New New Technology Technology

and the and the Legacy of the Legacy of the

Civil WarCivil War

Civil War TechnologyCivil War Technology

http://www.old-picture.com/civil-war/Artillery-Civil-War-001.htm

TelegraphTelegraph

http://w1tp.com/perkcol.htm

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1863/january/telegraph.htm

Telegraph office

http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/UsaHistory/CivilWar/Communication.htm

Telegraph wagon

http://www.civilwarhome.com/telegraph.htm

http://www.webbgarrison.com/thesoldierfull/vol1fullindex.html

RailroadsRailroads

http://updatecenter.britannica.com/art?assemblyId=8341&type=A

http://wigwags.wordpress.com/2008/01/19/

http://www.old-picture.com/civil-war/Soldiers-railroad-cannon-small.htm

•http://faculty.umf.maine.edu/~walters/web%20103/outline%2014%20umf%20103_06.htm

http://www.anselm.edu/academic/history/hdubrulle/WarandRevolution

Rifled musketRifled musket

http://www.marstar.ca/gf-armisport/ArmiSport-Civil-War-US-rifles.shtm

http://scottsvillemuseum.com/forkids/Museum_in_a_Trunk/minieball.htm

Accuracy of Smoothbore Muskets vs. Rifle-muskets

Distance Distance from from TargetTarget

Smoothbore Smoothbore Shots that Hit Shots that Hit TargetTarget

Rifle Shots Rifle Shots that Hit that Hit TargetTarget

100 yards100 yards 74.5%74.5% 94.5%94.5%

200 yards200 yards 42.5%42.5% 80%80%

300 yards300 yards 16%16% 55%55%

400 yards400 yards 4.5%4.5% 52.5%52.5%

http://www.littlestregular.com/blog/2007_02_01_archive.html

Rifled CannonRifled Cannon

The Whitworth designed cannon could fire a shell over 6 miles. http://www.andrewspages.dial.pipex.com

http://www.answers.com/topic/rifling?cat=technology

http://www.georgia.gov/00/photo_article/

http://www.aeragon.com/03/03-31.html

Fort Pulaski, Georgia. The accuracy and range of the rifled cannon rendered brick fortifications obsolete.

http://www.georgia.gov/00/photo_article/

Repeating riflesRepeating rifles

http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/gabrmetz/gabr001b.htm

http://www.ironoutlaw.com/html/weapons.html

http://www3.hants.gov.uk/museum/havant-museum/firearms/henry-repeating-rifle.htm

The Gatling GunThe Gatling Gun

The First The First

Machine Machine GunGun

Hand grenades/rocketsHand grenades/rockets

http://grenadelauncher.com/

http://www.championhillrelics.com/Images.htm

http://warandgame.wordpress.com/2007/11/28/nineteenth-century-military-rockets/

Hale rocket and rocket launcher

Ironclads/gunboatsIronclads/gunboats

http://www.flickr.com/photos/

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1862/september/civil-war-iron-clads.htm

http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/navalbattles1800s/ig/Civil-War-Navies/USS-Cairo.htm

http://www.britannica.com/ebc/art-13043/In-the-first-battle-of-ironclad-warships-the-Confederate-Virginia

http://www.patternsfromhistory.com/civil_war/gunboat_quilts.htm

http://www.irononthered.com/Photographs.htm

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~barrettbranches/Researchers/Karen%20Hett/B24cavindex.html

SubmarinesSubmarines

http://news.webshots.com/photo/1195793651015913979KyvkEV

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/sub-history3.htm

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1861/november/submarine.htm

http://shoutaboutcarolina.wordpress.com/2008/04/20/the-hunley-submarine-mystery-and-replica-operation-video-things-to-do-in-charleston-and-columbia/

BalloonsBalloons

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1861/october/civil-war-balloons.htm

http://historyday.crf-usa.org/1725/cause_and_effect_during_the_civi.htm

http://www.old-picture.com/civil-war/Professor-military-Virginia-balloon.htm

http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/UsaHistory/CivilWar/Communication.htm

http://warandgame.wordpress.com/2007/11/04/first-military-uses-of-the-balloon/

PhotographyPhotography

http://howardlanham.tripod.com/photography.html

http://howardlanham.tripod.com/photography.html

http://www.flickr.com/photos/canfielddave/931936429/http://wigwags.wordpress.com/the-artists/

http://www.littlestregular.com/blog/labels/civil%20war%20photographs.html

http://www.rbhayes.org/hayes/civilwar/display.asp?id=362&subj=civilwar

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/gettysburg/dead-at-gettysburg.htm

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/antietam-dead.htm

EmbalmingEmbalming

http://www.old-picture.com/civil-war/Embalming.htm

http://www.forensicgenealogy.info/contest_65_results.html

http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2007/05/21/embalm

http://www.imageofsurgery.com/Surgery_history_art.htm

New Military TechnologyNew Military Technology

There are many new There are many new improvements to weapons of improvements to weapons of war and these increased the war and these increased the number of casualties on both number of casualties on both sides.sides.–1.1. Rifle – a gun with a grooved Rifle – a gun with a grooved

barrel that causes a bullet to barrel that causes a bullet to spin through the air. This spin through the air. This gives the bullet more distance gives the bullet more distance and accuracy.and accuracy.

New Military TechnologyNew Military Technology

–2. Minie ball – a bullet with a 2. Minie ball – a bullet with a hollow base. The bullet hollow base. The bullet expands when it is fired to fit expands when it is fired to fit the grooves in the barrel. the grooves in the barrel. This also increases distance This also increases distance and accuracy over old-and accuracy over old-fashioned muskets.fashioned muskets.

New Military TechnologyNew Military Technology

–3. Ironclads – warships 3. Ironclads – warships covered with iron instead of covered with iron instead of just wood. The majority of just wood. The majority of the ship was below water and the ship was below water and provided a very small target provided a very small target for their enemies to shoot at. for their enemies to shoot at.

New Military TechnologyNew Military Technology

–MerrimackMerrimack (renamed (renamed VirginiaVirginia) ) – Confederate Ironclad– Confederate Ironclad

–MonitorMonitor – Union Ironclad – Union Ironclad- - These two ironclads fought These two ironclads fought off the coast of Virginia in 1862 off the coast of Virginia in 1862 for four hours. The battle for four hours. The battle ended in a draw.ended in a draw.

Civil War Medicine Civil War Medicine

African-American African-American SoldiersSoldiers

The Emancipation Proclamation The Emancipation Proclamation also stated that African-also stated that African-Americans willing to fight in the Americans willing to fight in the civil war could join the army. civil war could join the army.

By the end of the war, 180,000 By the end of the war, 180,000 African-American soldiers had African-American soldiers had joined the Union Army. joined the Union Army.

African-American African-American SoldiersSoldiers

They were usually organized They were usually organized in all African-American in all African-American regiments with white officers. regiments with white officers.

They were paid less than They were paid less than white soldiers and often given white soldiers and often given the worst assignmentsthe worst assignments. .

African-American African-American SoldiersSoldiers

The 54th Massachusetts The 54th Massachusetts RegimentRegiment

–One of the first African-One of the first African-American regiments American regiments organized in the North.organized in the North.

–They insisted on fighting They insisted on fighting without pay, if it was not without pay, if it was not equal to that of white soldier’s equal to that of white soldier’s pay.pay.

–They led a heroic attack on They led a heroic attack on Fort WagnerFort Wagner

Gettysburg AddressGettysburg Address

On November 19, 1863, President On November 19, 1863, President Lincoln gave a speech at the Lincoln gave a speech at the dedication of a cemetery in dedication of a cemetery in Gettysburg for the soldiers buried Gettysburg for the soldiers buried there. there.

In the speech Lincoln declared that In the speech Lincoln declared that the nation was founded on the fact the nation was founded on the fact that “all men are created equal.” that “all men are created equal.”

Gettysburg AddressGettysburg Address

He urged people to continue He urged people to continue the fight for democracy for the fight for democracy for all.all.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues:following issues:

Lincoln’s ideas on liberty and Lincoln’s ideas on liberty and slavery changed during the slavery changed during the Civil War.Civil War.

Lincoln and Civil Liberties Lincoln and Civil Liberties

Lincoln’s Ideas on the Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues:following issues:

First Inaugural SpeechFirst Inaugural Speech – He – He said that he did not want to said that he did not want to abolish slavery and he did not abolish slavery and he did not want to go to war, but the want to go to war, but the North would defend federal North would defend federal property in the South.property in the South.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues:following issues:

Second Inaugural SpeechSecond Inaugural Speech – – Here he said that the Civil Here he said that the Civil War was about slavery and War was about slavery and that the war was being fought that the war was being fought to make sure that the to make sure that the equality of enslaved equality of enslaved Americans was recognized.Americans was recognized.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues:following issues:

UnionUnion – Lincoln believed the – Lincoln believed the Union should be maintained no Union should be maintained no matter the cost. matter the cost.

GovernmentGovernment – Lincoln believed – Lincoln believed that Democracy was the best that Democracy was the best form of government and it was form of government and it was worth protecting with your life.worth protecting with your life.

Lincoln’s Ideas on the Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues:following issues:

LibertyLiberty – It was the – It was the government’s responsibility government’s responsibility to defend an individual’s to defend an individual’s freedom.freedom.

EqualityEquality – He believed, “that – He believed, “that all men are created equal.”all men are created equal.”

Lincoln’s Ideas on the Lincoln’s Ideas on the following issues:following issues:

SlaverySlavery – His ideas changed on – His ideas changed on this topic. He never liked this topic. He never liked slavery, but at the beginning of slavery, but at the beginning of the war he did not want to end the war he did not want to end all slavery. However, by the all slavery. However, by the end of the war Lincoln claimed end of the war Lincoln claimed they were fighting the war to they were fighting the war to end slavery.end slavery.

Costs of the WarCosts of the War::

The Civil War was the The Civil War was the deadliest war in American deadliest war in American historyhistory

Approximately 620,000 Approximately 620,000 soldiers diedsoldiers died

Costs of the WarCosts of the War::

Union – 360,000 killedUnion – 360,000 killed

275,000 wounded275,000 wounded

Confederacy – 260,000 killedConfederacy – 260,000 killed 260,000 260,000

woundedwounded

Costs of the WarCosts of the War::

Combined the North and the Combined the North and the South spent 5 times more South spent 5 times more money than the government money than the government had in the previous 8 had in the previous 8 decades.decades.

Thirteen Amendment Thirteen Amendment

Reconstruction Reconstruction AmendmentsAmendments::

13th13th – Ended slavery in the US – Ended slavery in the US (1865)(1865)

14th14th – Protected the civil rights of – Protected the civil rights of all Americans even those that all Americans even those that were formally enslaved (1868)were formally enslaved (1868)

15th 15th – Guaranteed the right to – Guaranteed the right to vote to African-American men vote to African-American men (1870)(1870)

Effects of the War on the South Effects of the War on the South