NEEDED ASEAN DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM FOR SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE USE INICIATIVE(ESQED = “Environmentally Sound with Quadruple-E Development “, to Ensure

Quantity-Quality-Availability of Food-Energy-Water Across Decades, Across Generations, Across ASEAN Countries)

By: Ir. Fachrurrozie Sjarkowi, M.Sc (Oxon), Ph.D (Kent)S1 Unsri /IPB (1976)

S2 Oxford University, Inggeris (1980)S3 University of Kentucky, USA (1986)

Post-Doc. Univ of Tennessee, USA (1994)Ketua PPLH-Unsri (1987-1997) & Ketua BK-PSL seIndonesia (1990-1992) Kepala Bappedalda, BKPMD, & Bappeda Provinsi Sumsel (2000-2003)

Mitra Peneliti Internasional: CIMTROP-UniEropa & ACIAR-Australia (1999-2015)

Ketua DRD (Dewan Riset Daerah Sumsel) mitra Balitbangda & DRNKetua Dewan Pakar MP-ICMI Sumsel (2016-2021)

REKTOR UNIVERSITAS MUSIRAWAS

ASEAN Specific Paradigm? YES !

What Good Is Such A Specific Paradigm ?

~ It highlights 3-important messages:

1) The urgency of fundamental change in the way we pursue our ultimate goal, for which each member country must work harder & faster.

2) The complacency of on time achieving what we might already committed to call; ‘One Vision, One Identity & One Community’ of ASEAN.

3) The optimality of effort to ascertain proper road map of the missions as triggered by scien-tific works of Higher Education Institutions.

F. Sjarkowi, 2018

MAIN HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE AEC BLUEPRINTI. Single Market and Production Base: 5 core elements:

Liberalization Facilitation

Free flow of

goods

Tariff & NTB elimination

Synchronized external tariff

alignment

Customs integration Standards and technical

barriers to trade

Free flow of

services

Full market access & nat-ional

treatment Remove

substantially all restrict-ions

on trade in services

Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) on

professional services; professional exchange

Free flow of

investment

All industries and services

incidental to these indust-

ries to ASEAN investor

Transparency; streamlined procedures,

avoidance of double taxation; joint promotion

Free flow of

capital

Relax capital control

measures on intra-ASEAN

portfolio investments

Harmonize capital market-standards; facilitate

market diven efforts to establish exchange and

debt market linkages

Free flow of

skilled labour

Remove discrimination on

employment

Harmonization of standards in education and

training; MRA on vocational training

Priority Integration Sectors (PIS): Biannual monitoring on the status, progress & effective-ness of the PIS roadmaps to ensure timely impl’n. Identify specific project thr regular dialogs.Food, Agr & Forestry : Enhance trade & long-term competitiveness ; Promote cooperation with international & regional organizations & private sec tors.

II. Competitive Economic Region Develop a competition policy

Strengthen consumer protection

Regional cooperation in intellectual property rights (IPRs)

Regional cooperation in infrastructure development

Complete network of bilateral agreements on avoidance of double taxation

Promote electronic commerce (e-commerce)

III. Equitable Economic Development Accelerate the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

Enhance the Initiative for ASEAN integration (IAI) to narrow the development gap

IV. Integration into the Global Economy Achieve a coherent approach towards external economic relations, including its

negotiations for free trade area (FTAs) and comprehensive economic partnerships

(CEP) agreements

Enhance participation in global supply networks

Continued…MAIN HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE AEC BLUEPRINT

Does FEW Really Matter ? Sure ![From The Perspective of Environmentally Sound & Sustainable Development]

Food

Energy WaterAutomatic energy fund allocation (AEFA) must apply in every step of energy trading

High cost rehabilitation of natural support of post mining pollution & landscape damage

BASIC & APPLIED RESEARCH ES (R&D) NEED SPECIAL SOURCE OF FUND TO BE CALLED HEREWITH

AEFA FOR ASEAN F.E.W.

ASEAN COUNTRIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVES

• In year 2017 the ASEAN population density was already about 149 /Km2 = [653M : 4.34M Km2], and 48.7% of the people are geographically urbanized that bring with them various socio-economic consequences.

• The economy of ASEAN is to large extend natural resource based and agro-based industries, that could trigger classic environmental problems such as in-land and sea water pollution, solid wastes, flooding, drought and forest fire.

F. Sjarkowi, 2018

• Those environmental problems could be much further exacerbated by the coming of el-Nino or la-Nina that might cause an extreme regional weather; hot temperature and unusual rainfall fluctuation usually followed by flooding and severe drought.

• Millennial problems of F.E.W. shortages would be faced unexceptionally by all ASEAN countries in the coming decades; some strategic anticipation should be put forward multi-laterally, bilaterally, apart from unilateral action conducted eagerly in each country.

ASEAN COUNTRIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVES ... Cont’d.

F. Sjarkowi, 2018

Member Country Population 2012 2018 2014-

2018

Masalah Lingkungan

Brunei Darusalam 428.697 1.0 2.4 2.3 Degrading

Biodiversity & Lost

in Endangered

Spc

Flooding &

Prolonged Dry

Season

Problem with

Water Resource

Quantity, Quallity

Coastal Damage

Due to Off-shore

Oil Spilled

Mishandling of

Dangerous and

Toxic Materials

Kamboja 16.005.373 7.2 7.1 6.8

Indonesia 263.991.379 6.2 6.1 6.0

Laos 6.858.160 7.9 7.5 7.7

Malaysia 31.624.264 5.6 5.3 5.1

Myanmar 53.370.609 - 7.0 6.8

Filipina 104.918.090 6.8 5.9 5.8

Singapura 5.708.844 1.3 3.1 3.3

Thailand 69.037.513 6.5 5.3 4.9

Vietnam 95.037.513 5.2 6.0 5.4

Average Growth of

ASEAN GDP 5.5 5.6 5.4

ASEAN MEMBER COUNTRIES’ GDP

Negara Produksidalam MTOE

Minyak Gas Batubara Air Total

Brunei Dslm 8.1 11.5 19.6

Kamboja 0.0

Indonesia 45.6 68.0 199.8 3.5 317.0

Laos 0.3 0.3

Malaysia 26.6 55.6 1.7 83.9

Myanmar 11.2 11.2

Filipina 0.4 2.5 2.1 5.0

Singapura 0.0

Thailand 13.9 33.3 6.0 1.8 55.1

Vietnam 15.9 7.7 24.9 6.7 55.2

Total 110.5 187.3 233.2 16.2 547.2

ENERGY PRODUCTION IN ASEAN MEMBER COUNTRY, 2013

• A new paradigm of sustainable development is for the good and effective cooperation among the ASEAN countries, then it must include ideally 4-E principles:

1) EFFICIENT production must mean thrifty use of NRs for ensuring sufficient F.E.W. needed across ASEAN countries.

2) EFFECTIVE distribution of distribution of production skill for sufficient F.E.W dedicated to current & future generations across ASEAN countries

3) EQUITABLE consumption of F.E.W. for the sake of save and healthy environment within each ASEAN country though of different income.

4) ELOQUENT policy orientation towards high productivity, save distribution, and rational consumption of F.E.W.

• A new paradigm of sustainable development is to be named herewith “ESQED”(Environmentally Sound with Quadruple-E Development). Notice that:a) Principle #1) is essentially the necessary condition. b) Principles #2), 3) & 4) are the sufficient condition. c) Principles #1) up to 4) should be conceptually elaborated as follows.

WHICH PARADIGM ? ‘ESQEDS’ !(Towards Sustainable Development with Stronger Base of Environmental Policies on FEW)

F. Sjarkowi, 2018

Principle -1:(1) Development plan for ASEAN resource use for FEW. should be designed holistic-integrated-systemic & location specific.(1a) Holistic essentially means ‘neat spatial arrangement’(1b) Integrated essentially means ‘avoid food webs destruction’(1c) Systemic essentially means ‘from cradle to grave formation’

HENCE ASEAN ‘F.E.W’ BASED ECONOMY COULD PROMOTE REGIONAL STABILITY

(2) Development glue for environmental creed is “tree planting” that ought to be proportionally done following any kind of resource use activity in any landscape.(2a) Tree growing action in a large portion of landscape must be conducted in

accordance with social forestry framework.(2b) Tree growing action on land of those small-holders may take place at

acreage border of & among each land plot. (2c) Tree growing action that people mattered must be of the species that may

provided the poor with various NTPs (non-tree products)

“ELABORATION #1: Towards ASEAN Stability”EFFICIENT production must mean thrifty use of NRs for the

sake of sufficient F.E.W. supply across ASEAN countries:

F. Sjarkowi, 2018

Principle-2:

(1) One main indicator of successful cooperation among ASEAN member countries is certainly its capability to maintain sufficient F.E.W. production followed by effective supply across generations(1a) Capable should be in terms of intellectual alert and rational action to increase

production annually (1b) Effective should be in terms of no volume lack, no time lag, and no set-back culturally

and politically what so ever. (1c) Supply distribution should be in terms of fulfilling deficit by the surplus country while

catching up a standard nutritive value.

ASEAN ‘F.E.W’ SHOULD BECOME PROPORTIONALLY FULFILLED BY OWN PRODUCTIVITY

(2) On the QQA (Quantity, Quality & Availability) of F.E.W commodities, then special attention must be given to: (2a) Every closest neighbouring countries has to arrange one’s surplus distribution for the

sake of low cost economy within ASEAN countries.(2b) Every type of F.E.W commodity must be attempted to be homogenized for every

member country .(2c) Every business transaction on F.E.W should be made simple and prompt in support of

effective delivery. F. Sjarkowi, 2018

“ELABORATION #2; Towards ASEAN Productivity”EFFECTIVE distribution of production skill for sufficient QQA dedicated

to current & future generations across ASEAN countries

Principle-3: (1) In terms of own production potential for own consumption,

ASEAN member country is naturally country specific, and so approach towards equitability is badly needed in that: (1a) ASEAN should has its common standard of ideal F.E.W. Level of consumption to be

achieved for the sake of natural resource saving(1b) ASEAN should be ready abided by common regulation on the acceptable price disparity

specific for F.E.W. across member countries (1c) ASEAN should be collaborated upon common interest to make serious effort consistently

to become net exporters for F.E.W. to the rest of world.

AERAGE CALORY & NUTRITIVE VALUE IN F.E.W CONSUMPTION OUGHT TO BE LED TOWARDS HOMOGENIZED LEVEL REFLECTING ASEAN EQUITABILITY

(2) If principle-3 is fulfilled then F.E.W. safety and sovereignty becomes constantly maintained;

(1a) Equitability in consumption across member countries is always based on proportional increase in productivity in the ASEAN producing countries.

(1b) Equitability in cost sharing on developing production technology, that is to be burdened proportionally heavier to the non surplus producing countries.

(1c) Equitability in effort to control natural resource degradation followed by trans-boundary pollution to be handled upon common responsibility on F.E.W. QQA

F. Sjarkowi, 2018

“ELABORATION #3; Towards ASEAN Equitability”EQUITABLE consumption of F.E.W. for the sake of safety and

healthy environment within each ASEAN country.

Principle-4:

(1) Sustainable ASEAN‘s FEW requires rational measure of target achieve-ment with efficient use of resources, through effective efforts by intelligent & diligent human resources, under collaborative work within each member countries:(1a) The rational measure of sufficient production & stock of F.E.W. for all member countries is

necessarily achieved by regular action-research & training for technology transfer . (1b) The resource use efficiency must apply even for renewable resource base for F.E.W

production-distribution-consumption (1c) The reflective collaboration is ideally scheduled for each member country assigned

responsible for an advancement of a specific F.E.W commodity.

HARMONY IN EVERY COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS AS INFLICTED BY ELOQUENT POLICY ON THE F.E.W WOULD SURELY GUARANTEE ASEAN SUSTAINABILITY

(2) Sufficiency in terms of QQA of F.E.W for every member country is expectably fulfilled from year to year and decade to decade as long as the required ASEAN policy instrument is always updated to match advancement of science and technology development, such that: (1a) Innovative business could be boosted due to the updated policy instrument(1b) Internal efforts should trigger reuse-recovery-recycle-recuperation of waste & effluent.(1c) Initiative constantly challenged to minimise socio-entropy (s-psychological, s-ecological,

s-economic, and socio-cultural entropies) that may cause social chaos within a country. F. Sjarkowi, 2018

“ELABORATION #4; Towards ASEAN Sustainability”ELOQUENT policy orientation targeting at high productivity,

safe distribution, and rational consumption of F.E.W.

CONCLUDING REMARKS

Appropriate Environmentally Sound Policy On Natural Resource Uses And Proper Action Plan For Maintaining ASEAN Food-Energy-Water Sustainable Are Supposed to Be Designed Scientifically Strong and Location Specific for Each ASEAN Member Country

Appropriate F.E.W. Development Program Is Supposed to Be Based on Proper but Prompt Scientific Arguments Worked by Scientists Across All Member Countries; and for That Matter A Specific ASEAN Development Paradigm Called ESQED Needed to Trigger Researches

Automatic Energy Fund Allocation (AEFA) Has to Be Enacted in Line with Every Step of Energy Trading within ASEAN Member Country And with Other Trading Partner Outside ASEAN Member Countries, from Which Fund Scientific Endeavours on F.E.W. Will Be Financed.

RefferencesDas, Sanchita B. 2012. Achieving The ASEAN Economic Community 2015 (Challenges for Member Countries & Businesses). 347 halaman . First Published in Singapore in 2012 By ISEAS Publishing Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-981-4379-65-6

DirektoratJendralKerjasama ASEAN KementrianLuar Negeri Republik Indonesia. 2017. ASEAN Selayang Pandang ( SatuVisi ,Satu Identitas, Satu Masyarakat). Edisike 22, tahun 2017. SekretariatDirektoratJendralKerjasama ASEAN KementrianLuar Negeri Republik Indonesia. ISBN 978-602-50496-0-6

Harefa, Atika O. &Badarudin, M. 2016. Posisi Indonesia pada Kerja Sama Energi Regional dalamMemasuki Era Masyarakat Ekonnomi ASEAN Studikasus( ASEAN Power Grid). ProsidingSeminar nasional INDOCOMPAC. Universitas Bakrie; JakartaSjarkowi, F. 2016. Agro-Ekosistem&SisaEkosistemLahanBasahLestari;PenopangKedaulatanPangan dan Kemakmuran NKRI ). 429 halaman. Penerbit CV Baldad GrafitiPress, Palembang. ISBN.

Sjarkowi, F. 2005. Ekonomi Sumberdaya Alami dan Lingkungan. Jilid II, 300 halaman. PenerbitCV Baldad Grafiti Press, Palembang. ISBN 979-96207-0-8, dan akan segera menyusul Jilid II-nya).

Sjarkowi, F. 2015. Teori Kedaultan Pangan (Etika-Pragmatika Bijak Pembngunan UntukMembumikannya. 362 Halaman. Penerbit CV Baldad Grafiti Press, Palembang. ISBN 979-587-557-4)