Aviation Science Activities - Federal Aviation Administration
New Performance Tests Federal Aviation Administration
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Presented to: By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration New Performance Tests Changes to Draft AC 150/5370-10H Standard Specifications for Construction of Airports IX ALACPA Seminar on Airport Pavements Quito, Ecuador David R. Brill, P.E., Ph.D. 30 May 2018
Transcript of New Performance Tests Federal Aviation Administration
Presented to:
By:
Date:
Federal AviationAdministration
New Performance Tests
Changes to Draft AC 150/5370-10H
Standard Specifications for
Construction of Airports
IX ALACPA Seminar on Airport Pavements
Quito, Ecuador
David R. Brill, P.E., Ph.D.
30 May 2018
Federal AviationAdministration
Draft AC 150/5370-10HStandard Specifications for Construction of Airports
• Current standard version is AC 150/5370-10G.
• Draft AC 150/5370-10H was released for industry
review November 2017.
• Many significant changes, reorganization:
– Items moved out of General Provisions:
• C-100 Contractor Quality Control Program
• C-105 Mobilization
• C-110 Method of Estimating Percent Within Limits (PWL)
– New Items: P-156, Cement Treated Subgrade; P-207, In-place
Full Depth Reclamation (FDR) Recycled Asphalt Aggregate Base
Course; P-307 Cement treated Permeable Base Course (CTPB).
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Performance Tests
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Major Changes to Item P-401Asphalt Mix Pavement
• Material properties organized in table format.
• Clarified and simplified lot size definitions.
• New requirements for smoothness:
– Smoothness measuring equipment requirements.
– Moved straightedge testing requirements to section on Contractor
Quality Control – testing performed on a sublot basis.
– Profilograph smoothness for QA acceptance – final profilograph on full
length of project.
• Same numerical mix design requirements for Marshall or
Gyratory design (75 blows or gyrations).
– Added use of Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) as standard
performance test for asphalt mixes.
– Removed requirement for Marshall stability and flow.
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Performance Tests
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Smoothness Requirements
• Contractor QC
– Test each sublot.
– ¼ inch (6 mm) maximum
deviation using 12-foot (3.7 m)
straightedge or rolling
inclinometer.
– For rolling inclinometer, use
FAA program ProFAA to
simulate 12-foot straightedge.
• Acceptance Testing
– Testing on the basis of a
profilograph or inertial profiler.
– Full length of project.
– Average profile index (PI)
< 15 in./mile per 1/10 mile.
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Performance Tests
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Profilograph (ASTM E1274)
Rolling Inclinometer
(ASTM E2133)
Inertial Profiler
(ASTM E950)
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APA Performance Test
• Test for rutting susceptibility of asphalt mixture.
• Accelerated wheel trafficking test.
• Wheel loads applied through a pressurized hose.
• Modification of test procedure used by some
highway agencies in the U.S.
– Supplements Superpave® mix design standards.
– Original Superpave® protocol did not include a performance
standard for mixes comparable to Marshall stability/flow.
– Test procedure described in AASHTO Standard T 340-10.
– Modified for higher tire pressure (250 psi versus 100 psi).
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Performance Tests
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Asphalt Design Criteria
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Performance Tests
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Background of Performance Test
• APA test criterion in AC 150/5370-10H was derived from
R&D at the FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center.
• Part of the successful FAA effort to develop gyratory
mix design standards for airport pavements equivalent
to the existing Marshall standards.
• Sought a test method to discriminate between well-
performing and non-well performing mixtures that
otherwise met design requirements for gyratory
compaction and volumetrics.
• Considered test methods: APA (modified); Asphalt
Mixture Performance Tester (flow number test); High-
Temperature Indirect Tensile Test (IDT); Hamburg Wheel
Tracking test, uniaxial fatigue testing.
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Performance Tests
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FAA Customized APA
• Ref. AASHTO T340.
• FAA’s APA was
specifically designed
to simulate high tire
pressures associated
with aircraft.
• Customized for high
tire pressure ≥ 250 psi
(1.72 MPa).
• Variable loading
speeds.
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Performance Tests
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APA in Action
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Performance Tests
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Run Clip
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APA Testing Program
• Tests performed at NAPTF testing lab on samples
prepared by US Army Corps of Engineers ERDC.
– 250-psi (1.72 MPa) pressure.
– Test temperature – high temperature for the binder grade.
– Samples prepared at 70 gyrations.
– Target 3.5% air voids.
– 3 aggregate types, 2 different aggregate sizes, 2 different
gradations (course/fine), 3 sand contents.
– Included mixes with natural sand exceeding FAA limits.
• TRB paper: Rushing, Little, & Garg (2012),
Transportation Research Record No. 2296.
• POC: Dr. Navneet Garg
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Performance Tests
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APA Results for All Mixtures
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Performance Tests
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APA Results for Mixtures Containing No
Natural Sand
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Performance Tests
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APA Results for Mixtures Containing 10%
Natural Sand
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APA Results for Mixtures Containing 30%
Natural Sand
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Performance Tests
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Results of APA Tests
• Preliminary criterion for accepting HMA for
high tire pressure aircraft during mix
design:
– APA < 10 mm rut depth after 4000 load cycles.
– Using 250 psi (1.72 MPa) hose pressure at 64°C
(high temperature for the binder grade used in mix
PG 64-22).
• This criterion was found to separate known
well-performing mixes from poorly
performing mixes in subsequent tests.
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Performance Tests
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Performance Tests
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Test Validation
• Draft AC 150/5370-10H will require APA results as
part of the design submittal (JMF) for P-401.
• Over time, these data will enable the FAA to evaluate
the APA criterion as an indicator of asphalt
performance.
• FAA is also collecting field samples (asphalt cores)
for the extended life R&D project.
– Runways from large- and medium-hub airports.
– Testing includes APA per -10H standard.
– Current research will group tested samples according to the
standard and identify correlation to long-term performance.
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Performance Tests
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Sample Data – Extended Life
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
De
pth
(MM
)
Cycles (60 Cycles Per Minute)
Rut Depth
Left Center Right
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Performance Tests
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4000 cycles
10 mm rut
APA RUT CRITERION
Airport “A” Field Core
7.772 mm at 4000 cyc.
(within criterion)
Federal AviationAdministration
Thank You! ¡Gracias!
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http://www.airporttech.tc.faa.gov/
30 May 2018 AC 150/5370-10H & New
Performance Tests
Acknowledgments:
FAA Airport Technology R&D Branch:
Dr. Michel Hovan, Branch Manager;
Jeff Gagnon, Airport Pavement Section Manager;
Dr. Navneet Garg; Dr. Richard Ji; Al Larkin; Murphy Flynn; Ryan Rutter; Quinn Jia, Wilfredo Villafane
FAA Airport Engineering Division:
Doug Johnson; Greg Cline
General Dynamics Information Technology:
Michael Collins; Dr. Izydor Kawa; Dr. Qiang Wang; Dr. Yuanguo Chen; Dr. Kairat Tuleubekov; Shawn
Hershman; Jeff Stein
Gemini:
Dr. Hao Yin
