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Municipal wastewater treatment
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Transcript of Municipal wastewater treatment
Municipal Wastewater Treatment
GF Piping Systems
Steven Wells / 11/12/2016
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells2
Primary treatment to remove solid material Secondary treatment
• Digest dissolved and suspended organic material • Nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus • Sometimes disinfection to kill pathenogenic bacteria
Tertiary treatment as needed…• Reverse osmosis• Advanced disinfection
Sludge Treatment turns solids into fertilizer or fuel
Basic Processes, Typical Municipal Sewage Treatment
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells3
Basics of water treatment process at OCSD
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvZJs69kr1c
Sewage Treatment
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells4
Produce effluent that will do as little or no harm to the surrounding environment when released
Various demands depending on type of influent Various demands depending on where the water goes
Closed cycle systems?
Goal of Treatment
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells5
YT University Overview
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells6
Process Flow: Typical Large-Scale Treatment Plant
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells7
Process Flow: Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands, requires lots of land
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells8
Objects commonly removed include trash, tree limbs, leaves, branches, and other large objects.
Bar Screen to remove all large objects like cans, rags, sticks, plastic packets etc.
Solids are collected and later disposed in a landfill, or incinerated.
Pretreatment (mechanical) removes all materials that can be easily collected
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells9
Sewage flows through large tanks aka settling basins, sedimentation tanks or primary clarifiers
Grit Removal by slowing velocity to allow gravity to work FOG removal. Small tank with skimmers to collect fat on the
surface Mechanical scrapers drive sludge towards hopper in the base of
the tank. Sludge pumped to and treated at sludge treatment facilities
Primary Treatment: Sedimentation Phase
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells10
Degrade biological content using aerobic biological processes• Bacteria & protozoa do the work• Require oxygen (pumping air in these tanks is biggest consumer
of electricity in the process)• May also use anaerobic sections to
May include secondary clarifier to settle out & separate biological floc
Output still has high mineral content
Secondary Treatment (Biological)
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells11
anything more than primary and secondary treatment in order to allow injection into a highly sensitive or fragile ecosystem (estuaries, low-flow rivers, coral reefs,...).
May be disinfected chemically (chlorine, ozone, etc) Physically (by sand filters, lagoons and microfiltration) Reused: for the irrigation of a golf course, green way or park Groundwater replenishment or agricultural purposes if sufficiently
clean
Tertiary Treatment (Chemical)
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells12
May be considered a type of secondary process or tertiary treatment process
Focused on removal or nitrogen and phosphorus• Note: both of these cause weeds or high algae growth which
leads to low oxygen content in water and dead zones Nitrification is a 2 step aerobic process using different types of
bacteria• Oxidation of ammonia (NH3) to nitrite, (NO2
- ) by 1 bacteria• From nitrite, (NO2
- ) to nitrogen (N2) by another• Which bacteria species is controlled by oxygen content of water
and starting material
Biological Nutrient Removal
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Pharmaceuticals Ingredients of household chemicals Methods costly since small amounts Little to no on-line measurement of these parameters
Additional Areas of Concern
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Pumps, mechanical movement of solids and liquids Aeration Flow, pH, ORP, oxygen, chlorine, phosphate, nitrate, turbidity, UV,
ozone, etc
Instrumentation & Automation
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Groundwater Replenishment Process Steps
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Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD.com) Orange County Water District (OCWD.com)
Further information
Municipal Wastewater Treatment | 11/12/2016 | Steven Wells17
Questions?