Nanomaterials for Solar Energy Conversion and Applications

8/19/2019 Nanomaterials for Solar Energy Conversion and Applications

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GUIDED BY: Mr. HIMANSHU KO

PREPARED BY: SHAMA PATE

omaterials for Solar Energy Conversand it’s Applications


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Introduction

Solar Energy: Energy from sun Abundant Clean Renewable

Nanomaterials: Material wit at least one dimension between !"

!## nm$ Small si%e and larger surface area

Nanotecnology in ybrid solar cells could improve teperformance and reduce te cost of &' cells and modules$Nanotecnology migt be able to increase te e(ciency of solar

cells and also reduces te manufacturing cost$ Nanostructures can allow e(cient solar cells to be made from

ceaper and conventional materials li)e silicon and titaniumdio*ide+ involving nanomaterials wit solar cells can ma)e use of,#- of available solar energy itting te cells as compared to !#"./- in most advanced solar cells


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Nanotecni0ues for Solar Energy Conversion

Billions of tiny hols: 1i0uid processing to put billions of nano"si%ed oles in eac s0uare inc of surface of cell ence reducingte amount of sunligt re2ected away$

Th N!no S!n"#i$h: A tin strip of plastic sandwiced betweentop layer made of metal mes and bottom of metal 3lm$

4ic)ness+ spacing and diameter of oles are smaller tanwavelengt of ligt tat it collects and ence it acts as blac) oletat traps ligt$

Sol!r%&oll$tin' P!int: A stable electricity conducting li0uid3lled wit solar"collecting nano crystals+ wic can be painted or

printed to glass or roof panels$ Tiny !ntnn!: 4iny nanoscale antenna arrays wic would

ta)e in a wider range of fre0uencies and collect 5# percent ofavailable energy in sunligt$

Sun &lus Nanotecnology: Can Solar Energy 6et 7igger by 4in)ing Small8+ retrieved on Agust 9+ .#! from ttp:news$nationalgeograpic$comnewsenergy.#!;#,!;#,.


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Conventional and &lastic Solar Cells

7ul)y structure$

=perates wen sun energy isavailable$

>sed for large applicationswit big budgets$

Compact$

Can turn sun power to electricalenergy even on cloudy day$

?easible+ can be sewn into fabric

ence wide range ofapplications$

Re0uire iger maintenance+constant monitoring andrelatively sort life span$

red &lastic Solar Cells + retrieved @ecember ./+ .#!/ from ttp:www$creativeworld


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Recent @evelopment &roects in Nano"Solar ?ield

UK !n" In"i!: >niversity of Surrey+ Bueen’s >niversity 7elfastand Indian Institute of Science Education and Researc e*aminete use of %inc"o*ide nanomaterials in ultra"ig"sensitivity gassensors$ 4ese sensors can be used in environmental monitoringdevice to deliver improved sensitivity and increased energy

e(ciency &hin! !n" P!(ist!n: Cinese 3rms are building te worlds

largest solar power farm in &a)istan tat consists of /$. millionpotovoltaic cells and will produce energy to power ;+.#+###ouseolds$

R)ssi!: 4oms) State >niversity4S>’sD scientists are wor)ing onmanufacturing 2e*ible solar cargers using 6raet%el cells tatcan be tailored in sape for a variety of uses$

an researcers develop ligter+ more 2e*ible solar cells+ retrieved on =ctober 9+ .#!/ from:www$pv"maga%ine$comnewsdetailsbeitragrussian"researcers"develop"ligter""more"2e*ible"solar"cellsF!###!955.Gi*%%;wu&6@5HS

http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/russian-researchers-develop-lighter--more-flexible-solar-cells_100018772/http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/russian-researchers-develop-lighter--more-flexible-solar-cells_100018772/


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Applications

Applications of Nano" Solar Cell includes eating of water+ cooling+automobile+ communication$ It is also used in Energy andEnvironment 3eld$

Maor professional applications are:

O$!n n!*i'!tion !i"s: Many ligtouses and most buoys arenow powered by solar cells$

Tl$o++)ni$!tion syst+s: Radio transceivers on mountaintops+ or telepone bo*es in te country can often be solarpowered$

R+ot +onitorin' !n" $ontrol: Scienti3c researc stations+

seismic recording+ weater stations etc use very little powerwic+ in combination wit a dependable battery+ is providedreliably by a small &' module$

&!tho"i$ ,rot$tion : 4is is a metod for sielding metal wor)from corrosion+ for e*ample+ pipelines and oter metal structures$

A &' system is well suited to tis application since a @C source ofpower is re0uired in remote locations along te pat of a pipeline $7ene3ts and applications+ retrieved on September !,+ .#!/ from ttp:www$nano$govyounanotecnology"bene3ts


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Advantages

4e power source of te sun is absolutely free$

4e production of solar energy produces no pollution$

4e tecnological advancements in solar energy system avemade tem e*tremely cost eective$

Systems do not re0uire any maintenance during teir lifespan+wic means you never ave to put money into tem$

Most systems ave a lifespan of ;# to ,# years$

Most systems carry a full warranty for ;# to ;/ years or more$

>nli)e traditional monstrous panel system+ many modern systems

are slee)er suc as >ni"Solar rolls tat lay directly on te roof li)eregular roo3ng materials$

Nano solar energy can be fed bac) to te utilities to eliminate teneed for a storage system as well as elimination or dramaticallyreducing your electric bills$

Solar energy systems are now designed for particular needs$Advantages+ retrived on @ecember ;#+ .#!/ from ttp:www$ieecse$com'!N/"##/$pdf


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@isadvantages

Silver is te best conductor of electricity aving very lowresistance and increases its e(ciency$

4e entire process of manufacture is still very e*pensive as silveris used for interconnection of tese cells in te panel+ wic is avery e*pensive metal$

&ractical problem lin)ed wit te use of solar cell panels isregarding te storage of electricity general by tem$

Nano solar cell are producing @C electric$ Nano solar cells are notproducing AC electric $

isadvantages+ retrievd on @ecemver ;#+ .#!/ from ttp:www$ieecse$com'!N/"##/$pdf


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Nano"Solar : Hey to sustainable future

Jit increasing energy callenge and a climate callenge it isnecessary to bring innovation in energy tecnologies and toprovide socially acceptable solutions troug energy savingsKe(ciency gainsK and decarboni%ation$ Nanomaterials andnanoscale applications plays signi3cant role ere$

Nanotecnology for Solar energy collection and conversion is oneof te 3ve Signature Initiatives funded by te >$S$ NationalNanotecnology Initiative$

4e goals are to enance understanding of conversion andstorage penomena at te nanoscale+ improve nanoscale

caracteri%ation of electronic properties+ and elp enableeconomical nano manufacturing of robust devices$

4e initiative as tree maor trust areas:L improve potovoltaic solar electricity generationKL improve solar termal energy generation and conversionKL improve solar"to"fuel conversions$

anotecnology and energy " a pat to a sustainable future from ttp:www$nanower)$comspotligtspotid,#9,;$pp


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Conclusion

Nanotecnology can revolutioni%e energy system form fuel cellsto cell pone batteries to space e0uipments$

If solar farms become a reality tey can save te planets problemof depending too muc on fossil fuels witout te cance ofpolluting te environment$ A lot of researc as still to be done toma)e tis tecnology commercially practicable$

Nanomaterials for Solar Energy Conversion and Applications

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