NEBOSH National Diploma Unit A Health & Safety · PDF fileNEBOSH National Diploma - online...
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© Astutis Ltd NEBOSH National Diploma Unit A Health & Safety Management
Transcript of NEBOSH National Diploma Unit A Health & Safety · PDF fileNEBOSH National Diploma - online...
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NEBOSH National Diploma
Unit A
Health & Safety Management
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Agenda
• Content not covered in other sessions– Law (A2-A4 / A8-A10)
– Human and Organisational Factors (A9-A10 / A6-A7)
– FTA / ETA / HAZOP (A7 / A4)
• A1 Principles – Societal Factors - SMS / IMS
• A5 Loss causation – RIDDOR / causation
• A6 Measuring and reviewing – Performance measurement
• A8 Risk Control - PTW
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Caveats
• Questions selected to stimulate understanding and practise technique
• No idea what is on the exam
• 10 elements / 48 learning outcomes / 11 questions
• Prepare for ALL learning outcomes
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Bren’s 10 Commandments
i. Read the question carefully
ii. Read the entire question
iii. Read the question again!
iv. Heed command words – bold, italics, CAPITALS
v. Plan your answer
vi. 1.5 minutes per point
vii.Make a point to earn a point
viii.Start a new line for each new point
ix. Relate answer to context / scenario
x. Read your answer –check for logic, flow, number of points etc
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Element A1:
Principles of health and safety management
Learning outcomes• A1.1 Explain the moral, legal and economic reasons for
the effective management of health and safety• A1.2 Outline the societal factors which influence an
organisation’s health and safety standards and priorities
• A1.3 Outline the uses of, and the reasons, for introducing a health and safety management system
• A1.4 Explain the principles and content of an effective health and safety management system including the reasons for integration with other management systems.
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Past Question July 2015
• Societal factors may be said to include the economic climate, government policy and initiatives, industry/business risk profile, globalisation of business, migrant workers and national levels of sickness absence and incapacity.
• Using EACH of these factors as separate headings, outline how this range of societal factors might influence health and safety standards and priorities. (20)
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Answer?
• Economic climate
• Government policy and initiatives
• Industry/business risk profile
• Globalisation of business
• Migrant workers
• National levels of sickness absence and incapacity
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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A1 Past Question January 2012
• An organisation is proposing to move from a health and safety management system based on the Health and Safety Executive’s HSG65 model to one that aligns itself with BS OHSAS 18001
• Outline the possible advantages AND disadvantages of such a change. (10)
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AnswerAdvantages
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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AnswerAdvantages
• Easier integration with BS EN ISO 14001 and ISO 9001:2008
• Publicity value• Improved employee and customer
perception• Improved international recognition• A clearer standard for
benchmarking• Commitment to continual
improvement• External registration and
independent external assessment • A more prescriptive system might
be easier to assess
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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AnswerDisadvantages
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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AnswerDisadvantages
• HSG65 is recognised and used by the enforcement authorities in the UK
• Much published guidance in the UK refers directly to HSG65
• On-costs of changing the system
• Time
• Cost of external registration
• Increased bureaucracy
• Change may be perceived as unnecessary
• Model may be too sophisticated for SME’s
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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AnswerAdvantages
• Easier integration with BS EN ISO 14001 and ISO 9001:2008
• Publicity value• Improved employee and customer
perception• Improved international recognition• A clearer standard for
benchmarking• Commitment to continual
improvement• External registration and
independent external assessment • A more prescriptive system might
be easier to assess
Disadvantages
• HSG65 is recognised and used by the enforcement authorities in the UK
• Much published guidance in the UK refers directly to HSG65
• On-costs of changing the system
• Time
• Cost of external registration
• Increased bureaucracy
• Change may be perceived as unnecessary
• Model may be too sophisticated for SME’s
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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Past Question
Explain the benefits of:
a) an integrated health and safety, environmental, and quality management system (10)
b) separate health and safety environmental, and quality management systems. (10)
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Benefits of Integration
Explain: Provide an understanding / make an idea or relationship clear
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Benefits of Integration
• Consistency of format / avoidance of duplication in procedural, record-keeping, compliance auditing and software area / lower overall cost
• Avoiding narrow decision making – solving a technical problem in one area but creating a problem in another
• Focus on the overall needs of the organisation rather than an individual discipline
• Cross fertilisation - applying the benefits from good initiatives in one area to other areas
• Encouraging closer working and equal influence amongst specialists• Encouraging the spread of a positive culture across all three
disciplines • Providing scope for the integration of other risk areas such as
security or product safety
Explain: Provide an understanding / make an idea or relationship clear
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Benefits of Separate Systems
Explain: Provide an understanding / make an idea or relationship clear
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Benefits of Separate Systems
• More flexible - tailored to business needs in terms of system complexity and operating philosophy – (e.g., safety standards must meet minimum legal
requirements whereas quality standards can be set internally – therefore, the need for a more complex system in one element may not be mirrored by a similar need in the other two elements)
• Separate systems clearer for – external stakeholders – regulators
• More detailed and focused approach to auditing and standards
Explain: Provide an understanding / make an idea or relationship clear
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Element A5: Loss causation and incident investigation
Learning outcomes
• A5.1 Outline theories/models and use of loss causation techniques
• A5.2 Explain the use of quantitative methods in analysing loss data
• A5.3 Explain the significance and use of statutory and internal reporting of loss events
• A5.4 Explain the reasons for loss and near miss investigations and the procedures to be followed.
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Past Question July 2015
• The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 (RIDDOR) set out requirements for the reporting and recording of accidents in which workers or non-workers suffer fatal or non-fatal injuries as a result of a work-related accident. In relation to such accidents, outline:i. the reporting requirements (10)ii. the recording requirements (5)
• Good accident investigation requires an analysis of information that has already been gathered so that immediate and root causes of the accidents can be identified.
• Describe methods or techniques that can be used during such an analysis to help in the identification of immediate and root causes (5)
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Reporting Requirements
• NB fatal / non-fatal injuries – no illness - no dangerous occurrence
• Who reports? / Who is the duty holder?
• Who is the report sent to?
• How is the report sent?
• When does the report need to be sent?
• What needs to be reported?
• What about notification?
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Record Keeping
• Who needs to keep a record?
• Of what?
• What detail needs to be included?
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Identification of Immediate and Root Causes
• Incident investigation techniques – causal chain – root causes
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Element A6: Measuring and reviewing health and safety performance
Learning outcomes
• A6.1 Explain the purpose and use of performance measurement in relation to health and safety objectives and arrangements
• A6.2 Explain the need for, and the objectives and limitations of, health and safety monitoring
• A6.3 Describe the variety of health and safety monitoring and measurement techniques
• A6.4 Explain the need for and process of reviewing health and safety performance
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A6 Past Question July 2015
According to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) publication 'Managing for health and safety' (HSG65), performance measurement is an integral part of a health and safety management system.
• Explain the purpose of performance measurement (6)
• Outline factors that should be considered in order to help ensure the successful implementation of a health and safety management system (4)
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Purpose of Performance Measurement
Explain: Provide an understanding / make an idea or relationship clear
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Purpose of Performance Measurement
• To generate management information for review– Trend analysis
• Reassurance re adequacy of controls• To evaluate the ongoing effectiveness of existing
controls• Identify gaps or weaknesses in existing controls• Give the organisation the opportunity to learn fro its
mistakes• Check levels of legal compliance• Reward good management• Enable continual improvementExplain: Provide an understanding / make an idea or relationship clear
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Successful Implementation of HSMS
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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Successful Implementation of HSMS
• Top level commitment
• Management engagement
• Workforce participation
• Suitable proportionate management system
• Competent advice
• Resourcing
Outline: Indicate the principle features or parts of
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Element A7: The assessment and evaluation of risk
Learning outcomes
• A7.1 Explain how to use internal and external information sources in identifying hazards and the assessing of risk
• A7.2 Outline the use of a range of hazard identification techniques
• A7.3 Explain how to assess and evaluate risk and to implement a risk assessment programme
• A7.4 Explain the analysis, assessment and improvement of system failures and system reliability with the use of calculations
• A7.5 Explain the principles and techniques of failure tracing methodologies with the use of calculations
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Element A8: Risk control
Learning outcomes
• A8.1 Explain the use of common risk management strategies
• A8.2 Outline factors to be taken into account when selecting risk controls
• A8.3 Explain the development, main features and operation of safe systems of work and permit-to-work systems
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A8 Past Question July 2016
• Outline the essential features of permit-to-work systems (10)
• NB Detail of the content of permit forms is not required
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Answer Plan – Two minutes
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Answer Points - 1
• Clear identification of persons responsible for authorising particular jobs (and any limits to their authority) (Issuing authority)
• Clear identification of persons responsible for specifying necessary precautions
• Clear identification of the types of hazardous work
• Display of Permit at point of work
• Clear and standardised identification of tasks and undertaking of risk assessment
• Time limited - permitted task duration
• Control of supplemental or simultaneous activity
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Answer Points - 2
• Competence - Training and instruction in the issue, use and closure of permits
• Supervision, monitoring and auditing to ensure that the system works as intended
• Arrangements for ‘hand-back’ after completion of work
– Ensuring workplace, plant, equipment etc are safe
• Arrangements for
– Suspensions of PTW
– Shift hand-overs
– Managing overlapping / interacting permits – coordination and control
• Record keeping
