Music Theory Crash Course!
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Transcript of Music Theory Crash Course!
Music Theory Crash Music Theory Crash Course!Course!
~Music ~Music isSOUND isSOUND
organized in organized in TIMETIME~~
Elements of SoundElements of Sound
Pitch- How high or low; frequencyPitch- How high or low; frequency Duration- How long or short it lastsDuration- How long or short it lasts Dynamics- How loud or soft; amplitudeDynamics- How loud or soft; amplitude
– Goes from Fortississimo to pianoississimoGoes from Fortississimo to pianoississimo Articulation- Quality as sustainedArticulation- Quality as sustained
– Common Articulations: Staccato, Legato, Common Articulations: Staccato, Legato, AccentAccent
Timbre- Color of tone; waveformTimbre- Color of tone; waveform
Types of Timbre/TexturesTypes of Timbre/Textures
Homophonic- All use similar rhythmHomophonic- All use similar rhythm Polyphonic- Independent musical Polyphonic- Independent musical
parts overlapparts overlap Monophonic- Only one musical lineMonophonic- Only one musical line Accompianmental- Exactly what it Accompianmental- Exactly what it
says on the tin; accompanying a says on the tin; accompanying a clear melodyclear melody
More Vocab! YayyMore Vocab! Yayy
Range- Spectrum of pitch an Range- Spectrum of pitch an instrument can playinstrument can play
Equal Temperament Tuning- all half Equal Temperament Tuning- all half steps equal distance from each othersteps equal distance from each other– Used in Romantic Era as common tuning Used in Romantic Era as common tuning
standardstandard Expression Marks- Indicate Expression Marks- Indicate
articulations, setting the moodarticulations, setting the mood
Rhythmic NotationRhythmic Notation
Moar Rhythmic NotationMoar Rhythmic Notation
Even MOAR vocab: Aka, I’m Even MOAR vocab: Aka, I’m too lazy to type DemiDec too lazy to type DemiDec
stuffstuff
Time SignaturesTime Signatures Top number- Beats per measureTop number- Beats per measure Bottom number- Length of the beatBottom number- Length of the beat Simple meter= top number 2 Simple meter= top number 2
[duple],3 [triple], 4 [quadruple][duple],3 [triple], 4 [quadruple] Compound is everything else; divides Compound is everything else; divides
beats into partsbeats into parts
AccidentalsAccidentals # = Sharp, raises pitch by a half step# = Sharp, raises pitch by a half step ♭♭= Flat, lowers pitch by half step= Flat, lowers pitch by half step ♮ ♮ = Natural, cancels sharps and flats= Natural, cancels sharps and flats Half step- two consecutive keysHalf step- two consecutive keys The key signature provides set of The key signature provides set of
sharps or flats at the beginning of a sharps or flats at the beginning of a line of music. line of music. – indicates which notes the main scale of indicates which notes the main scale of
the piece alters. the piece alters.
Scales (PREPARE Scales (PREPARE YOURSELVES)YOURSELVES)
Tonic- Name of scale, usually 1Tonic- Name of scale, usually 1stst note note Dominant- 2Dominant- 2ndnd most important, 5 most important, 5thth
notenote Leading Tone- Half step below tonicLeading Tone- Half step below tonic Diatonic- Within the ScaleDiatonic- Within the Scale Chromatic- Outside of the scaleChromatic- Outside of the scale
Minor ScalesMinor Scales
Comparing Major and MinorComparing Major and Minor
Relative- Same key signature, same Relative- Same key signature, same sharps and flatssharps and flats
Parallel- Same tonicParallel- Same tonic
ChordsChords
Instruments- Technical Boring Instruments- Technical Boring stuff time!stuff time!
ClassificationsClassifications CHORDOPHONESCHORDOPHONES
– Vibrating Strings (violin)Vibrating Strings (violin) AEROPHONESAEROPHONES
– Vibrating column of air (tuba)Vibrating column of air (tuba) MEMBRANOPHONESMEMBRANOPHONES
– Vibrating stretched membrane across frame Vibrating stretched membrane across frame (drum)(drum)
IDIOPHONESIDIOPHONES– Body itself vibrates (xylophone)Body itself vibrates (xylophone)
Instrument FamiliesInstrument Families
Strings- Chordophones; plucked, bowed, Strings- Chordophones; plucked, bowed, struckstruck
Brass- Metal Aerophones; caused by Brass- Metal Aerophones; caused by buzzing lipsbuzzing lips
Woodwinds- Aerophones; breath alone Woodwinds- Aerophones; breath alone vibratesvibrates
Percussions- Percussions- Membranophones/IdiophonesMembranophones/Idiophones
Keyboards- Self explanatory :PKeyboards- Self explanatory :P