Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution
-
Upload
phoebe-cooley -
Category
Documents
-
view
20 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution
![Page 1: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Normal galaxies: X-ray Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its luminosity function & its
evolutionevolution
Panayiotis Tzanavaris Panayiotis Tzanavaris (NOA)(NOA)
Ioannis Georgantopoulos Ioannis Georgantopoulos (NOA)(NOA)
Antonis Georgakakis Antonis Georgakakis (ICL)(ICL)
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 2: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
XLF importance XLF importance
Unique probe of X-ray binaries and hot Unique probe of X-ray binaries and hot gas in (non-AGN) gas in (non-AGN) normal normal galaxiesgalaxies
Disentangle NG evolution from AGN Disentangle NG evolution from AGN evolutionevolution
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 3: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
X-ray surveys X-ray surveys
E-CDF-SE-CDF-SCDF-NCDF-NCDF-SCDF-SXBOOTESXBOOTES
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 4: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Normal galaxies: selection criteriaNormal galaxies: selection criteria
Source detected in the 0.5-2.0 keV bandSource detected in the 0.5-2.0 keV band log (log ( f fX X [0.5-2.0 keV][0.5-2.0 keV]/f/fR R )) ≤ ≤ -1 (from filter)-1 (from filter)
log log LLXX ≤ ≤ 42 (cgs)42 (cgs)HR ≡ (H-S)/(H+S) HR ≡ (H-S)/(H+S) ≤ ≤ 0 0 object morphologically a galaxyobject morphologically a galaxy
H ≡ 2.0-8.0 keV; S ≡ 0.5-2.0 keV H ≡ 2.0-8.0 keV; S ≡ 0.5-2.0 keV
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 5: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
E-CDF-SE-CDF-S
X-rayX-ray: Lehmer et al (2005): Lehmer et al (2005)
ffX,X,lim[0.5-2.0keV]lim[0.5-2.0keV] ~1.1 × 10~1.1 × 10-16-16 erg cm erg cm-2 -2 ss-1 -1
OpticalOptical: COMBO-17; Wolf et al (2004): COMBO-17; Wolf et al (2004)ESO 2.2 m WFI 17 filtersESO 2.2 m WFI 17 filters
RRlim,Vegalim,Vega = 25.4 = 25.4
41 sources, 41 sources, z z medmed = 0.264 = 0.264
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 6: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CDF-NCDF-N
X-rayX-ray: 2 Ms, Alexander et al (2003): 2 Ms, Alexander et al (2003)
ffX,X,lim[0.5-2.0 keV]lim[0.5-2.0 keV] ~2.5 × 10~2.5 × 10-17-17 erg cm erg cm-2 -2 ss-1 -1
OpticalOptical: Barger et al. (2003); Capak et al. : Barger et al. (2003); Capak et al. (2004)(2004)
KPNO 4 m (KPNO 4 m (UU), Subaru 8.3 m (rest)), Subaru 8.3 m (rest)
RRlim,ABlim,AB = 26.6 = 26.6
79 sources, 79 sources, z z medmed = 0.46 = 0.46
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 7: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
CDF-SCDF-S
X-rayX-ray: 1 Ms, Giacconi et al (2002): 1 Ms, Giacconi et al (2002)
ffX,X,lim[0.5-2.0 keV]lim[0.5-2.0 keV] ~5.5 × 10~5.5 × 10-17-17 erg cm erg cm-2 -2 ss-1 -1
OpticalOptical: Szokoly et al. (2004) VLT FORS : Szokoly et al. (2004) VLT FORS spectraspectra
Zheng et al. (2004) Zheng et al. (2004) z z photphot using using
10 NUV, optical, NIR bands 10 NUV, optical, NIR bands [ESO FORS, [ESO FORS,
EIS, VLT, GOODS, COMBO-17] EIS, VLT, GOODS, COMBO-17]
56 sources, 56 sources, z z medmed = 0.52 = 0.52
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 8: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
XBOOTESXBOOTES
X-rayX-ray: Kenter et al (2005): Kenter et al (2005)
ffX,X,lim[0.5-2.0keV]lim[0.5-2.0keV] ~4.7 × 10~4.7 × 10-15-15 erg cm erg cm-2 -2 ss-1 -1
OpticalOptical: SDSS DR5; Adelman-McCarthy : SDSS DR5; Adelman-McCarthy et al et al (2007)(2007)
5 Sloan filters u’g’r’i’z’5 Sloan filters u’g’r’i’z’
r’r’lim,SDSSlim,SDSS = 22.2 = 22.2
28 sources, 28 sources, z z medmed = 0.128 = 0.128
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 9: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Area curveArea curve
XBOOTESXBOOTES
dominates areadominates area
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 10: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
LLX X - z - z
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
204 sources to 204 sources to
zz ~ 1.3 ~ 1.3subsamplessubsamples
complementarycomplementary
![Page 11: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Luminosity functionLuminosity function
Page & Carrera Page & Carrera (2000)(2000)
φφ((L, zL, z) )
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
L(dV/dz)dzd
Nmaxz(L)
z(L)min
maxL
Lmin
![Page 12: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Luminosity functionLuminosity function 0 < 0 < z < z < 0.20.2 0.2 < 0.2 < z < z < 0.60.6 0.6 < 0.6 < z < z < 1.31.3Norman et al. (2004)Norman et al. (2004) z < z < 0.50.5 z > z > 0.50.5 Kim et al (2006)Kim et al (2006)
z < z < 0.30.3Georgakakis et al. (2006)Georgakakis et al. (2006)
z < z < 0.20.2no evolutionno evolution L ~L ~ (1+ (1+zz))kk
k = k = 2.72.7
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 13: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Luminosity function by typeLuminosity function by type
Separate Separate EEarly and arly and LLate-type systemsate-type systemsHyperzHyperz
61 template SEDs from smoothly interpolated 61 template SEDs from smoothly interpolated (Sullivan et al 2004) four galaxy types(Sullivan et al 2004) four galaxy types
Filters for different surveys Filters for different surveys E = 0 → 25 (105)E = 0 → 25 (105)L = 25 → 60 (99)L = 25 → 60 (99)
Then binned XLFThen binned XLF
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 14: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Luminosity function: Late typesLuminosity function: Late types
0 < 0 < z < z < 0.40.4
0.4 < 0.4 < z < z < 1.31.3
Georgakakis et al. (2006)Georgakakis et al. (2006)
no evolution, no evolution, z z < 0.2< 0.2LL ~ (1+ ~ (1+zz))kk
k = k = 2.72.7
Power laws?Power laws?
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 15: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Luminosity function: Early typesLuminosity function: Early types
0 < 0 < z < z < 0.40.4
0.4 < 0.4 < z < z < 1.31.3
Georgakakis et al. (2006)Georgakakis et al. (2006)
no evolution, no evolution, z z < 0.2< 0.2L ~L ~ (1+ (1+zz))kk
k = k = 2.72.7k = k = 22 Power laws?Power laws?
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 16: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Caveats…Caveats…
ML fitting to be doneML fitting to be done
Functional formFunctional form
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006
![Page 17: Normal galaxies: X-ray luminosity function & its evolution](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/5681355c550346895d9cc210/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SummarySummary
One of the largest NG samples with very One of the largest NG samples with very broad coverage of broad coverage of L – z L – z spacespace
Reasonable agreement with previous work Reasonable agreement with previous work but but evolution in E as wellevolution in E as well
More data: CDF 4 MsMore data: CDF 4 Ms
XEUS (resolution?)XEUS (resolution?)
XSurverys06 Cambridge, MA. Nov 2006