Nonverbal Communication Issues

Nonverbal Communication IssuesExperiencing Intercultural Communication by Martin and Nakayama

Monday, March 5, 2012

What is nonverbal communication?



Defining Nonverbal Communication




Cultural Variations in Nonverbal Behavior




Cultural Variations in Nonverbal Behavior

Defining Cultural Space


Nonverbal Communication



It is the process of intentionally or unintentionally signaling meaning through behavior other than words.



It is the process of intentionally or unintentionally signaling meaning through behavior other than words.

Actions, facial expressions, eye behavior, use of time, tone of voice, silence, and or space.


Verbal vs. Nonverbal


Verbal vs. Nonverbal

symbolic

have meaning

patterned


Functions of Nonverbal


Reinforces Verbal Communication..Repeating, Complementing, Accenting




Substituting Verbal Communication..Replacing words




Substituting Verbal Communication..Replacing words

Contradicting..Conveying meaning that is opposite



Regulating Verbal Interaction..Assisting the back-and-forth of communication in a constructive and appropriate manner.




Sense of Immediacy..A feeling of closeness, involvement, and warmth between people.




Sense of Immediacy..A feeling of closeness, involvement, and warmth between people.

Deception..Attempt to convince someone of something that is false.



Nonverbal communicates


Nonverbal communicates

relational messages

status and power

deception


Channel Discrepancy

This is very

serious!


Channel DiscrepancyWhen words and actions don’t match, which is more believable?

This is very

serious!


Nonverbal CodesFacial Expressions

❖ sadness❖ anger❖ disgust❖ fear❖ contempt❖ surprise❖ happiness


Nonverbal CodesMasking

❖ the act of replacing an expression that shows true feeling with an expression that shows appropriate feeling.


Nonverbal CodesParalanguage is nonverbal vocal messages.

❖ how you say it❖ speed/rate and volume❖ tone of voice, pitch,

rhythm, vocal range, articulation, and inflections

❖ vocalizations, pauses


Nonverbal CodesSpace and Environment

Proxemics is the way we use our space.

❖ Intimate - 0 to 18”❖ Personal - 18” to 4 ft.❖ Social - 4 to 12 ft.❖ Public - 12 ft. and more❖ “YOUR BUBBLE”


Nonverbal CodesSpace and Environment

❖ Territoriality claims space through occupation of that area.

❖ Environment, the layout, and decoration of the space you occupy tells something about you.


Nonverbal CodesTactile or Haptics Communication

❖ Touch can be functional-professional used to perform a job.

❖ Touch can be social-polite for interpersonal.

❖ Touch can be #iendship-warmth for affection.

❖ Touch can be love-intimacy used for romance.

❖ Touch can be sexual-arousal used in sexual relationships.


CultureContact cultures depend

on touch as a crucial form of nonverbal

communication.


CultureNon-contact cultures are

less touch-sensitive or even tend to avoid touch.


Nonverbal CodesOculesics

❖ the use of eyes in nonverbal communication has a huge impact.

❖ can vary by culture, especially differences occur between genders


Nonverbal Codes

Kinesics are aspects of gestures and body movements that send various messages.

❖ Emblems

❖ Illustrators

❖ Regulators

❖ Adaptors


Nonverbal CodesTime Orientation

❖ Monochronic❖ time is a commodity❖ linear, one event/time❖ schedules are valued

❖ Polychronic❖ holistic, circular❖ personal relationships❖ many events at once


Nonverbal CodesArtifacts

❖ accessories carried or used by the body for decoration or identification.

❖ appearance affects perceptions of attractiveness.

❖ judgement about a person’s background, character, personality, status, and future behavior.


SilenceObserve, ask a friend, show respect, unity, defiance, grieving.


StereotypePrejudice can be based on

nonverbal behavior.


Defining Cultural Space


Identity and Space

HomeNeighborhood

RegionCyberspace


Changing Cultural Space

TravelingMigrating


Nonverbal Communication Issues

Education

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