Muscles: Origins, Insertions, Actions, Nerve Supply, & Arterial Supply

BY 115/115L

Basic Vocabulary

• Agonist – performing the action• Antagonist – opposite of the agonist/performs

opposite action• Synergist – assists the agonist• Insertion – more distal and lateral/joint where

primary movement takes place• Origin – more proximal attached end/where

muscle “originates”

• Tendon – muscle to bone• Ligament – bone to bone

Tendon of quadriceps

femoris

Patellar Ligament

Palmar Aponuerosis

Aponeurosis – muscle to muscle

Blood Supply – Lower Extremities

Posterior Anterior

Superior & Inferior Gluteal Arteries

Femoral & Obturator

ArteriesDeep Femoral Artery

Popliteal Artery Branches

Nerve Supply – Lower Extremities

Posterior Anterior

Gluteal NervesSuperior = Gluteus med., Gluteus min.& Tensor Fascia LataeInferior = Gluteus Max.

Tibial branch of sciatic nerve

Deep Fibular Nerve

Femoral Nerve

Obturator Nerve

Actions

• A muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint produces flexion.

• A muscle that crosses on the posterior side of a joint produces extension.

• A muscle that crosses on the lateral side of a joint produces abduction.

• A muscle that crosses on the medial side of a joint produces adduction.

Videos

Tibialis Anterior

Fibularis Longus

Videos

Hip Rotation Muscles

Hip Movement

Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Medius

Videos

Pectineus

Medial Thigh Muscles

Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nerve Supply Arterial Supply

Hamstrings

Posterior compartme

nt

Biceps Femoris

Ishial Tuberosity

Head of Fibula; lateral tibial

condyle

Extends Thigh; flexes leg

Tibial Branch of Sciatic

NerveDeep Femoral

Artery

SemitendinosusMedial surface of body of the

tibia

Semimembranosus Medial Tibial Condyle

Videos

Biceps Femoris

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nerve Supply

Arterial Supply

Quadriceps Femoris is formed from the first four muscles*

Anterior

Compartment

*Rectus Femoris AIIS

Tibial Tuberostity by way of the patella

and patellar ligament

Flexes Thigh; Extends Leg

Femoral Nerve

Femoral Artery

Branches

*Vastus lateralisGreater

Trochanter and Linea Aspera of

FemurExtends Leg

*Vastus medialis Linea aspera of femur

*Vastus intermedius Anterolateral femoral shaft

Sartorius ASISMedial

surface of body of the

tibia

flexes leg; abducts and flexes thigh;

rotates thigh

laterally

Tensor fascia latae Iliac Crest and ASIS

Tibia by way of the

iliotibial tract

Stabalizes Torso on

thigh when iliotibial

tract is taut; flexes

abducts thigh;

rotates thigh

medially

superior gluteal nerve

Videos

Rectus Femoris

Vastus Lateralis

Vastus Medialis

Vastus Intermedius

Sartorius

Tensor Fascia Latae