1. A PowerPoint Presentation Prepared by: Francielle Elaine Binuya Joyce Lindzel ReyesAngela Pamela Reyes

2. Nervous SystemNervous system controls and coordinates essential bodyfunctions. This system makes it possible for you to processinformation. 3. Nervous System But do you know where the Nervous System is? Do you know the organs of the Nervous System? Do these words sounds familiar to you? 4. Nervous System Cnidarians Flatworms 5. Nervous System Mammals 6. Human Nervous System 7. The Central Nervous System The central nervous system(CNS) is made of the brainand the spinal cord. It is protected by 2 sets of bones. skull protects the brain vertebral column- protects the spinal cord 8. The Brain The brain is located at the anterior end of the spinalcord. The spaces between the brain are called ventricles. 9. The Brain The brain is made up of two main parts: forebrain brainstem 10. The Forebrain The forebrain subdivides to form : telencephalon cerebrum diencephalon thalamus hypothalamus 11. Cerebrum 12. Hypothalamus and Thalamusthalamushypothalamus The hypothalamus is the bridge between the nervous messages beforeThe function of the thalamus is to sort and interpret theseand endocrine relaying themto the appropriate neurons in the cerebrum. regulates the pituitary gland. systems. It produces various hormones and 13. The Brainstem The brainstem functions below the level ofconsciousness , thus it is called the unconscious brain. The brainstem is the region of the brain that connectsthe cerebrum with the spinal cord. It is consists of : midbrain medulla oblongata pons 14. The Brainstem 15. Cerebellum 16. The Spinal Cord It contains a tiny ,centralcord descends down the middle From the brain the spinal canal filled withof the back and is is a long, thin, tubular bundle thenervousThe spinal cord surrounded and protected by of bony cerebrospinal fluid.tissue and support cells that extends from the brain. vertebral column. 17. Peripheral Nervous System 18. Peripheral Nervous System Somatic Nervous System - controls skeletal muscle aswell as external sensory organs. Autonomic Nervous System - controls involuntarymuscles, such as smooth and cardiac muscle. 19. Cells of the Nervous System 2 Kinds of Cells Neurons Glial Cells Neurons are specialized cells for the transmissionof messages from an organ or tissue to another. 20. Neurons 21. Glial Cells Glial cells, sometimes called neuroglia or simply gliaprovide support and protection for neurons. They are thus known as the "supporting cells" of thenervous system. Functions of glial cells are: to surround neurons and hold them in place to supply nutrients and oxygen to neurons, to insulate one neuron from another, and to destroy and remove the carcasses of dead neurons (clean up). 22. Glial Cells 23. How the Nervous System Works 24. How the Nervous System Works 25. How the Nervous System Works Stimulus- any factor that triggers a specific reaction. Sensory neuron- is the neuron that receives the stimulus. Motor neuron- the neuron that relays the information tothe part of the body for a response. 26. Sense organs carrymessages about theenvironment to thecentral nervoussystem. 27. The eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin are examples of sense organs The sense organs gather information (light, sound, heat, and pressure) from the environment 28. The eye is one of your sense organs. The eye is made of the iris and the pupil.The eye gathers pictures and sends them to thebrain.The colored part of the eye is the iris.The black part of the eye is thepupil. IrisPupilThe pupil becomes larger andsmaller as it controls the lightcoming into the eye. 29. The ear is the organ of hearing and balance. Hearing starts when some of the sound waves go into the ear. 30. How the Ear Works 31. The ear works with the brain to control your balance. The liquid in your inner ear is responsible for yourbalance The liquid in your ear moves when we move. Theliquid movement sends information to the brain totell it how we are moving. Loss of sight can be one of the factors that affectthe sense of balance. 32. Nose is the organ ofsmell. The nose has two holescalled nostrils. The nostrils and the nasalpassages are separated bya wall called the septum. Closer to the tip of yournose, the septum is madeof cartilage. 33. Behind your nose, in themiddle of your face, is aspace called the nasalcavity. It connects with the backof the throat. The nasalcavity is separated fromthe inside of your mouthby the palate (roof of yourmouth). 34. How the Nose Works 35. The tongue is the sense organof taste controlled by thereceptors called taste buds. The four kinds of tastesensations are sweet, sour,bitter, and salty. The tongue can also detect asensation called umami. Umami is a Japanese wordwhich means the savory tasteof amino acids. 36. The sense of touch is located in the skin. The nerves in the skin allow us to feel texture, pressure, heat, cold, and pain. 37. Thank You For Watching &ListeningRemember : The nervous system is a complex network of nervesand cells that carry messages to and fromthe brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body. The nervous system includes both the Central nervoussystem and Peripheral nervous system. The Central nervous system is made up of the brainand spinal cord . The Peripheral nervous system is made up of theSomatic and the Autonomic nervous systems.