Nail Structure & Growth
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Transcript of Nail Structure & Growth
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NAIL STRUCTURE &
GROWTHModule 09 – 12’
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INTRODUCTION ** write on page 198** Reflect general health of body Educate yourself
Natural nail’s structure & growth
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WHY STUDY NAIL STRUCTURE AND GROWTH? You can expertly groom, strengthen &
Beautify nails Knowing the difference between cuticle
& eponychium Prepare you for advanced nail services
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THE NATURAL NAIL Technical name Onyx Natural nail
Hard protective plate Protein – Keratin Appendage of the skin (integumentary system)
Composed of keratin Same as found in hair & skin
Healthy nail Whitish Translucent Pinkish color of nail bed showing through Firm flexible
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Did You Know page 198 & 199 Porous to water Water content
Relative to humidity of surrounding environment
15% - 25%Directly effects flexibility
Oil-based nail conditioner/nail polish Improve flexibilityReduce water loss
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NAIL ANATOMY
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NAIL PLATE Most visible and functional part Hardened keratin plate sits on and
slides across nail bed 100 layers of nail cells Free Edge
Extends over tip of finger/toe
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NAIL BEDLiving skin on which the nail plate sitsRichly supplied with blood vesselsPinkish areaSupplied with nerves
Bed epitheliumThin layer of tissue attaching the nail plate
to the nail bedHelps guide nail plate along bed as it grows
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MATRIX Natural nail is formed Contains
NervesLymphBlood vessels to nourish cells
Create new cells as long as healthy Extends under the nail fold at base of
nail to nail plate
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LunulaLighter color shows the true color of matrix
Growth can be effectedPoor healthNail disorder or disease is present Injury to matrix
** FYI page 200
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CUTICLE Dead colorless tissue attached to plate Seal the space between natural plate
and living skin abovePrevents injury and infection
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EPONYCHIUM Living skin at base of nail plate covering
matrix area Cuticle is dead tissue Eponychium is living tissue – legally we
cannot cut
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HYPONYCHIUM Slightly thickened layer of skin
underneath free edge Creates seal under nail plate to prevent
microorganisms from invading and infecting nail bed
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SPECIALIZED LIGAMENTS Ligament
Tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place
Specialized ligamentsAttach nail bed and matrix to the underlying
bone
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NAIL FOLDS Nail folds
Folds of normal skin that surround nail plateForm nail groves
Nail groovesSlits or furrows on sides of nail on which it
moves as it grows Sidewall – lateral nail fold
Fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail
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NAIL GROWTH Growth of nail plate affected:
NutritionExercisePerson’s general health
Length, width and curvature of matrix determine the thickness, width and curvature of the natural nail plate
Longer matrix produces Thicker nail plate
Highly curved matrix createsHighly curved free edge
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GROWTH Average growth – normal adult is 1/10”
per month Faster
SummerChildrenMiddle finger
Slower WinterElderlyThumb
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Rate increases dramatically in last trimester of pregnancyHormonal changes in body
Rate decreases dramatically after delivery
Returns to normal as hormones levels return to normal
prenatal care vitaminsMyth – makes grow fasterGrow faster whether taken or not (hormone
changes) Toenails grow thicker, harder and slower Did you Know? Page 202
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NAIL MALFORMATION Disease, injury, or infection occurs in
matrixShape or thickness of nail plate can change
Natural nail will grow as long as matrix is healthy and undamaged
Replacement natural fingernail – 4 – 6 months
Replacement natural toenails – 9 - 12 months
Nails are not shed automatically or periodically as does hair
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KNOW YOUR NAILS Creativity must be rounded in a full
awareness of the structure and physiology of nails and the surrounding tissue