Networking Sandy

8/13/2019 Networking Sandy

1/28

NETWORKING

Sangeeta - 65Ankita - 98

Manju - 26


2/28

COMPUTER NETWORK

Networking is a practice of linking of two or more

computing devices such as PCs, printers, faxes etc.,

with each other Connection between two devices isthrough physical media or logical media to share

information, data and resources. Networks are made

with the hardware and software.


3/28


4/28

NETWORKING

File server:-A computer that stores and manages

files for multiple users on a network.

Web server:-A computer dedicated to responding torequests (from the browser client) for web pages.


5/28

Devices Use To Connect

Network

Routers

Gateways

Repeaters

Bridges

Hub

Modem


6/28

TYPES OF NETWORKS

LAN :- Local Area Network

MAN :- Metropolitan Network

WAN :- Wide Area Network

PAN :- Personal Area Network


7/28

Local Area Network (lan)

A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers

and associated devices that share a commoncommunications line or wireless link.

Typically, connected devices share the resources of

a single processor or server within a small geographic

area . A local area network may serve as few as two or

three users or as many as thousands of users.


8/28


9/28

Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)

A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that

interconnects users with computer resources in ageographic area or region larger than that covered by

even a large local area network but smaller than the

area covered by a wide area network (WAN).

It is also used to mean the interconnection of severallocal area networks by bridging them with backbone

lines.


10/28

WIDE Area Network (WAN)

The WAN is a communications network that makes

use of existing technology to connect local

computer networks into a larger working network that

may cover both national and international locations.

Devices used in WAN is only Router.


11/28


12/28

PERSONAL AREA NETWORK(PAN)

A wireless personal area network (WPAN) is a

personal area network a network for interconnecting

devices centered around an individual person'sworkspace in which the connections are wireless.

Wireless PAN is based on the standard IEEE 802.15.

The two kinds of wireless technologies used forWPAN are Bluetooth and Infrared Data Association.


13/28


14/28

Internet Connections

There are various technologies available that you can use to

connect a home computer to the Internet

A phone modem converts computer data into an analog audiosignal for transfer over a telephone line, and then a modem at

the destination converts it back again into data

A digital subscriber line (DSL) uses regular copper phone lines

to transfer digital data to and from the phone companys central

office

A cable modem uses the same line that your cable TV signals

come in on to transfer the data back and forth


15/28

Open Systems Interconnection(OSI)

The layers of the OSI

Reference Model

The International

Organization for

Standardization (ISO)

established the OpenSystems

Interconnection (OSI)

Reference Model

Each layer deals with aparticular aspect of

network

communication.


16/28


17/28


18/28


19/28

WHAT IS PROTOCOL

Within computer science, a communications

protocol is a system of digital rules for message

exchange within or between computers.


20/28

Network Protocols

Network protocols are layered such that each one

relies on the protocols that underlie it

Sometimes referred to as a protocol stack.

Layering of key network protocols


21/28

TCP/IP

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol :-

TCP software breaks messages into packets, hands them offto the IP software for delivery, and then orders and

reassembles the packets at their destination.

IP stands for Internet Protocol :-

IP software deals with the routing of packets through themaze of interconnected networks to their final destination.


22/28

High-Level Protocols

Other protocols build on the foundation established by

the TCP/IP protocol suite :-

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Telnet

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (http)


23/28

ROUTERS

Defn:-Router A router is specialized computer connected tomore than one network.

A router runs software that allows the device to move data from

one network to another.

Routers operate at the network layer (OSI Models layer 3).

The primary function of the router is to connects networks

together & keep certain kinds of broadcast traffic under control.

There are several companies that makes routers:

Cisco(Linksys), Juniper, Nortel(Bay Networks), Redback,

Lucent, 3Com & HP.


24/28


25/28

WIRELESS FIDELITY

Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired Technology,which is commonly used, for connecting devices in wireless

mode.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to theIEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local

Area Networks (WLANs).

Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to theinternet and to the wired network.

Wi-Fi works on physical and data link layer.


26/28

Application

Communication Field

Industries

Medical Field

Research Field

Organisations

School

College


27/28

CONCLUSION

Computer Networking is a very vast project in the

present developing era of electronics and

communication. Now a days, computers are used in a

wider range.All the organizations are using multiple computers

within their departments to perform their day to day

work.Computer network allows the user to share data

share folders and files withother users connected in anetwork.Computer Networking has bound the world in

a verysmall area with it wide networking processes like

LAN, MAN, WAN


28/28

Networking Sandy

Documents

Transcript of Networking Sandy