MUSSOLINI INTRODUCES FASCISM

WHAT IS FASCISM

COMES FROM THE ITALIAN TERM FASCIO MEANING “UNION OR LEAGUE”

WANTS TO HELP COUNTRY REGAIN PRIDE BY GIVING IT A HEIGHTENED SENSE OF NATIONAL PRIDE

REJECTS LIBERAL IDEAS

WANTED THE DESTRUCTION OF ELECTION, LEGISLATURES AND OTHER DEMOCRATIC IDEAS

REJECTS COMMUNISM, SOCIALISM AS TO INDIVIDUAL.

                                             

Fascism gains ground in ItalyWhy did Mussolini’s fascist party become popular after World War I

-Italy suffered badly during the war

-Italy promised extra land, but not given it. (Treaty of London) Looked like Italy was being ignored– National Frustration

-Weak government after the war

-4 Prime Ministers between 1919-1922

-Rising unemployment

                                

Who was Benito MussoliniBefore WWI he was a Socialist

Brilliant organizer, agitator and journalist

Set up Fascist party, promised to rebuild Italy

Rhetoric- few specific proposals

Fascism designed to propel Il Duce “the Leader” to power

Created “Black shirts” who dealt with troublemakers and criminals

Had a newspaper that spread his ideas

As the problems of Italy get worse the people turn to Mussolini to solve Italy’s problems

                                                        

MUSSOLINI TAKES CHARGE IN ITALYMay 1921 Mussolini won

election to Chamber of Deputies

OCTOBER 1922, MUSSOLINI DEMANDS TO BE MADE PRIME MINISTER

KING OF ITALY, SUPPORT MUSSOLINI AND INVITIED HIM TO BECOME PRIME MINISTER

November 1922 Parliament grants cabinet dictatorial powers for 1 year

Allows Mussolini to insert Fascists into Parliament ad other government positions

MUSSOLINI DICTATES HIS TAKEOVER

THEN HE PASSED THE ACERBO LAW S WHO EVER WON THE NEXT ELECTION WOULD GET MOST SEATS IN PARLIAMENT

APRIL 1924 FASCIST WON 65% AND 375 SEATS IN THE CHAMBER

MUSSOLINI FULLY IN CHARGE

SETS UP SECRET POLICE AND CONCENTRATION CAMPS FOR HIS OPPONENTS

MUSSOLINI CHANGES ITALYFIRST OF THE DICTATORS

OTHERS COPIED IDEAS BUT DID NOT MAKE SAME MISTAKES

POLITICAL PARTIES WERE BANNED

BOOKS AND NEWSPAPERS WERE CENSORED

EDUCATION WAS CONTROLLED

MUSSOLINI BATTLES TO IMPROVE ECONOMY

MUSSOLINI WAS POPULAR

FOR A WHILE

                                                                   

TEACHER AND THE PUPIL

Mussolini had several admirer’s including a young Austrian Political Named Adolf Hitler

Mussolini’s failures

Use of Propaganda

use of violence to consolidate power

Denial of individual rights Poor economic ideas

economic self-sufficiency (not possible)

public works projects (roads and hydroelectric plants)

MOST ITALIANS WORSE OFF BY THE EARLY 1930’S

MUSSOLINI’S ADMIRER’S