Nonverbal Messages
Transcript of Nonverbal Messages
Understanding Understanding Nonverbal Nonverbal MessagesMessages
Preview• Why Focus on Nonverbal
Communication?• The Nature of Nonverbal Communication• Codes of Nonverbal Communication• How to interpret Nonverbal Cues More
Accurately
Nonverbal Communication
Defined• Communication
other than written or spoken language that creates meaning for someone– Sign language is
one exception to this definition
Why focus on Nonverbal
Communication?• Nonverbal messages communicate
feelings and attitudes– Most significant source of emotional
information is the face (Albert Mehrabian)
– Vocal cues– Approximately 93% of emotional
meaning is communicated nonverbally.
Why focus on nonverbal
communication?• Nonverbal messages are
critical to successful relationships
• Nonverbal messages serve various functions for verbal messages:
» Substitute» Complement» Contradict» Repeat» Regulate» Accent
The Nature of Nonverbal
Communication• Culture-Bound• Rule-governed• Ambiguous
– Perception checking• Continuous• Non-linguistic• Multi-channeled
Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Appearance– artifacts
Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Body movement, Gestures, and Posture– Kinesics refers to the
study of human movements, gestures, and postures
• Emblems• Illustrators• Affect displays• Regulators• adaptors
(People En Espaňol Magazine, Aug 2004, pg 20)
Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Kinesics Research– Quasi-courtship behavior –
nonverbal actions we consciously and unconsciously exhibit when we are attracted to someone:• Courtship readiness• Preening• Positional cues• Appeals to invitation
Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Eye contact• Facial expressions• Touch (haptics)
– Touch ethic• The Voice
– Paralanguage or vocalics– Back-channel cues– Response latencies
Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Environment, Space, and Territory– Physical environment– Space (proxemics)
• Intimate space• Personal space• Social space• Public space
Edwin T. Hall’s Zones of Space
Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• Territory– Territoriality– Territorial markers
How to Interpret Nonverbal Cues
• Immediacy Immediacy Cues
Proximity:……………………………. Close, forward leanBody Orientation:……………… Direct, could be side-by-sideEye Contact:……………………….. Eye contact & mutual eye
contactFacial Expression:…………….. SmilingGestures:……………………………. Head nods, movementPosture:………………………………. Open, relaxed, arms
oriented toward othersTouch:………………………………….. Cultural-and-context
appropriateVoice:…………………………………… Higher pitch, upward pitch
How to Interpret Nonverbal Cues
• Immediacy– Arousal– Dominance
What questions do
you have?
•Homework:–Reading?–Turn in assignment?