New Building Material Burman Roy
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Transcript of New Building Material Burman Roy
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Green Walling MaterialSubmitted by :
Group II
Aditi Varma Prakash raja Eshu bansal Pankhuri khetawat Gyanesh Prakash
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Green Material
Green material refers to a process that isenvironmentally responsible and resource-
efficient throughout a building's life-cycle:from sitting to design, construction,operation, maintenance, renovation, anddemolition.
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1.Fly ash bricks.
2.Hollo
w co
ncrete bl
ocks
3.Cellular light weight concrete
4.Compressed earth blocks
5.Autoclaved aerated concrete blocks
Green Walling materials
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FLY ASH BRICKS
This material is eco friendly, reduces solid
waste and dust in the nature. It ismanufactured from Fly ash, Gypsum, alum and
stone crushing dust.
Appearance It has open cells (of varying size) textured
surface. Fly ash bricks have naturally occurring
reddish brown color similar to conventional
bricks.
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FLY ASH BRICKS
They are used as external & internal wall envelope.
These are 2 hrs fire rated, termites, and fungal decayresisted
Better insulating properties, also has better crushing
strength as compared to brick.
If cladding is done, requires less maintenance.
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Physical Appearance
Fly Ash Bricks are available in size
230x110x75 & 190x90x90 mm.
Density: 600 -1200 kg/cum.
Compressive strength: 3.5-30 N/sqmm with
class designation ranging from 3.5-30.
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Installation
Fly ash bricks are laid with a mortar layer, one course above the other.
The material is easy to finish, too. Exterior walls can be painted,
plastered, or finished with claddings. Interior surfaces can be
plastered, sheet rocked, tiled, painted, or simply left exposed.
Quality/durability
These are 2 hrs fire rated, termites, and fungal decay resisted. A zero
loss in mass is recorded after 15 cycles of soaking & drying conditions
of sodium sulphate solution, better then clay bricks which has certain
loss in mass.
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Initial cost - Rs 2500/cumEnergy efficiency :Embodied energy:- 2.5 MJ/Kg.Thermal insulation: 0.15-0.31 W/m.k
Sound insulation: 30 dB
Energy performance :Better insulating properties, also has better crushing strengthas compared to brick.
Maintenance :Unfinished exterior walls should be covered with an exteriorcladding or parged with mortar because when exposed tophysical damage, dirt, and water, atmospheric debris cancollect in the open cells.
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LimitationsUnfinished exterior walls are exposed to physical damage, dirt,and water, because atmospheric debris can collect in the open
cells.
Life span50 yrs
Appraisal - Market acceptabilityIt is better in all respects than brick but it is not used as much asbrick is used due to lack of awareness of the material.
ManufacturersDrona bricks (East of Kailash, N. Delhi), Puzzolana Greenbricks (Janakpuri, N.Delhi), Smart Associates (Woraiyur, N.Delhi)
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Hollow concrete block
The hollow blocks are made of cement, stone chips, stone
dust and sand. These blocks have more tensile strength, thewalls constructed from these blocks act as thermal
insulators because of their hollowness.
Used as exterior envelope.
It is resistant to fire (5 hrs rated), termites, and fungal decay.
Life span of 50 yrs.
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Properties
Compared with conventional brick, it will have lower energy
costs Because of better insulation.
Made of locally available material.
It is non-toxic.
Has good insulating property as compared to conventional.
Requires less maintenance.
Can be used as load bearing structural element up to 3 storey's.
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Appearance
It has generally gray color with rough texture.
The blocks are made in the sizes of 12x8x4 ; 12x8x3";
12x8x6", etc.
Density: 1500 kg/cum
Compressive strength: 3.5-7 N/sqmm
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Installation
Hollow concrete blocks are installed with a thin-set mortar. To
add strength, block or panels are cored and filled with grout and
reinforcement bar at stated intervals.
The material is easy to finish, too. Exterior walls can be painted,
plastered, or finished with claddings. Interior surfaces can be
plastered, sheet rocked, tiled, painted, or simply left exposed.
Quality/durability
It is resistant to fire (5 hrs rated), te
rmites, and fungal decay.
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Initial cost
Initial cost Rs 3000-3200/cum
Operational cost
Compared with conventional brick, it will have lower
energy costs Because of better insulation.
Resource efficiencyMade of locally available material.
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Energy efficiency
Has good insulating property as compared to conventional.
Embodied Energy: - 10.8 MJ/kg.
Thermal insulation: U-value-1.59
Sound insulation: Can do sound insulation upto 45dB.
Energy performance
High embodied energy but less operational cost.
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Appraisal - Market acceptabilitySlightly costlier than conventional bricks, provides good insulation
(thermal as well as sound) but still less used in buildings.
ManufacturersNilite concrete systems (Rao Harnath Marg, Kapashera, New
Delhi)
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Cellular light weight concrete
CLC is a lightweight concreteproduced by initially making
a slurry ofC
ement +Sand +FlyAsh (constituting 26% - 34% content) + water, which isfurther mixed with the
addition of pre-formed stablefoam in an ordinary concretemixer under ambient
conditions.
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CLC, like conventional concrete ages well, increasing its
strength by as much as 50% between 28 and 90 days after
pouring.
It doesnt affect the environment. No toxic gas emissions.
Due to its high sound insulating properties it is used as a
sound barrier between suspended structural floors, whereits light weight and strength is an added advantage.
Recyclable
Requires less maintenance
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The size for CLC blocks -500x250x200/100 mm.
This Cellular Lightweight Concrete (CLC) can be produced in
a wide range of densities from 400 kg/m3 to1,800 kg/m3 to suit
different applications.
Compressive strength: 2-6 N/sqmm
Physical properties (Dimensions & Weight)
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InstallationThey are installed with mortar layer between different courses.
Quality/durability
CLC
, like conventional concrete ages well, increasing its strengthby as much as 50% between 28 and 90 days after pouring, As long
as CLC draws humidity from the atmosphere it will keep on
increasing its mechanical properties.Initial cost
Rs. 2800-3000/cum
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Resource efficiency
In view the use of fly ash 33% (an environment polluting
industrial waste) being a major ingredient of CLC, CLC and this
being a good substitute of ordinary clay bricks
Benefits
Tremendous weight reduction
High thermal insulation
Optimum fire rating
Substantial material savings:
no gravel used little cement
less steel in structure and foundation
Easy and fast production
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L
ife spanCellular Light Weight concrete has a life-time span (minimum
100 years). It is expected that the strength would continue to
increase with continuing hydration.
Appraisal - Market acceptability
Promoted by BMTPC, used in low cost light weight structures.
Manufacturers in India
Hindustan Prefab Limited (Jangpura New Delhi), Aerocellcrete
India( Mayur Vihar Phase - II, Delhi), BERG India PVT. LTD
(Haus Khas, New Delhi).
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Autoclaved aerated concrete
it is an economical, sustainable, solid block that provides
thermal and acoustic insulation as well as fire and termite
resistance.
AAC is available in a variety of forms, ranging from wall
and roof panels to blocks and lintels. It is a non-organic,
non-toxic, airtight material that can be used for wall, floor,
and roof panels, blocks, and lintels
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Autoclaved aerated concrete:-
It is very light colored & grayish. It contains many small
voids that can be clearly seen when looked at closely. The
closed air pockets contribute to the materials insulating
properties and also its aerated nature. Although there is no
direct path for water to pass through the material, an
appropriate coating is required to prevent water penetratinginto the AAC material.
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Autoclaved aerated concrete:-
Blocks come 24, 32, and 48 inches long, between four to
16 inches thick, and eight inches high.
Density: 300kg/cum 1000 kg/cum
Compressive strength: 2-6 N/sqmm.
AAC is recyclable, made of locally available & recycled
material
There are no toxic substances and no odour in the final
product.
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Autoclaved aerated concrete
AAC is a green building material. It has little manufacturing
impact, is recyclable, does not off gas and provides termite,
water, fire, thermal and sound resistance.
Life span of 50 yrs.
Load-bearing structures up to three storeys high
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Compressed Earth Blocks
A local material
Ideally, the production is made on the site itself or in the nearby area. Thus,
it will save the transportation, fuel, time and money.
An adapted material
Being produced locally it is easily adapted to the various needs: technical,
social, cultural habits.
A transferable technology
It is a simple technology requiring semi skills, easy to get. Simple villagers
will be able to learn how to do it in few weeks. Efficient training centre will
transfer the technology in a week time.
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Reducing imports Produced locally by semi skilled people, no need import
from far away expensive materials or transport over long distances heavy and
costly building materials.
Fire resistant - non-combustible with excellent fire resistance properties.
Beneficial climatic performance in most regions due to its high thermal
capacity, low thermal conductivity and porosity, thus, it can moderate
extreme outdoor temperatures and maintain a satisfactory internal
temperature balance
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Density
- Dry: minimum: 1,700 kg/m
or 6.319 kg/block;
recommended: 2,000 kg/m or
7.434 kg/block.
- Freshly moulded: minimum:
1,870 kg/m or 6.950 kg/block;
recommended: 2,200 kg/m or
8.177 kg/block.