. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from statisticbrain.com:

http://www.statisticbrain.com/twitter-statistics/

StatisticBrain. (2014, 01 01).Facebook Statistics. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, fromstatisticbrain.com: http://www.statisticbrain.com/facebook-statistics/

Stern, J. (2012, 06 06). Cloud Computing Explained. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from ABC News:

http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/cloud-computing-storage-

explained/story?id=16647561Stowe, S., & Barr, C. (2005). The Rural Charitable Sector Research Initiative Phase II: The

Capacity Challenges of Non-profit & Voluntary Organizations in Rural Ontario.

Toronto, ON CA: Imagine Canada.Sumac. (2014). Sumac Community. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from Sumac.com:

http://sumac.com/community/

SumOfUs.Org. (2014). who we are. Retrieved 03 28, 2014, from sumofus.org:

http://sumofus.org/about/who-we-are/Tabaku, E. (2014). An Overview of Marketing Means used by Non-Profit Organizations: A

Detailed Overview.Journal of Marketing and Management, 66-83.

the Social Media Group within the Convio Services Team. (2010). GOING SOCIAL Tappinginto Social Media for Non-profit Success.Charleston, SC, USA: Convio (Blackbaud).


22/22

Not Your Father's NPO

Documents

Transcript of Not Your Father's NPO