MySpace, Facebook and YouTube: 21st Century Electronic Democracy in Action Hiltz Turoff Festschrift...
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Transcript of MySpace, Facebook and YouTube: 21st Century Electronic Democracy in Action Hiltz Turoff Festschrift...
MySpace, Facebook and MySpace, Facebook and YouTube: YouTube:
21st Century Electronic 21st Century Electronic Democracy in ActionDemocracy in Action
Hiltz Turoff Festschrift Cathy Dwyer
© Dwyer 2007 2
1960: Television Changes Politics
• Radio listeners though Nixon won this debate
• Candidates had to succeed on television in order to get elected
First televised presidential debate
© Dwyer 2007 3
2008?
• How are candidates, political parties, advocacy groups and voters using the Internet for the 2008 presidential election?
• In one example, voters can submit video questions to YouTube for a Presidential Debate(file) (link)Jackie and Dunlap of Red State Update
© Dwyer 2007 4
Asynchronous Politics
• Contribution of Network Nation was insight that computing technology provides new opportunities for dialogue
• It documented the move from synchronous communication towards “Conferencing”
• Processes can change in radical ways when opportunities for asynchronous dialogue are available
• 2008 – The Year of Asynchronous Politics
© Dwyer 2007 5
Television vs. Internet
• Synchronous• Expensive• Centralized – pundits
define “success”
• Candidate must communicate through sound bites
• Meager source of fundraising (net loss of funds)
• Asynchronous• Inexpensive• Decentralized – attention
is “viral”
• Candidates can provide videos of appearances, policy statements and discussion forums
• Half of candidates’ funds come from Internet (net gain of funds)
© Dwyer 2007 6
Internet campaigning
• Each candidate has an e-campaign director
• Candidates have blogs, web sites, YouTube sites, Facebook sites, and MySpace sites
• Use Eventful• Can target audiences• More informal• More opportunities and forums
to get out their messageRon Paul’s Eventful page
Barak Obama uses LinkedIn to connect to business professionals
© Dwyer 2007 7
Follow Fred Thompson’s every move with Twitter
© Dwyer 2007 8
Widgets are everywhere!
Hilary Clinton Duncan Hunter
John McCain
Barak Obama
© Dwyer 2007 9
MyBarak takes a turn from MySpace
MyBarak takes a turn
from MySpace
© Dwyer 2007 10
What’s on YouTube?
• Videos can be posted by supporters -- like Obama Girl -- and detractors (file) (link)
• Mashups like the Clinton/Apple Ad make an impact
• Hilary is caught mangling the Star Spangled Banner
• John Edwards cares about his hair (file) (link)
Views: 919,316
Views: 3,881,010
© Dwyer 2007 11
YouTube Provides Viral Outlet
• Quick distribution that is cheaper than TV• Google trends saw spike of interest in Clinton
after this video spoofing the last Sopranos episode was released (file) (link)
© Dwyer 2007 12
Internet enables quantitative analysis
• Web analytics can capture impact of events
• TV pundits say McCain and Giuliani “won” 9/5/07 debate
• Viewers’ text messaging poll says Ron Paul won
• Who was right?
© Dwyer 2007 13
Fred Thompson declares 9/5/07
Ron Paul
Internet traffic on candidate’s web sites, August-September 2007 (data from alexa.com)
Little blip is evident for other candidates (like McCain and
Giuliani)Fox Republican Debate, 9/5/07
© Dwyer 2007 14
Blog mentions – Sept. 2007Ron Paul
Fred Thompson
© Dwyer 2007 15
YouTube views
Cumulative for 9/7/07
Ron Paul 3,778,389Romney 2,067,594Giuliani 656,838McCain 559,167
© Dwyer 2007 16
What will the impact of the Internet be?
• Will the Internet support the long tail of politics, supporting more candidates then the past?
• Edwards has recovered from his hair fiasco
• McCain has recovered from fundraising problems
• But George Allen lost his 2004 election after his “Macaca” speech (file) (link)
© Dwyer 2007 17
Where to watch:• Google Trends
• techpresident.com
• Hitwise Election 2008 Data Center
• Twitter Election Blogs
• MySpace Election 2008
• techrepublican.com
• And Youtube!
(file) (link)
© Dwyer 2007 18
Do the numbers add up?
• Bush’s margin of victory in 2004: 3,012,499 votes
• Barak Obama’s friends on Facebook:149,421, friends on MySpace: 178,508, channel views on YouTube: 11,202,339
• Ron Paul’s YouTube channel views: 4,356,406
© Dwyer 2007 19
McCain’s favorite book is
Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls
© Dwyer 2007 20
Signs of Change
• 60 Million in US used Internet to find political information (2006)
• Networked citizenry is showing its force
www.youtube.com/youchoose
© Dwyer 2007 21
Candidate’s youtube sitesJohn Edwards published his response to
President Bush’s address on Iraq on
YouTube
(125,165 views)