Northern Colonies In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives colonization Puritan...
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![Page 1: Northern Colonies In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives colonization Puritan separatists leave Holland and land in Plymouth, 1620, Mayflower.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082712/56649f575503460f94c7c1bc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Northern Colonies• In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives
colonization• Puritan separatists leave Holland and land in
Plymouth, 1620, • Mayflower Compact- moderate self govt.• Myles Standish is their leader. • Merged with Mass. Bay Colony in 1691• Original co-existence w/ N.Am. > Tension• Expansion > conflict with Pequot Nation,
exterminated.• Metacom, aka King Philip’s War, 1675, last N.Am.
Resist. In Puritan colonies
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
• 1630, as a “city on a hill” for Puritans
• 2/3 of males (churched only) enfranchised
• John Cotton and other ministers influ.
• Separation of Church and State
• Anne Hutchinson, exiled in 1638
Begins Am. trad. of Freedom of Conscience
• Roger Williams founds RI – religious tolerance
![Page 3: Northern Colonies In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives colonization Puritan separatists leave Holland and land in Plymouth, 1620, Mayflower.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082712/56649f575503460f94c7c1bc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Dutch
• Trade, esp. with Native Americans
• New Netherland Founded in 1613
• New Amsterdam founded 1623
• Patroonship system
• Captured by Duke of York 1664 (now NYC)
![Page 4: Northern Colonies In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives colonization Puritan separatists leave Holland and land in Plymouth, 1620, Mayflower.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082712/56649f575503460f94c7c1bc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Middle Colonies
• PA founded by William Penn in 1681• Quakers- Society of Friends• Good PR• Good Relations with N. Americans• Tolerant and Democratic society• NJ sold to Quakers by Puritans, made a Royal
Colony in 1702• Farming, Industry, Multi-ethnic• Ben Franklin
![Page 5: Northern Colonies In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives colonization Puritan separatists leave Holland and land in Plymouth, 1620, Mayflower.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082712/56649f575503460f94c7c1bc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Maryland
• Founded in 1634 by Lord Baltimore• Haven for Catholics in Prot. England• Jesuits part of first colony in St. Mary’s City, said first
mass in English Colonies• Act of Toleration – 1649 – Religious Freedom• http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/amerdoc/
maryland_toleration.htm• Mixed success for Catholics, becomes Protestant
majority and later Royal Colony• “Brown Gold”
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West Indies
• Sugar is King – cash crop• Slaves needed to supply labor• Plantation system• Staging area for slaves for Southern US• Barbados Slave Code of 1661• Part of Triangular Trade
Sugar > Molasses > Rum > Slaves > Sugar >
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MIDDLE AND SOUTHERN COLONIES
• In Southern Colonies, development of Plantations leads to slavery
• “Brown Gold” – tobacco is king in VA• Independence of Virginia House of Burgesses ends
when James I makes it a royal colony• Indentured Servants used at first for labor• Headright system• 40% fatality rate• Problem: no property/rebel/disenfranchised
• Shift to slaves as labor source
![Page 8: Northern Colonies In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives colonization Puritan separatists leave Holland and land in Plymouth, 1620, Mayflower.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082712/56649f575503460f94c7c1bc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Georgia
• Founded by James Oglethorpe, 1733
• Philanthropist, pauper’s colony
• Buffer state with Spanish FL
• Melting pot of ethnicities
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Carolinas
• Founded after Restoration of Charles II• 1670• Economy based on Indian Slave Trade• Rice Plantations• Slaves imported b/c of malaria resistance• Port of Charles Town founded• Later N. Carolina formed in reaction to
elites in VA and SC
![Page 10: Northern Colonies In northern colonies, religion, not profit, drives colonization Puritan separatists leave Holland and land in Plymouth, 1620, Mayflower.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082712/56649f575503460f94c7c1bc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Northern Colonies
Southern ColoniesMiddle Colonies
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COMPARE/CONTRAST
NORTHERN MIDDLE SOUTHERN
Puritan
Religious Comm.
Farm & Industry
Small Farms
Slow, but Growing Conflict w/Indians
Good Climate
Quaker
Rel. Freedom
Farm & Industry
Farms
Democratic
Tolerant
Good Rel.w/Indian
Malaria in Chesap.
Catholic/Misc.
Economic
Cash Crops
Plantations
Slavery
Buffer State
Punitive Wars
Malarial