Summary of the Week: The United States’ involvement in the Spanish-American War led toincreased U.S. economic expansion and imperialism.

Social Studies Standards:5.1.P Summarize how the United States’ involvement in the Spanish AmericanWar led to increased U.S. economic expansion and imperialism.

Enduring Understandings: The United States’ involvement in the Spanish-American Warled to increased U.S. economic expansion and imperialism.

Notes for Teacher: The sequencing of the articles this week was designed to both scaffoldand build upon each other.

Inquiry Question: In what ways could the Transcontinental Railroad have had both positive andnegative impacts on the United States?

Home/School Connection:Activities/ideas that support relationships between teachers and families. Activities thatcan be used or done at home to connect the learning.

Let’s Write:Explore how things changed in America after the Spanish-American War. Include thechanges for businesses and supplies in America. Write three paragraphs, going into detailabout the changes in America.

Weekly Assessment Questions:1. Who led the Rough Riders?

a. John Pershingb. William McKinleyc. Theodore Rooseveltd. Alfred Thayer Mahan

2. (T/F) The United States gained control of the Philippines after the Spanish-AmericanWar.

3. (Fill in the blank) The Spanish-American War started after the _____ (USS Texas; USSMaine; USS Missouri; USS Kentucky) exploded.

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4. (T/F) Imperialism means a nation stays isolated from other nations.5. (Fill in the blank) Many historians believe _____ (black; orange; red; yellow)

journalism helped start the Spanish-American War.6. Which branch of the military did the U.S use to defeat Spain?

a. Armyb. Navyc. Marinesd. Coast Guard

7. Why did many people want to create American colonies?a. to punish U.S. enemiesb. to become a world powerc. to open new markets for traded. to fulfill goals in the Constitution

8. What was the purpose of the Panama Canal?a. to prove that France was weakb. to allow quicker transport of goodsc. to provide jobs to American workersd. to help Panama secede from Colombia

9. Who took control of Hawaii?a. Chinese immigrantsb. American businessmenc. the United States militaryd. the Spanish government

10. Which U.S. president started construction on the Panama Canal?a. William McKinleyb. Grover Clevelandc. William Howard Taftd. Theodore Roosevelt

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Student Edition Week 4

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Article Background Information: The United States’ involvement in the Spanish-AmericanWar resulted in the acquisition of important lands in the Pacific that expanded America’seconomic and political influence in the world.

Article 1: The Spanish-American WarLexile® measure: 810L-1000LWord Count: 600

Lesson Plan:1. Watch the video “Spanish-American War Intro.”2. Read the article.3. Ask students: What were the key highlights from the Spanish-American War?

a. What started the war? (Cuba wanted freedom from Spain, Americans heardof Spain mistreating Cubans, American USS Maine Battleship with Americanson it was destroyed by an explosion)

b. Identify three facts/highlights that happened during the war. (Rough Riders,Buffalo Soldiers, Cuba’s San Juan Heights, Battle of Santiago-destroy theSpanish fleet in the Philippines)

c. What brought the war to an end? (agreed to a cease-fire, Treaty of Paris of1898)

d. How did the Spanish-American War impact American businesses in Cuba?(Continued to grow rich, sugar and tobacco)

e. What did the United States gain from the war? (Land: Puerto Rico, thePhilippines, Guam. The U.S. also gained power in the Pacific.)

Article Assessment Questions:1. What event contributed to the start of the Spanish-American War?

a. the charge on Cuba's San Juan Heightsb. the destruction of the battleship USS Mainec. the mistreatment of Spanish imperialists in Cubad. the battle of Kettle Hill and nearby San Juan Hill

2. What is imperialism?a. military tactics and movements during wartimeb. the control of strategic islands between different countriesc. the spread of culture beyond a country’s bordersd. the practice of gaining power by dominating foreign countries

3. How did Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan contribute to the outcome of theSpanish-American war?

a. He led the charge up Kettle Hill.b. He organized the Rough Riders.c. He defeated the Spanish fleet.d. He helped plan the U.S. naval strategies.

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Vocabulary: N/A

Materials Needed: N/A

Online Related Media (Explore More):Video: “Spanish-American War Intro”

Article Background Information: As a result of the Spanish-American War, the United Stateshad opportunities to expand into international economics and politics.

Article 2: American ImperialismLexile® measure: 810L-1000LWord Count: 577

Lesson Plan:1. Have students look at the political cartoon on imperialism printed in the

Philadelphia Press in 1898.2. Have students answer the following questions:

a. What does the eagle symbolize?b. Why do you think the eagle has its wings spread out across the world?c. The title of the cartoon is “Ten thousand miles from tip to tip,” meaning from

one wing tip to the other. Why do you think the cartoon has this title? Whatdoes it mean?

d. Which nations and territories did the U.S. control in 1898, when this cartoonwas published? (Students may look back at the front page of this week’sissue if they need help.)

3. When students are finished answering the questions, they will use colored pencils orcrayons to color the cartoon.

Article Assessment Questions:1. Which American presidents were imperialists?

a. John Hay and William McKinleyb. Grover Cleveland and John Hayc. Theodor Roosevelt and Grover Clevelandd. William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt

2. What was the "Open Door" policy?a. an imperialist policy to free Cuba from Spainb. a policy to allow any nation to trade with Chinac. a decree to change trade agreements with Spaind. a responsibility to take democracy to other countries

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3. Who were the anti-imperialists?a. the United States Senateb. union organizers and businessmenc. those who were in favor of free traded. merchants who wanted better trade agreements

Vocabulary: N/A

Materials Needed:Colored pencilsCrayons

Online Related Media (Explore More):Video: “American Imperialism Intro”

Article Background Information: The United States became involved in theSpanish-American War due to a variety of events. One of the catalysts was thesensationalization and exaggeration of events in Cuba by the American press.

Article 3: Yellow JournalismLexile® measure: 810L-1000LWord Count: 216

Lesson Plan:1. Explain to the students that in this article they are going to read about two popular

newspapers and the competition between newspaper journalists. Ask:a. What are some local or national newspapers?b. Why do people read the newspaper?c. What information is found in the newspaper?

2. Have the students write two articles for your school newspaper.a. Write one with a shocking headline and write an article with exaggerated

details. (It is important to discuss being kind and polite in their article.)b. Write the same article without the exaggerations and shocking headline.

3. Read the article. Discuss as a class why the journalists exaggerated the details andcreated shocking headlines.

Article Assessment Questions:1. What is yellow journalism?

a. journalists who covered Cubab. the color of popular newspapersc. the use of shocking headlines and details to sell newspapersd. a newspaper deal between Joseph Pulitzer and William Hearst

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2. How did yellow journalism affect American’s perception of Cuba?a. volunteers for the military increasedb. many people strongly supported Spainc. public sympathy for Cuba was boostedd. Americans started to distrust newspapers

3. What attitude did William Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer have toward Spanish rule inCuba?

a. They supported Spanish rebels in Cuba.b. They thought the situation was exaggerated.c. They wanted pictures to prove what was happening.d. They blamed Spain for the destruction of the USS Maine.

Vocabulary: N/A

Materials Needed:Paper

Online Related Media (Explore More):Video: “Yellow Journalism”

Article Background Information: As Assistant Secretary of the Navy and then-organizer of avolunteer military unit, Roosevelt was influential in the events of the Spanish-American War.

Article 4: Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough RidersLexile® measure: 810L-1000LWord Count: 311

Lesson Plan:1. Have the students use the Teddy Roosevelt graphic organizer Web Mapping to

write facts they learned about Teddy Roosevelt’s life.a. Read the article “Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders.”b. Watch the video “Teddy Roosevelt Wins the Nobel Peace Prize.”

2. Have the students title the graphic organizer Web Mapping “Teddy Roosevelt” andcircle the contributions that made him famous.

Article Assessment Questions:1. What demonstrated Theodore Roosevelt's character during his childhood?

a. He taught himself school lessons at home.b. He defended poor children from being bullied.c. He helped his family move to the Dakota Territory.d. He worked hard to build up his strength after an illness.

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2. Who were the Rough Riders?a. a nickname for strong, rebellious cowboysb. ranchers who hunted big game and drove cattlec. a volunteer military unit organized by Theodore Rooseveltd. a branch of the U.S. cavalry used for dangerous assignments

3. How did the Rough Riders impact Roosevelt's political career?a. He became president because he led that group.b. He became the major in charge of training all soldiers.c. He was promoted to general and defeated the Spanish.d. He was appointed Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Navy.

Vocabulary: N/A

Materials Needed:Graphic organizer Web Mapping

Online Related Media (Explore More):Video: “Teddy Roosevelt Wins the Nobel Peace Prize”

Article Background Information: Increased industrial capacity caused a search forbroader markets U.S. gaining Guam, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and annexation of Hawaiiopened the way for expansion of U.S. economic markets to Asia and Europe.

Article 5: Economic ExpansionLexile® measure: 1010L-1200LWord Count: 318

Lesson Plan:1. Read the article “Economic Expansion” as a class.2. Discuss the following questions with the class:

a. Who did everyone want to trade with? (China)b. What land did each country control at this time?

i. United States (Philippines, Guam)ii. Britain (Hong Kong, Portugal, Macao)iii. Japan (Taiwan)iv. Germany (port of Kiaochow)

c. Why was it difficult for the United States to trade with China? (the land claimsmade it difficult)

3. Have students make a prediction based on what they have learned in this article.Ask: Do you think an “open door” policy will change the trade restrictions? Why orWhy not?

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Article Assessment Questions:1. How did the U.S. increase its influence and strength in the Caribbean?

a. Market taxes were declared for all European trading in the Pacific.b. The U.S. gained control over many islands and colonized the Philippines.c. The "open door" policy was enacted to regulate trade throughout the

Pacific.d. American-controlled ports were established on every island in the

Caribbean.2. What happened in China during this era of economic expansion?

a. It was divided up by different countries.b. China declared alliances with Taiwan and Japan.c. An "open door" policy was created to increase trade.d. All trading agreements with the United States were revoked.

3. How did Americans feel about the move toward colonialism?a. The public supported the creation of new colonies.b. They were hesitant to use the islands to increase trade.c. There was some anger at granting rights to new colonies and territories.d. Some people were fearful that the U.S. would be drawn into future wars.

Vocabulary: N/A

Materials Needed: N/A

Online Related Media (Explore More):Video: “Two Great Inventions That Helped Westward Expansion”

Article Background Information: The United States saw the economic and political valueof Hawaii’s location and aggressively moved to acquire control of the islands.

Article 6: Annexation of HawaiiLexile® measure: 810L-1000LWord Count: 296

Lesson Plan:1. Read the article and discuss as a class.

a. Who was in charge of Hawaii before the Annexation? (King Kalākaua,Queen Lili’uokalani)

b. What was life like before the annexation?2. Watch the video “Hawaii Intro” to learn important facts about Hawaii.3. Students will create a timeline of the events leading up to the annexation of

Hawaii. They should include key people, events, and facts.

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Article Assessment Questions:1. Who was Queen Lili'uokalani?

a. the mother of King Kalākauab. the last native ruler of Hawaiic. She opened trade with the United States.d. She did not allow missionaries from America.

2. What were two of the first exports from Hawaii?a. fish and shrimpb. salt and coconutsc. whale oil and palm oild. sandalwood and sugar

3. How did President Grover Cleveland respond to the revolt in Hawaii?a. He tried to restore Queen Lili’uokalani to the throne.b. He voted for Hawaii to be annexed to the United States.c. He formed a new government called the Republic of Hawaii.d. He authorized Sanford B. Doyle to imprison Queen Lili’uokalani.

Vocabulary: N/A

Materials Needed:Paper for timeline

Online Related Media (Explore More):Video: “Hawaii Intro”

Article Background Information: At the same time the United States acquired Guam,Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Hawaii, it also took the opportunity to expedite tradefrom the Pacific to the Atlantic with the building of the Panama Canal.

Article 7: The Panama CanalLexile® measure: 1010L-1200LWord Count: 274

Lesson Plan:1. Show the image “Map of The Panama Canal.”

a. How could this canal change America? (shorter travel time, cheaper)2. Read the article “The Panama Canal.” Have students look for and annotate the

text with the challenges that were faced.

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3. Have students write from the point of view of a sailor who was the captain of a shiptraveling from America to the Pacific. They will choose whether it was before orafter the Panama Canal was created. Students should include:

a. Advantages/Disadvantages of the routeb. Describe the routec. Why they would take that route

Article Assessment Questions:1. What was the purpose of the Panama Canal?

a. to thwart the plans of King Charles I of Spainb. to help Panama break away from Columbiac. to connect the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceansd. to provide jobs during an economic depression

2. How does the Panama Canal work?a. Pumps keep the way clear between both coasts.b. A series of dams and locks allow the passage of ships.c. A drawbridge creates the connection between the oceans.d. It was constructed to create a current which propels ships.

3. What was the Panama Zone?a. a neutral zone between Columbia and Costa Ricab. the French-controlled tax zone surrounding the canalc. the geographic area most suited for building the canald. a military strategy break Panama away from Columbia

Vocabulary: N/A

Materials Needed: N/A

Online Related Media (Explore More):Video: “The Panama Canal”Image “Map of the Panama Canal”Image “The Panama Canal Today”Audio “What is the Panama Canal?”

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Name ___________________________________________________________ Date _____________

South Carolina Studies Weekly – Fifth Grade

Spanish-American War

Week 4 Assessment

1. Who led the Rough Riders?

A. John Pershing

B. William McKinley

C. Theodore Roosevelt

D. Alfred Thayer Mahan

2. The United States gained control of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War.

TRUE FALSE

3. The Spanish-American War started after the _____________________________ exploded.

USS Texas

USS Maine

USS Missouri

USS Kentucky

4. Imperialism means a nation stays isolated from other nations.

TRUE FALSE

5. Many historians believe ________ journalism helped start the Spanish-American War.

black

orange

red

yellow

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6. Which branch of the military did the U.S use to defeat Spain?

A. Army

B. Navy

C. Marines

D. Coast Guard

7. Why did many people want to create American colonies?

A. to punish U.S. enemies

B. to become a world power

C. to open new markets for trade

D. to fulfill goals in the Constitution

8. What was the purpose of the Panama Canal?

A. to prove that France was weak

B. to allow quicker transport of goods

C. to provide jobs to American workers

D. to help Panama secede from Colombia

9. Who took control of Hawaii?

A. Chinese immigrants

B. American businessmen

C. the United States military

D. the Spanish government

10. Which U.S. president started construction on the Panama Canal?

A. William McKinley

B. Grover Cleveland

C. William Howard Taft

D. Theodore Roosevelt

Spanish-American War | Week 4

Name: Date:

Web MappingFill in each part of the web with a fact about your topic.