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![Page 1: MS&T Magazine - Issue 3/2010](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052217/568bdd4a1a28ab2034b5420b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The InTernaTIonal Defence TraInIng Journal
www.halldale.com
Technology ApplicATion
Simulation at a PriceperformAnce Technology
Putting Theory into Practice Technology ApplicATion
Medicine, Health Care and Opportunity
TrAining TrAnsformATion
UAS Center of Excellence
Issue 3/2010ISSN 1471-1052 | uS $14/£8
![Page 2: MS&T Magazine - Issue 3/2010](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052217/568bdd4a1a28ab2034b5420b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Future Home of the US Air ForceATFS-400 PHOENIX
Future Home of the US Navy GL-6000 GRYPHON
etcAircrewTraining.com/GRYPHON
etcAircrewTraining.com/PHOENIX
GryphonTM, PhoenixTM and ATFS-400TM are trademarks of Environmental Tectonics Corporation. ©2010 Environmental Tectonics Corporation
Artist conception of the 711th Human Performance Wing and Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (NAMRL) complex being constructed at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. (Air Force graphic by KZF/BWSC)
Navy Research Facility
GL-6000 GRYPHONDisorientation Research Device (DRD) • VTOL and STOVL Motion Capable6 Axes of Motion • Spatial Disorientation • Multi-Axis Research CapablePlus or Minus up to 3G • Future Cornerstone of Navy Medicine Research
ATFS-400 PHOENIX CentrifugeState of the Art High Performance Human Centrifuge • Max 20Gz • 15G/sec Onset/Offset • Multi-Axis • Interchangeable/High Fidelity Aircraft Cockpits
etcAircrewTraining.com/FALCON
The Future of Human Performance Training and Research is TODAY!
FALCON Hypobaric (Altitude) Chamber Suite Climb Rates Between 50 ft/min to 80,000 ft/min • Infrared Panels for Solar Simulation • Noise Levels as low as 50dbA • Rapid Decompression Times as low as 40 milliseconds • Temperature Control Between -67° F to 150° F Relative Humidity Control between 2% to 98%
Just
Awarded!
Future Home of the US Air Force FALCON Hypobaric Chamber Suite
TAKING TRAINING TO THE TROOPS
• Comprehensive set of tools from exer-cise planning to AAR and Take Home Package
• Parallel multi-scenario training
• LVC interoperability - DITS backbone interface
• Proven and fielded by the major armies in the world
WITH SAAB as your training partner you have access to the world’s most reliable and effective Deployable Instrumented Training solutions. The system supports live force-on-force collective training in open and urban environments and is flexible in its use from section/squad and platoon level training right up to Brigade Combat Team level.
The new enhanced version which inclu-des many new capabilities has been re-cently procured by the US Marine Corps and the British Army. Now they take training to the troops, wherever they are deployed without change or modification of infrastructure. That’s the best envi-ronment for effective training.
PRODUCT DEPLOYABLE INSTRUMENTED TRAINING SYSTEM
FUNCTION LIVE TRAINING
DEVELOPEDBY TRAINING AND SIMULATION
CAPABILITIES:
• Full integration of on-line synchro- nized audio and video
• Integration of C2/C4I data to support analysis and evaluation
• Communication via satellite link and options for information security
• Fully deployable – readily relocated where required
• Realistic Simulation of weapon effects and ground truth in Exercise Control (EXCON).
• Tactical training up to 20,000 players
• Scalable coverage – flexible usage and growth potential
www.saabgroup.com
![Page 3: MS&T Magazine - Issue 3/2010](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052217/568bdd4a1a28ab2034b5420b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Future Home of the US Air ForceATFS-400 PHOENIX
Future Home of the US Navy GL-6000 GRYPHON
etcAircrewTraining.com/GRYPHON
etcAircrewTraining.com/PHOENIX
GryphonTM, PhoenixTM and ATFS-400TM are trademarks of Environmental Tectonics Corporation. ©2010 Environmental Tectonics Corporation
Artist conception of the 711th Human Performance Wing and Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (NAMRL) complex being constructed at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. (Air Force graphic by KZF/BWSC)
Navy Research Facility
GL-6000 GRYPHONDisorientation Research Device (DRD) • VTOL and STOVL Motion Capable6 Axes of Motion • Spatial Disorientation • Multi-Axis Research CapablePlus or Minus up to 3G • Future Cornerstone of Navy Medicine Research
ATFS-400 PHOENIX CentrifugeState of the Art High Performance Human Centrifuge • Max 20Gz • 15G/sec Onset/Offset • Multi-Axis • Interchangeable/High Fidelity Aircraft Cockpits
etcAircrewTraining.com/FALCON
The Future of Human Performance Training and Research is TODAY!
FALCON Hypobaric (Altitude) Chamber Suite Climb Rates Between 50 ft/min to 80,000 ft/min • Infrared Panels for Solar Simulation • Noise Levels as low as 50dbA • Rapid Decompression Times as low as 40 milliseconds • Temperature Control Between -67° F to 150° F Relative Humidity Control between 2% to 98%
Just
Awarded!
Future Home of the US Air Force FALCON Hypobaric Chamber Suite
TAKING TRAINING TO THE TROOPS
• Comprehensive set of tools from exer-cise planning to AAR and Take Home Package
• Parallel multi-scenario training
• LVC interoperability - DITS backbone interface
• Proven and fielded by the major armies in the world
WITH SAAB as your training partner you have access to the world’s most reliable and effective Deployable Instrumented Training solutions. The system supports live force-on-force collective training in open and urban environments and is flexible in its use from section/squad and platoon level training right up to Brigade Combat Team level.
The new enhanced version which inclu-des many new capabilities has been re-cently procured by the US Marine Corps and the British Army. Now they take training to the troops, wherever they are deployed without change or modification of infrastructure. That’s the best envi-ronment for effective training.
PRODUCT DEPLOYABLE INSTRUMENTED TRAINING SYSTEM
FUNCTION LIVE TRAINING
DEVELOPEDBY TRAINING AND SIMULATION
CAPABILITIES:
• Full integration of on-line synchro- nized audio and video
• Integration of C2/C4I data to support analysis and evaluation
• Communication via satellite link and options for information security
• Fully deployable – readily relocated where required
• Realistic Simulation of weapon effects and ground truth in Exercise Control (EXCON).
• Tactical training up to 20,000 players
• Scalable coverage – flexible usage and growth potential
www.saabgroup.com
![Page 4: MS&T Magazine - Issue 3/2010](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052217/568bdd4a1a28ab2034b5420b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
WE KNOW TRAINING LIKE NO ONE ELSEAt Raydon, our many years of experience enable us to analyze your training needs and develop an effective, effi cient solution that fi ts your budget. In fact, all our current products are the result of developing solutions
for previous customers. And we can design your training solution to be as unique as your needs are.
A SINGLE, WELL-FOCUSED AIMAt Raydon, our only goal is to earn the confi dence to become your provider of choice for comprehensive
training systems. To do that, we leverage our vast library of previous developments to help you,our customer, create the most effective solutions for their current and future challenges.
Delivering your solution faster — Raydon+1 386 2672936 WWW.RAYDON.COM
© 2010 Raydon Corporation
![Page 5: MS&T Magazine - Issue 3/2010](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052217/568bdd4a1a28ab2034b5420b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Editorial
Editor-in-Chief: Chris Lehman[e] [email protected]
Managing Editor: Jeff Loube[e] [email protected]
ContributorsWalter F. Ullrich - Europe Editor
Chuck Weirauch - Training ProcurementLori Ponoroff - US News Editor
[e] [email protected] Greenyer - RoW News Editor
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Editorial Comment
MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 05
Jeff Loube
training technology: love it, Hate it.there is a love-hate relationship with new training technologies. some of us resist change, fearing new technology and its impact; some of us are early adopters, enthusiastically seeking out and embracing new technology and its promises.
Fear of new technology is not unexpected. steven pinker, writing recently in the new York times notes “new forms of media have always caused moral panics: the printing press, newspapers, paperbacks and television were all once denounced as threats to their consumers' brainpower and moral fiber”. he notes that we are told: “powerpoint... is reducing discourse to bullet points. search engines lower our intelligence, encouraging us to skim on the surface of knowledge rather than dive to its depths.” For those who fear technical change – safety is found in the status quo. they would never be found at 0500 in a queue outside the apple store.
on the other hand, ‘digital immigrant’ grandfather aviators, with pride and wide eyed won-der, tell us stories, about how proficiently their “digital native’ grandchildren demolish them in digital dogfights – concluding that recruits have changed – and we must use new technologies if we are to appeal to this new race. We observe how networks and databases, models and simula-tions frame most military workplaces. Connectivity is persistent, both at work and at home. is it surprising that this environment spawns technology advocates that do not find it unreasonable to be in a queue at 0500 outside the apple store? For these folks technology itself is instrumen-tal in their thinking, and technology is both the issue and the solution.
every year, the edge Foundation (www.edge.org) poses a question to influential thinkers. this years question is “how is the internet changing the way you think?” interesting reading especially for those engaged in training tomorrow’s soldier – and choosing the technology to do so. We should be asking similar questions about our own network centric environment.
marissa mayer, vp search products and User experience, Google, answered, “it's not what you know, it's what you can find out. the internet has put at the forefront resourcefulness and critical-thinking and relegated memorization of rote facts to mental exercise or enjoyment”. the internet is a paradigm for the networked and connected environment of tomorrow’s soldier. those training and employing that soldier would, i believe, agree with the need to develop resourceful-ness and critical thinking. Certainly, i’ve seen critical thinking highlighted as an essential skill for aircraft technicians.
Kai Krause, software pioneer and author, comparing the vision, the hope and the theory with the reality of today observed “there were such lofty expectations using multimedia in education and learning but already soon after... we called it "multimediocrity"”. and perhaps that is what those with strong reservations about training technology fear – an institutionalising of medioc-rity in training through technology. Yet, how do we train for the modern environment without technology – we do need to “train as we work, train as we fight”.
ruth C Clark (2007) asks “have you ever attended an ineffective classroom course? or expe-rienced poor e-learning materials? the reason we see inconsistent learning outcomes is that the quality of a learning environment is not in the technology, but in how the technology is used.”
this leaves us with two things to keep in mind when dealing with technology. First, technol-ogy is not the big issue. the big issue is how and what you want the students to learn e.g. criti-cal thinking, and the instructional methods required. only after that is determined can we deal with technology. taking a position midway between advocacy and fearful resistance – a critical dialectic position – helps us to best do that.
e.v. sullivan proposes a broad framework that challenges decision makers to be objective and critically reflect on the issues. a critical dialectic position forces the evaluation of the impact of technology from a multidimensional perspective, including its intent and consequences, in order to arrive at an informed decision. and an informed decision is essential. neil postman (1992) cautions, “every culture must negotiate with technology, whether it does so intelligently or not. a bargain is struck in which technology giveth and technology taketh away. the wise know this well and are rarely impressed by dramatic technological changes…”
Jeff Loube, Cptms&t managing editor
Circulation audited by:
WE KNOW TRAINING LIKE NO ONE ELSEAt Raydon, our many years of experience enable us to analyze your training needs and develop an effective, effi cient solution that fi ts your budget. In fact, all our current products are the result of developing solutions
for previous customers. And we can design your training solution to be as unique as your needs are.
A SINGLE, WELL-FOCUSED AIMAt Raydon, our only goal is to earn the confi dence to become your provider of choice for comprehensive
training systems. To do that, we leverage our vast library of previous developments to help you,our customer, create the most effective solutions for their current and future challenges.
Delivering your solution faster — Raydon+1 386 2672936 WWW.RAYDON.COM
© 2010 Raydon Corporation
![Page 7: MS&T Magazine - Issue 3/2010](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052217/568bdd4a1a28ab2034b5420b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
05 Editorial CommEntTraining Technology. Managing Editor Jeff Loube explores the zen of
training technology.
08 tEChnology appliCationSimulation at a Price. The Latvian Armed Forces found a cost effective
solution to provide a simulated training environment. Harry Thompson
describes the implementation.
12 tEChnology appliCationMedicine, Health Care and Opportunity. Vendors of military and
aviation M&S technologies are bullish on the health care domain.
Chuck Weirauch explains.
16 pErformanCE tEChnologyPutting Theory Into Practice. Some ideas that work. Lt(N) Bradley White
discusses tactics for Air Force technical training gleaned from the field.
19 training transformationA Center of Excellence. The Joint Unmanned Aircraft Systems COE is tasked
with supporting joint use of these systems. Chuck Weirauch explains their role.
24 training tEChnologyEighty Years of Flight Simulation. Ed Link’s trainer demonstrated the
effectiveness of ‘ground based training’. Walter F. Ullrich tells the story.
28 show rEportITEC 2010. The show was considered a success by all concerned.
Walter F. Ullrich reports.
30 ConfErEnCE rEportIQPC UAV Training and Simulation. An insatiable appetite for capability
is driving the growth and the challenges of RPA systems. Dim Jones reports.
32 nEwsSeen and Heard. A round up of developments in simulation and training.
Compiled and edited by Chuck Weirauch.
COnTEnTS MS&T 3/2010
MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 07
The InTernaTIonal Defence TraInIng Journal
www.halldale.com
Technology ApplicATion
Simulation at a PriceperformAnce Technology
Putting Theory into Practice Technology ApplicATion
Medicine, Health Care and Opportunity
TrAining TrAnsformATion
UAS Center of Excellence
Issue 3/2010ISSN 1471-1052 | uS $14/£8 co
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08 MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010
Above
latvian Master trainer, corporal Evita
Martina teaches Battle command operator
classes.
image credit: Author.
Scarce resources, equally com-peting requirements, com-plex situations, rapid deci-
sion-making training and readiness of personnel and equipment – these are situations that today’s nAto leader-ship continually face. How can technol-ogy approach these issues? How can technology help decision-makers over-come these obstacles?
in today’s budget-conscious envi-ronment, it is extremely important for north American treaty organization (nAto) countries to employ afford-able and yet sophisticated simulation training resources to maintain readi-ness. Many countries, however, do not have the financial and human capital resources required to enhance their national training and readiness capabil-ities to promote interoperability among alliance forces.
latvia, in the Baltic region of north-ern Europe, serves as an example of how a nation can use technology to more effectively utilize scarce resources. the latvian Armed Forces faced a shortage of computer-assisted simulation solu-tions for training military personnel.
they needed to find a cost-effective tool to meet their training and readiness requirements and provide real-world scenarios to improve the quality of their military training.
the challenge the latvian Armed Forces faced was twofold. First, the mili-tary had to develop a simulation capabil-ity with features and functionality availa-ble in more sophisticated and expensive military simulation training tools. Sec-ondly, the armed forces needed to find a way to meet their training and long-term sustainment requirements at a price the nation could afford.
program Executive office-Simu-lation, training and instrumentation (pEo-StRi) awarded training contracts to Alion Science and technology. Alion has worked closely with representa-tives of a number of nAto nations to help them put together a strategy to incorporate modeling and simulation in their training and educational programs. Alion found that many of the countries were buying feature-rich simulation systems with features that far exceed their current existing requirements and capabilities. the findings showed that
oversized systems were costly to install, maintain and sustain. this was further complicated by the additional subject matter experts needed to maintain and sustain these systems. these factors placed an additional financial burden on a nation’s budget, particularly signifi-cant with smaller countries.
As a result of these findings, it was clear there was a need to adapt and rethink strategies to respond to the needs of smaller countries. there needed to be an intermediate level of simulation between the highly capable U.S. joint simulations and the commer-cial type computer games that could be used to address a nation’s constructive simulation requirements in a manner “good enough” to support these require-ments, but much less costly in terms of simulation procurement, training and sustainment costs. in the case of the
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MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 09
Sometimes ‘good enough’ exceeds all expectations. Harry Thompson describes the successful implementation of a constructive simulation capability in a budget conscious country.
Bringing Military Simulationcapabilities to latvian Armed Forces
latvian Armed Forces, simulation solu-tions were reviewed that would suit the military’s objective to support its opera-tional units. After in-depth research, Vt MÄK’s Battle command software was selected to meet the military require-ments. Vt MÄK’s Battle command mili-tary tactical trainer provides similar fea-tures and functionality as more costly systems and allows ground combat commanders to practice their planning and execution skills within a compelling simulated environment. Battle com-mand helps commanders develop warf-ighting skills by allowing them to plan the battle, fight the battle and review the battle.
Alion worked with Vt MÄK to tai-lor Battle command to make it cost-effective and comprehensive. Engineers weighed the costs and benefits of each element of the latvian military solu-tion. this included defining customer needs and controlling expenses. Alion took Battle command simulation soft-ware to a different level by integrat-ing it in both a training program and an educational program to meet the latvian military’s requirements to use
the simulation countrywide – not just in one central simulation center. this approach addressed the latvian senior leadership’s vision to push simulation use through a distributed, easy-to-use manner down to the lowest possible level nationwide.
Among the support Alion provided to the latvian Armed Forces were over-all program management, advanced user training, terrain database development, extended on-site support and opera-tional use helpdesk support. latvian users were taught how to effectively install and use the software and how to build their own terrain to use with the software. Subject matter experts devel-oped a massive library of more than 100 individual function guides or checklists (in addition to the normal user’s manual) for the various functions associated with Battle command operation and terrain development.
Train the TrainersAn integral part of making the simula-tion software cost-effective involved establishing a technically and opera-tionally proficient latvian program man-
agement office to provide oversight of all simulation activities, act as a helpdesk and provide “master trainers” for the future nationwide use expansion. the “master trainers” were trained through the “training the trainer” approach. Alion worked with selected military person-nel, who previously did not have exten-sive simulation experience, and taught them how to employ the simulation tool, helping them to become effective “mas-ter trainers.” these “master trainers” are now able to pass on their knowledge to other military personnel, enabling them to operate the battle simulation program on their own.
Additionally, the latvian forces were trained to run major brigade-level exer-cises without external subject matter experts. this saved the latvian military an additional $1.5 million during the first year. Subsequent savings of $1.5 million per year is expected in program sustain-ment costs since latvia Armed Forces do not require on-site U.S. experts. this training and fielding approach better ensures and protects the investment by the U.S. and latvia in simulation by establishing a capability for latvia to
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sustain and grow its simulation capa-bility with its own people and resources within a budget they can afford.
Program ManagementAlion’s role as the program management and subject matter expert included sup-port of nationwide training exercises with the latvian Armed Forces using Vt MÄK’s Battle command desktop training simulation. these brigade-level exercises were the culmination of a five-month long project that included fielding, new equipment training and advanced training.
originally, this annual national level training exercise was scheduled to be a live field exercise but the exercise was scheduled for cancelation due to budget restrictions. However, with the fielding of the Battle command simulation, it was determined that the training objectives could be accomplished using a simula-tion tool at a considerable savings. there-fore, latvian military leaders decided to replace the previously planned, and can-celled, live training with a constructive simulation training exercise using Battle command.
Interoperability with command & control SystemsDuring the exercise planning and devel-opment process prior to the national exercise, the latvian senior leadership discussed the possibilities of using their tactical command and control per-sonal computer (c2pc) system, which is a U.S. command and control tool, in the simulation exercise. they would normally use this system in live field exercise operations in their command posts but were trying to determine how it could be used by the command cent-ers to track the battle in this simulation exercise.
Because Battle command simula-tion can interoperate with other simu-lations and systems such as command and control systems, it was worth exploring with the latvian military. Similar type interoperability during exercises had been performed with Bat-tle command, so an experiment as part of the national exercise was arranged in latvia for determining the effective-ness of the interoperability between the Battle command simulation and the latvian c2pc system.
the result was highly successful.
With the installation of a small soft-ware program from Vt MÄK and some small modifications, within 10 minutes, the battlefield picture of all friendly and identified enemy units in the simula-tion were being displayed in the c2pc system in the main brigade headquar-ters, just as it would have been in a live exercise. the latvian senior leader-ship decided at that point to continue the remainder of the exercise using the c2pc to Battle command linkage. there were no issues with its use dur-ing the exercise, and it greatly added to the realism of the training for the latvia command posts and their staffs. this achievement provided the latvian mili-tary with limitless options for support of future exercises.
The Resultthe fielding of Battle command provided the latvian Armed Forces with its first simulation capability at nearly one-third the cost of procuring and fielding a more complex simulation tool. the latvian military leaders proved that the multipur-pose simulation tool:• is able to be used in a large national simulation center;• Suits classroom environments;• Serves as an enhancement/sustain-ment tool to other simulation tools in use;• can be used in solo mode as a study aide;• is able to support distributed exercises
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with locations throughout latvia and the world;• is interoperable with the latvian real-world command and control system; and• Meets training and educational needs through a software system that has the same type of coding as more complex simulations but is easier to operate.
Additionally, the training and sup-portive approach resulted in overall annual savings for the latvia military of $1.5 million in sustainment costs. the management plan provided sub-ject matter experts to initially train the latvia forces for the normal three week new equipment training period, which is part of the standard pEo-StRi program of support. Alion further con-ducted two additional training periods of four weeks to six weeks and con-cluded with a comprehensive exercise. this entire process took less than six months to complete, instead of the normal one full initial year plus follow-on additional years of subject matter expert support.
Despite budget cuts, the approach with reasonable procurement and field-ing and program management costs has provided the latvian Armed Forces another option for a national simulation capability which has greatly increased the military’s ability to train - a simula-tion capability with all of the character-istics and capabilities of a large system for good performance.
not only did the fielded simulation program exceed its identified require-ments, Alion trained the latvian military personnel to use the software within six months and left the country ahead of schedule. this resulted in savings that
Above
View of latvian terrain near the city of liepa
in Battle command simulation.
image credit: Author.
10 MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010
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MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 11
the country can use for needs that would otherwise have been spent on continu-ing sustainment support.
the latvian Armed Forces program demonstrated that Alion can deliver simulation capabilities quickly and cost effectively, reducing the cost of owner-ship by eliminating costs associated with ongoing support and sustain-ment. By lowering capital investments requirements, this approach lowers the entry barrier for smaller countries that want to increase and enhance their armed forces simulation training pro-grams and capability.
Futurethe leadership of the latvian Armed Forces envisions the use of this simula-tion capability across all levels of their military services. Simulation will be used to train Home Guard forces, in aca-demic institutions and training facilities, and in various small unit organizations throughout the country in distributed or stand-alone exercises. the key to the latvian military’s training success is reasonable procurement and fielding costs and vastly reduced sustainment costs. this intermediate level simulation
system is constructed so that latvian personnel can rapidly learn to operate, maintain and sustain all associated sim-ulation functions on their own.
cost and complexity have forced many smaller countries to put off adopting a simulation training program or accept an extremely complex solution with min-imal sustainment support and training. latvian senior military officials along with the office of Defense cooperation chief in latvia conducted extensive research
on the options available to address their requirements with the funding they had available. the latvia military’s implemen-tation of the Battle command simulation capability serves as an example to other nAto countries that they can afford to enhance their national training capabili-ties through various means and not just the standard, expensive and highly tech-nical options of the past. ms&t
About the AuthorHarry thompson serves as international programs Business Manager and Vice president for program Management, Alion Science and technology. He has worked in the modeling and simulation community for more than 20 years and in the international and nAto M&S envi-ronment for more than 14 years, the last 10 years with Alion.
left
Harry thompson (right), Alion Science and
technology program Manager, and Major
Andris Auliciems review results of training
exercise in preparation for After Action
Review (AAR) of the exercise.
image credit: Author.
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Stimulated in part by US Department of Defense (DoD) requirements and funding,
and military and civilian demand for improved patient safety and outcomes, next-generation application of modeling and simulation technologies to medical training is emerging as a viable market for those in the defense and aviation training industry community. The health care community is recognizing that it has similar training problems to those encountered in aviation and the military, and that the training solutions those two communities have developed and implemented can be adapted to meet and resolve medical training challenges as well.
ParallelsOne training provider that sees the close correlation of medical training needs to its aviation and military training prod-uct, concept and curricula training solu-tions is CAE. According to Guillaume
Hervé, President of CAE Healthcare, there are parallels in the three areas, namely, high-risk environments where people’s lives are at stake, and an expected high outcome of saving and preserving those lives. He explained that is why successful training concepts, such as crew resource management (CRM) from the avia-tion industry, can be applied to medical team training to improve practitioners’ decision-making and cognitive reason-ing ability to quickly identify and resolve problem areas in the operating room,
“We started looking at areas where simulation can play a can play a role in reducing risk, and we quickly realized that there are lots of parallels between health care and aviation, both civil and military,” Hervé said. “They all are high-risk areas where you need a lot of differ-ent stakeholders to execute flawlessly for the outcomes to be positive, making sure that a flight is safe, a military mis-sion is properly executed, or in the case of health care that a patient is properly
treated. Our mission is to improve the safety and efficiency of health care by leveraging simulation, modeling and simulation-based training best practices from our aviation and military training applications.”
In addition to applying CAE’s own aviation and military training knowl-edge and experience to health care, CAE Healthcare has recently made what Hervé refers to as “bolt-on” acqui-sitions of medical simulation and train-ing provider companies to gain both new products and medical expertise. In February, the subsidiary partnered with the Ontario’s not-for-profit transport medicine provider Ornge to become the
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A growing MarketThere is opportunity in the growing medical simulation and training market. chuck Weirauch describes some initiatives in that market.
Above
The CAE-Michener Centre for the
Advancement of Simulation in Healthcare is
expected to train more than 1,500 students
and healthcare practitioners per year.
Image credit: CAE.
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MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 13
exclusive provider of that company’s simulation and education programs for healthcare practitioners. Earlier, CAE Healthcare acquired ICCU Imaging and VIMEDIX. The former firm provides edu-cation programs for bedside ultrasound procedures, while the latter recently launched its new virtual reality echocar-diography simulator. Prior to that, CAE Healthcare had acquired Immersion Cor-poration’s medical simulation business unit, which provides endoscopy, laparos-copy and endovascular simulators.
According to Hervé, the goal is to provide an integrated training program, complete with the equivalent of a full flight simulator, and training broken down into part task trainers, with high-fidelity Web-based training similar to those employed in the military training community. Simulation reduces the time it takes to train a health care professional to learn to conduct a procedure, while improving patient safety by helping reduce medical errors through enhanced training where a student must demon-strate competency, Hervé explained.
According to Jeff Bergenthal, Direc-tor of Advanced Programs at Lockheed Martin Simulation, Training and Sup-port, the health care profession is fac-ing exactly the same training challenges that the military does. There are “a lot of tremendous parallels” between what his company does in the way of train-ing solutions for the military and what is needed in the health care world to pro-vide better patient care, he pointed out. That is why his company has been tak-ing a look at what it does for its military customers every day to determine what it can provide to help encourage profound changes in the health care field that will result in improved patient safety.
The firm’s first health care venture is a partnership with Adventist Healthcare to develop a training program for the health care system’s new nurses. The overall goal is to give new nurses the knowledge and experience that a nurse with many more years of experience would have. The primary focus is to develop and hone the nurses’ situational awareness, as well as decision-making and communication skills, and accelerate this process to an expert level through the use of virtual worlds, immersive simulation and Web-based training, Bergenthal explained.
To accomplish this task, Lockheed Martin called on its Human Performance
Engineering Division to formulate and build expert nurse models to use during the whole program of instruction. Dur-ing the course, the performance of new nurses is compared with the expert mod-els throughout training and assessment to understand what knowledge and skill gaps are being closed and how close they are to becoming an expert.
The instructional courseware effort was begun 18 months ago and was delivered to Adventist Healthcare last fall. Work is now underway to double the content of the program of instruction, with a pilot study to begin next year to quantify and validate the results of the expanded program. Meanwhile, Lock-heed Martin is looking to further expand into the health care training arena.
“I think that there are a lot of oppor-tunities that are out there in our tradi-tional customer set, such as the Depart-ment of Veteran Affairs,” Bergenthal said. “There is also tremendous opportunity in the civilian health care arena. Health care reform is going to cause providers to ensure to provide the best health care they can, so anything that can help them with that goal will have value.”
Virtual WorldsAmong the simulation-based technolo-gies that can be exploited, such as gam-ing, to meet health care training needs, one that is gaining traction is virtual worlds. That is because the technology is ideally suited to meet the critical health care challenge of providing training to a diverse group of health care providers who must work in teams, such as surgi-cal teams, but who rarely get the time or opportunity to train together.
SAIC has made a foray into the health care training arena with its purchase of Forterra Systems’ On-line Interactive Vir-tual Environment (OLIVE) in February. The OLIVE has already been employed in hospital training of civilian and mili-tary emergency medical teams and first responders, including for Stanford Uni-versity’s Medical Center and Walter Reed Medical Center. SAIC has a medical research division, and OLIVE has poten-tial applications for that area.
Medical training is just one applica-tion for OLIVE, but a major one for SAIC, said Robert Franceschini, Division Man-ager for the company’s Orlando-based Simulation Systems Division. The OLIVE platform can connect with third party
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medical models and provide detailed physiological models of patient behav-iors, conditions and vital signs and has some ability to represent emergency medical facilities, he pointed out.
“In general, we think that OLIVE is very well suited to any situation where there are multiple participants doing team training, and in the medical com-munity there are a number of those where people are distributed but then have to work together. Virtual worlds are set up by their nature to be collabo-rative environments, and another big advantage is cost, being much cheaper to employ compared to other simulation systems.”
“As simulation becomes more mature, it’s harder to argue against it from an economic perspective, espe-cially because simulation is able to rep-resent complex medical environments in scenarios,” Franceschini summed up. “That’s becoming a compelling argu-ment, and ultimately there will be quite a good market for medical simulation and training.”
Engineering and Computer Simula-tions (ECS) has focused its product line on game-based medical training solu-tions for several years, and perhaps is best known for its Tactical Combat Casu-alty Care (TC3) simulation for the Army’s Department of Combat Medic Training at Fort Sam Houston, Texas. The com-pany’s latest product is the Virtual Medi-cal Simulation Training Center (VMSTC), a networked medically orientated virtual world based on the Nexus Web platform for the distribution of medical learning content that would include virtual class-rooms, simulation-based training, immer-sive environments, social networks and online repositories to allow users to meet medical training requirements. The first VMSTC is scheduled for delivery to the Army Research, Development and Engi-neering Command (RDECOM)’s Simu-lation Technology and Training Center (STTC) this August.
According to ECS President Waymon Armstrong, the VMSTC will create a vir-tual medical channel learning environ-ment that will serve as a central access platform to bring together medical instruction and education materials from various and diverse sources. Health care professionals will be able to access this material online, interact with it via their avatars and train together with distrib-
uted medical team members in a virtual classroom environment, he explained. The VMSTC will be particularly useful in providing the means for health care pro-fessionals to meet their continuing edu-cation requirements and train to operate new medical equipment.
“Virtual worlds allow medical per-sonnel to train anytime and anywhere and can provide the hands-on expertise that they need,” Armstrong said. “They also are going to give you that team training exercise capability.”
According to Jack Norfleet, the STTC’s Chief Engineer for Medical Simu-lation, the VMSTC is developed to create a virtual world that will allow the deliv-ery of many different types of medical distance learning products from a single point, an approach similar to the Army Knowledge Online (AKO) Web portal. The primary goal is to create a virtual campus for medical learning.
ECS is “very bullish” on the future of medical simulation, Armstrong empha-sized. With defense budgets being cut back and health care reform calling for the means to improve patient safety, there will be funding available for civilian medical simulation, he believes. Larger defense training providers will take the same role as lead system integrators for civilian medical applications just as they have for the military, while smaller com-panies will provide the solutions, Arm-strong feels.
other Simulation ApplicationsThe STTC is researching several other applications of simulation technology for medical training. One that currently has high priority is the development of alternatives to the use of live animals for medical training. According to Norfleet, simulation might be just might be one of
those alternatives. To find out, the Center is drawing on its experience with simu-lating severe trauma.
“This is less about trying to reduce the reliance on live animals than it is about trying to increase the technology to a level where we can train all the Force on simulations that are as good as live animals,” Norfleet said. ‘In so doing, we will be able to raise the level of training throughout the Force without them.”
Some of the other STTC areas of med-ical simulation research include virtual patients and the development of natural language processing, Norfleet reported. The latter is so that a virtual patient would have language capabilities that would allow medics to practice patients’ health evaluations with them. Another area is gaming for medical training. The STTC was the contracting agency in the development of the ECS TC3 simulation. Work also continues to further the capa-bilities of wireless patient mannequins, an STTC led development.
“This simulation work is from the aspect of patient safety,” Norfleet pointed out. “In order to provide our caregivers with the skill and confidence levels they need through training, we have to let them practice. And the nature of medi-cine is that you can’t do that on patients, so you have to do that in simulation. The patient element has always been a weak-ness in medical training, and that’s why the medical simulation industry is grow-ing significantly. It’s a logical progression of the technology.” ms&t
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Above
OLIVE has been employed in hospital
training of civilian and military emergency
medical teams and first responders.
Image credit: SAIC.
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Most would agree that train-ing people to maintain and fix things is best done
using a blend of computer-based course-ware, simulation and hands-on practical performance of real maintenance tasks. So why do we still see a reluctance to use one or another of the components of this blended approach? Why do some resist using computer-based courseware to deliver training and others embrace it as the solution to all their problems? Entrenched positions at the extremes promote narrow approaches that actually detract from the training process by fail-ing to leverage training technology and instructional methods. Clearly, using a combination of methods and media (old and new) is doable and it works best. Technical training in Canadian Forces aircraft fleets is changing and I’m ready to say we’ve got it (almost) right.
I will attempt to show, quite unscien-tifically of course, three good things: first, that using elearning (or what we some-
times call Interactive/Individual Course-ware (ICW)) is good as long as it is not used exclusively; second, that making technical trainees perform work on air-craft or high-fidelity simulators does not increase timelines, does not require too much money and should be used in con-junction with other methods; third, and finally, that training people to do partic-ular tasks, whether on a computer or on an aircraft, is the only way to train skills. The latter is actually the backbone of the concept of using a blended approach to training. While a certain segment of training ‘experts’ stick to the notion that ‘skill-based’ training is the solution to technical performance – they gloss over the fact that to learn a skill one has to actually “do” something (a task), and the only way to demonstrate a skill is with a satisfactory task outcome. So, why not use real tasks? I believe that embedding real tasks in a blend of methods and media always gives the best results in the big picture.
The First Good ThingThe first good thing is that there are many different methods and many differ-ent media available because when you’re training someone how to do a task you can’t rely on one method of instruction. When I was at 10 Field Technical Train-ing Squadron (10 FTTS – the school that teaches CF-188 Hornet techs to main-tain those aircraft) I saw what works and what doesn’t work. The best pos-sible combination of using ICW and real work are the courses that trained Avion-ics Technicians (AVS) their basic AVS course. These guys have it figured out: they use ICW for most of the system or component descriptions (capabilities and limitations, etc.) and some proce-dures and then move on to instructor-
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Training People to Do Things What really works. lt(N) Bradley White has participated in and observed the ongoing transformation of technical training in the Canadian Air Force. He discusses some key issues.
Above
Technical training in the Canadian Air
Force is producing competent and skilled
technicians.
Image credit: Canadian DND.
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MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 17
led to explain it further. Then they move on to using the Integrated Maintenance Training System (IMTS) for actual proce-dure training. The IMTS is the simulator designed and built with one purpose in mind: maintenance of the Hornet. They finish off with removing and installing a component on a real aircraft. Just plain common sense. So why am I describing this? Because what the school did for many years was to teach using only CBT – no real hands-on training. Not surpris-ingly, it took longer to train and graduates had to re-learn everything using their hands when they got to their operational units. Sound crazy? In hindsight we (the Air Force) know it was but we thought we knew what we were doing. Even so, there are still advocates trying to tell us we can learn technical skills without actually performing some work. In the AVS training described, most facts and concepts, in fact, come from ICW. Even some procedural knowledge comes from ICW. What doesn’t come from ICW is the instructor walking the students through higher-level knowledge and the students performing work either on a simulator or a real aircraft. What’s important is that they are practicing tasks.
The Second Good ThingThe second thing is that using simula-tors or real items to train hands-on work is not a burden, but the opposite. We are always conscious of reducing over-all costs, both in dollars and personnel. Hence the attractiveness of online ICW to senior managers – even though there are usually some higher initial costs (for production, etc) it simply costs less over time. However, enough time has passed since the Hornet world re-introduced hands-on training that we can safely say the quality and production rate achiev-able through using hands-on training far outweighs the costs. The Hornet world produces at least twice as many techs capable of their own work in less than half the time it took five years ago. In roughly ten months 10 FTTS brings a new technician to the point where he or she can actually perform maintenance and sign for much of their own work. Contrast this with 24 months, or even 36 months. The Sea King fleet can claim similar successes achieved by redesign-ing training. (see MS&T 2/2009 – “Out of the Box”) So what gives?
If ICW costs less than simulation (the high-end versions) and hands-on
using real aircraft (or tanks, or ships, or refrigeration units, etc), what’s missing? A systems view of the gains in effective-ness and efficiency are what is missing. The factor to add into the equation when we estimate costs is “quality”. The qual-ity, hence value, of a graduate who has actually learned to do something in a realistic manner is higher. While the cost of enabling your learners to manipulate something (either virtually or real) may be high, and the cost of expert techni-cians (instructors) to coach learners in small groups may be high, the quality of graduate you get at the end of the course is simply better, and it is faster. It is more effective and more efficient. If training is well designed you can pretty much throw a graduate on the line and have them fix a lot of things sooner and better than otherwise. You may pay more at the front end, getting it right the first time, but you save much more, over many more years, at the back end, by graduating job ready technicians in a shorter time.
The Third Good ThingCF success stories all have practical training in common. The interesting nugget that emerges from these stories
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is that no matter “how” this practical bit of training is applied it is the “what” that is key. Advocates of so-called skill-based training, of which there are many in the CF, do find success in ab initio schools where technicians learn skills such as basic air-craft mechanics or electrical systems. They find success because these skill sets are generic in nature and can be applied in quite broad fashion – and because they are based on performing generic tasks. What some technical schools for specific fleets continue to find – and prove – is that it is essential that actual maintenance pro-cedures are trained: that is, tasks!. Some of the greatest strides in Aviation Techni-cian (AVN) training at 10 FTTS have been made in the realization that the training of actual tried and true procedures, for say, landing gear rigging, can only be trained through application and repetition using detailed technical orders. Skill or no skill, task-based training on real or near-real (high fidelity) simulation simply cannot and will not be replaced by e-learning, courseware, ICW, etc. And, no amount of generic skill-based training (real or not) will replace it either.
Perhaps the greatest example of the application of a successful back-to-basics strategy for shortening training time and improving learning using a blend of ICW and hands-on work is the centralized Apprentice Training Flight concept as it has evolved in the Hor-net fleet. The key to ATF is that it uses master-apprentice relationships, small group learning and a whopping amount of hands-on training to enable some very good learning. The ATF actually trains apprentices in some key servic-ing and aircraft awareness tasks before they enter the more “academic” courses at the main schoolhouse at 10 FTTS. In effect, the Hornet fleet has sandwiched the training of theory, fact, and concept between the practical procedure train-ing. The result is that trainees are given enough training on the aircraft as they can handle to be effective at some basic tasks while at the same time this amount of training firms up the base of “aware-ness” and general aircraft knowledge so that the ICW delivered training makes sense. The trainee learns the aircraft and how to service it, then goes to the school where they undertake a program that delivers short bits of theory, then prac-tical, then theory, then practical, and so on as they work through detailed train-
ing on specific systems and on specific tasks. Essentially they do all three of the “good things” in a systematic manner. The result is skilled and able graduates…in half the time it took ten years ago.
The cost of Good ThingsIndeed there is a cost to to lead appren-tice or student technicians through such a blended type of training. Over the years 2007-2008 10 FTTS more than doubled its staff, from roughly 60 to over 130 regu-lar and reserve, and expanded to include a detachment at 3 Wing Bagotville, Que-bec. Importantly, this expansion was mostly at the Corporal and Master Cor-poral level – the level with the highest positive impact on student-instructor ratios. The expansion, however costly in terms of salaries and impact on existing Squadron manning, allowed the school to not only implement the ICW/practical blend but also increase student through-puts from approximately 60 graduates per year to, at its highest, over 210 gradu-ates per year. Not only did training time decrease by around 58% - the new train-ees can now perform a host of first-line maintenance skills on their own. Quite simply put, a change in training method-ology combined with a staff increase of 217% allowed the school to increase stu-dent throughput by 350%...and graduate better students in 42% of the time. And as for the cost of creating high fidelity
maintenance simulators in order to opti-mize training…as compared to the host of other methods the school used at vari-ous times during its two decade history the IMTS cost is a fraction of the others. (“Lessons Learned – Training Technolo-gies in Canadian Hornet Maintenance Training, G. Coulman and B. White, I/ITSEC 2009)
conclusionNothing I have written about is new or original. However, it’s well past the time that we can afford to spend time seeking panaceas for training solutions – especially for technical training. The fact is that a lot solutions work but they work in different ways. What it comes down to is when and where you want to spend your money – and what you need to train. Focus on silver bullet solutions at your peril. What we see in technical training in the Air Force is that good design with a mix of old and new, ICW and hands-on practical training, makes sense and produces competent and skilled technicians. ms&t
About the AuthorLieutenant (Navy) Bradley White is a Training Development Officer currently working with the CF-188 Modernization program and advising the Next Genera-tion Fighter Capability on maintenance training issues. He was formerly the Standards and Development Officer at 10 FTTS in Cold Lake, Alberta.
Disclaimer – This article reflects the authors personal views; it is not a Cana-dian Forces position on technical train-ing; nor an official position of the Training Development branch of the CF.
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Above
An instructor at 10 FTTS shows the
simulator used for CF-18 maintenance
training to students.
Image credit: Canadian DND/Pierre Habib.
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The US Department of Defense (DoD) is budgeting more than $6 billion for unmanned
aerial systems (UAS) in 2010. The number of UAS to be employed by the world’s military is expected to grow exponentially in the next few years. There is little doubt there will be an expansion of Joint service and Coalition operations employing UAS.
The Joint Unmanned Aircraft Sys-tems Center of Excellence (JUAS COE), located at Creech Air Force Base in Nevada, is the DoD-designated agency responsible for supporting the Joint Warfighter through the development and integration of common unmanned air-craft operating standards, capabilities, concepts, technologies, doctrine, tactics, techniques, procedures and training. In other words, it covers the scope of top-ics that involve the operation of DoD UAS, with a focus on anything that is not an acquisition-based problem. Initially established in 2005 as a means to resolve
the issue of which service would be the lead DoD agency for UAS, the JUAS COE was realigned under the US Joint Forces Command in 2007.
CONOPS With each US service having its own des-ignated UAS, and unique doctrine, tactics, techniques, procedures and training, the kind of joint service operations demanded by irregular warfare often proved chal-lenging. One of the first tasks for the JUAS COE was to develop the first joint UAS concept of operations (CONOPS). This CONOPS was approved by the Joint Requirements Oversight Council in March 2007, and described how the DoD should optimally employ UAS to achieve the greatest effectiveness.
A second edition of the CONOPS was also submitted and approved in late 2009. The JUAS COE works to update and integrate the latest UAS capabilities into the CONOPS on a regular basis. The document provides guidelines for joint
task force and operational planners to optimize the latest UAS capabilities to best support operations.
Airspace RequirementsIn the March 2010 US Government Accountability Office (GAO) report entitled “Comprehensive Planning and Results-Orientated Training Strategy are Needed to Support Growing UAS Inventories,” the GAO stated that in light of expanding UAS inventories, “in some cases the Air Force and Army lack robust plans that account for the person-nel, facilities and some communications structure to support them.” Further, it states that “the DoD has not developed a results-orientated strategy to resolve challenges that affect the ability of the Air Force and the Army to train person-nel for UAS operations.”
One training issue the GAO report cited was the limited amount of DoD-controlled airspace in restricted-area training ranges in which to train forces
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JUAS COEIf you are already in the business of Unmanned Aircraft Systems, you probably know all about JFCOM’s Center of Excellence. For the rest of us, Chuck Weirauch explains.
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on UAS prior to deployment. More such airspace will be required as more UAS are fielded, the report concluded. The Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff had tasked the JUAS COE to study US National Air Space (NAS) training requirements, and a resulting COE study determined that approximately 1.1 mil-lion flight training hours in the NAS would be needed by 2013. This issue is compounded by the fact that in addition to the need for training airspace at serv-ice bases and Combat Training Centers (CTCs), National Guard units will also need to find more areas for UAS training as they acquire those systems.
In the interest of civil aviation safety, the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires that any UAS operator, including DoD and other governmen-tal agencies that wish to operate in the NAS submit a Certificate of Authorization (COA) for approval describing in detail the parameters of any proposed UAS mission. Upon approval, the COAs allow limited NAS access, usually restricted by time and area of operation, along with other rules. The JUAS assists the serv-ices with COA approval while working towards wider access to the NAS.
“What we have done is gone to each one of the services within DoD to where we now have set up a DoD-FAA-DHS-NASA Executive Committee,” said Lt. Col. Steve Tanner, who is in charge of the JUAS COE Operations Branch. “We work for the Office of the Secretary of Defense UAS Task Force under the Airspace Inte-gration Integrated Product Team as our formal mechanism for requesting and getting major procedural and policy changes done between the departments.”
According to Lt. Col. Rudy Riden-baugh, Deputy Director of the JUAS COE Training Team, the organization supports and promotes DoD UAS research, includ-ing that on ground-based sense-and-avoid programs that are being developed to allow UAS to deconflict with air traffic in the NAS.
“We are the operational input for these systems,” Ridenbaugh pointed out. “As these systems mature in those locations where the DoD flies UAS, that area will hopefully expand. We need these airspaces to train our pilots and operations, need access to test and train our forces before they are deployed, and need COCOM access for real-world missions that depart from our CONUS stateside locations.”
UAS Training StandardsAnother way the JUAS COE is support-ing DoD access to the NAS is through the development of standardized training requirements for UAS aircrews. One result of its effort in this area is the Joint Chair-man of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction 3255.01, Joint Unmanned Aircraft Sys-tems Minimum Training Standards. All DoD UAS programs are transitioning to comply with these standards by October 2011. According to this document, this instruction “standardizes the minimum knowledge of basic UAS and joint UAS mission qualifications for joint UAS crew members. These qualification standards meet or exceed existing FAA manned air-craft training standards in order to facili-tate UAS access to the NAS.”
“There currently is no civilian stand-ard through which you can say that a person is qualified for UAS operations or not,” Tanner pointed out. “So we got collaboration amongst the services to agree that there should be some baseline UAS training standard, because there is no civilian standard which the services can use to look at and compare their pro-grams with.”
“ In the long run,” Tanner continued, “the FAA will use that kind of document because nobody else is producing these things to look at when the agency comes about to make civilian (training) require-ments for UAS operational issues. We are trying to provide a more concise, formal message about what is necessary for the DoD and present that to the FAA using the background expertise and opportu-nity that we have had to operate UAS for the past ten to fifteen years to kind of
mold the way the FAA is going. We can now say that our pilots and operators are trained to a certain level. We can then use that to help us gain greater access to the NAS, which helps our training readi-ness ultimately.”
UAS Classification SystemAlso embedded into the UAS Mini-mum Training Standards document is a UAS classification system developed by the JUAS COE staff, which will also be required to be adopted throughout the DoD next year. This system categorizes various types of UAS into five groups, based on characteristics such as weight, maximum operating altitude capability, allowable airspace categories and speed. For example, Group 1 is made up of UAS with aircraft that typically weigh less than 20 pounds, and can operate under visual flight rules (VFR) in Class E, G, and Restricted and Uncontrolled airspace at speeds less than 250 knots.
“Every service has had their own UAS classification scheme and different names for the systems, so it was almost impossible to get a size, altitude and dol-lar cost comparison when everyone was referencing platforms with similar capa-bilities as having different attributes and names,” Ridenbaugh said. “So we came up with the Group I through 5 classifica-tion system and linked those with FAA objectives.”
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Above
MQ-1 Predator training mission at
Creech Air Force Base, Nevada.
Image credit: U.S. Air Force/Nadine Barclay.
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“This is a home run,” he continued, “because now all the services, all the programs on the acquisition side and the FAA are all talking the same sheet of music. So now we have basic UAS stand-ardization across the DoD and the Fed-eral enterprise, like the DHS.”
Data Standards and TrainingAs the number of operational UAS increases, so too does the torrent of real-time video for immediate situational awareness interpretation and other UAS sensor data for later analysis. According to Ridenbaugh, there was no standard for interpreting video data, so there was nothing for analysts to train to for quali-fication. The JUAS COE helped push through such standards, so now the services have minimum training criteria in their analyst training programs, he pointed out.
Reportedly more than 24 million min-utes of video data has been recorded by DoD UAS aircraft and stored in reposi-tories, but except for real-time data piped to field commanders, much of what remains for later analysis can be useless if there is no way for analysts to know what is available or how to retrieve
it. Just recently, the DoD is looking at the way the sports networks are able to quickly access video recorded at sport-ing events to help resolve this problem. Defense Industry Daily recently reported that the Air Force will acquire a $500 mil-lion computer system that will enable it to employ such TV broadcast techniques for UAS data analysis.
“There is a tidal wave of information, and we try to bring it back to the com-manders in the field,” Ridenbaugh said. “With more UAS capabilities out there, we have to stay one step ahead of the game.”
Combined EffortsIn addition to helping resolve UAS opera-tional and training issues for the US serv-ices in CONUS, the JUAS also coordi-nates with NATO and Coalition partners to help facilitate joint international UAS operations. The agency has incorporated NATO Standard Agreements (STANAGs) for UAS operations and interoperability, and helps to resolve restricted airspace issues for UAS training in countries with US bases and operations.
Representatives from six UAS oper-ating partner countries – Canada, Ger-
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Two Day Conference: 27th and 28th September 2010Post Conference Workshop: 29th September 2010 10.00-13.00Venue: Le Méridien Piccadilly, London
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many, Denmark, Finland, Italy and Spain – participated in the semi-annual JUAS COE Advisory Council meeting held this May at the Joint Warfighting Center in Suffolk, Va., along with nearly 200 US service, combatant commands and gov-ernment agency personnel to discuss current UAS issues and future priorities. Some of the recommendations that were made at the meeting included joint train-ing requirements for ground unit intelli-gence, surveillance and reconnaissance planners and integrators and the updat-ing of motion imagery (video) analyst competency requirements.
“We are pretty much able to con-nect the dots and have a wide group of people that we operate with to propose and advocate UAS solutions,” Tanner summed up. “We also work to identify the best of breed – great ideas that need to be championed to the other services. We bring the unbiased part into the con-flict, with credibility for all sides. There is more effective work being conducted on UAS at all levels. This is going to be criti-cal. If we enter into a fiscally constrained environment in the future, we really are going to have to work together to come up with joint solutions.” ms&t
UAS CREWS REQUIRE MISSION READY TRAINING.
That’s why at L-3 Link we’re advancing the capabilities of UAS training systems.
This is visible today as L-3 Link continues to field the Predator Mission Aircrew Training System. This high-fidelity training system offers a new level of simulation realism for training unmanned aircraft pilots and sensor operators. And, as the line between training, mission rehearsal and mission execution begins to blur, we’re ready with our Blue Box HD solution to provide crews with total immersion. To learn more, visit www.link.com.
Link Simulat ion & Training L-3com.com
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UAS CREWS REQUIRE MISSION READY TRAINING.
That’s why at L-3 Link we’re advancing the capabilities of UAS training systems.
This is visible today as L-3 Link continues to field the Predator Mission Aircrew Training System. This high-fidelity training system offers a new level of simulation realism for training unmanned aircraft pilots and sensor operators. And, as the line between training, mission rehearsal and mission execution begins to blur, we’re ready with our Blue Box HD solution to provide crews with total immersion. To learn more, visit www.link.com.
Link Simulat ion & Training L-3com.com
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February 11, 1934 in Newark, N.J. was cold and foggy, with low-hanging clouds and shiv-
ering rain. The Army Air Corps officials standing alongside the airfield concluded that the man they wanted to talk to about his pilot training device would not be arriving on that soupy day. About to leave, they heard an engine humming overhead and saw an aircraft breaking through the clouds. Its pilot was Ed Link, and he had flown all the way from Binghamton, N.Y. despite the inclement weather. It was clear to the waiting officials that anyone who could make the 200-mile journey from Binghamton, N.Y. to Newark flying by instruments alone could fly anywhere. Officials in Washington, D.C. were imme-diately notified that funds needed to be secured to purchase Mr Link’s Pilot Maker. On June 23, 1934, the Army took delivery of the first six trainers.
Flying on the GroundNo-one could have dreamed up this suc-
cess story just seven years before when, in 1927, Ed first became seriously involved in flight training. He had learned basic fly-ing roaming around with “barnstormers” – stunt pilots and aerialists. And it was one reason why his father had thrown him out of the family business. Yet Ed still desper-ately wanted to become a licensed pilot. Since he had no plane of his own to fly, he got a feel for aeroplanes simply by taxi-ing them along the tarmac. He also found out that the French had used this method, dubbing it “penguin system” during World War I, with the result that they had better pilots than the Americans and the Brit-ish trained in a fraction of time the others had taken. At that point Ed realised that a device that provided all the movements and motions of taxiing aeroplanes would enable preliminary training to be done without ever having to leave the ground. It was a shortcut to flying that would con-siderably reduce overall training costs. He started assembling a mobile cockpit rep-lica that was intended to respond to the
controls in a similar way to an aeroplane. Ed largely benefited from the expertise he had gained in his father’s factory, which produced coin-operated electric pianos and movie theatre pipe organs. He used prefabricated piano and organ parts, elec-tric vacuum pumps and bellows to provide the air pressure needed for the movements his device made. At the same time, Ed continued taxiing up and down the Ben-nett Field runway in a friend’s aeroplane to get a feel for what was needed to trans-fer the sensations of a moving aircraft to a stationary simulator as closely as possible. In the end, this proved to be the most diffi-cult part of the process. His Pilot Maker, as he called it, was finally operational in early 1929. In April 1929 he submitted an initial patent application. Many experts consider this to be the start of the simulation age.
From Gadget to SeriousHangar FlyingLink’s first apparatus consisted of the con-trol base with a universal joint on which
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Ed Link – Pilot MakerMr. Link’s Pilot Maker trainer kicked off 8 decades of pilot training. Many experts consider that the 1929 patent marks the start of the simulation age. Walter F. Ullrich writes.
Far LeftMaybe the most important patent
in simulation history.Image credit: I/ITSEC.
Above & LeftEd Link was inducted into the
National Inventors Hall of Fame. His Flight Trainer was declared
“A Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark”.
Image credit: L-3.
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was mounted a scaled-down plywood fuselage. It looked quite simple, but in its day it was a masterpiece of mechanical engineer-ing. The physical movements of the control devices were trans-lated into pneumatic signals that moved the flight control surfaces and caused the trainer fuselage to roll, pitch or yaw just as the real aeroplane would. A series of bellows and motors gasped and wheezed as they whirled the mock-up aircraft, with its stunted wings, around. Ed’s device was fitted with a recording device for automatic scoring and recording the number of errors the student had made while operating it. And he equipped it with a coin slot! “My invention relates to a combination training device for student aviators and entertainment apparatus,” was how Ed described his invention. The first advertisement listed the Pilot Maker as “an efficient aeronautical training aid” and “a novel, profitable amuse-ment feature”. Though his device was received as an aviation novelty, even the magazine “Science and Invention” stressed the device’s great entertainment value, suggesting that it would make “a valuable adjunct to the multitude of golf courses that now dot the country”. To Link’s great regret he saw his device belittled as a training feature and downgraded to some sort of coin-operated hobbyhorse. At that point he decided that he had to open his own flying school to prove the training value of his Pilot Maker. He set up a classroom and trainer in the basement of his father’s factory in Binghamton. With his novel training approach, using a ground-based training device to impart basic flying skills, he managed to reduce the usual fifteen hours in the air to two. In turn this enabled him to advertise that pilots could “learn to fly for eighty-five dol-lars”, thereby attracting more than one hundred flight enthusiasts in 1930 alone. But the scenario suddenly changed when his flying school lost its home after his father’s piano factory folded in the aftermath of the 1929 depression. One bright spot in these dark early 1930s was his marriage to Marion Clayton, which put the Link Aeronautical Corporation, as his company was now called, on a more business-like footing. Marion also wrote the curriculum for the flying school – based on Ed’s dictations. Thus she most prob-ably published one of the first books on how to fly.
By 1932, his company had sold almost fifty Pilot Makers to amusement parks, but only three to aviation professionals. Just one flight school, the JVC Corporation, bought three trainers for “hangar flying”, as ground training was sometimes disparag-ingly called. True business success failed to materialise. Sales prices ranging from $300 to $500 a piece hardly covered pro-duction costs. Despite this, Ed continued improving his trainer. One trainer he had sold in 1932 to the U.S. Navy in Pensacola was completely instrumented. The officials there were deeply impressed and would have liked to buy five more for their instru-ment training. The naval authorities in Washington, however, did not feel that it would save enough time and money. In the same year, Ed loaned one trainer to the New Jersey National Guard at Newark Airport, which in turn presented the device to officers of the Army Air Corps for validation. Although most of the mili-tary experts agreed that the Army should make the Pilot Maker standard equipment at all airfields, no orders were received – for budgetary reasons. It would take a national disaster to help the Pilot Maker finally win through.
Learning from Bad Experience In early 1934, the U.S. Army Air Corps was tasked with delivering domestic airmail. It was an attempt to save money, but brought death and disaster instead. During the first week the Army lost
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five pilots, mostly because military pilots were not qualified to fly in bad weather and at night-time. At that point Ed Link’s Pilot Maker came to the fore. On Febru-ary 10, 1934, he was summoned to come to Newark the next day to present his trainer’s blind flying training capabilities to Army officials. That was when he made his very convincing 200-mile instrument-only flight. Due to the sluggish procure-ment process, however, his trainers did not enter the Army’s inventory until after the airlines had resumed airmail service. The chaotic experiment had killed twelve pilots and crashed sixty-five Army planes. Yet it meant the big breakthrough for Ed’s Pilot Maker. By this time all the experts had recognised that pilots needed instru-ment flying skills. Since “blind flying” training in the actual aircraft was both dangerous and costly, a ground trainer needed to take over.
A month later, Link Aeronautical Corporation started exporting the first of ten trainers to Japan. Ed Link later found out that one trainer had been completely taken apart, obviously in an attempt to copy every detail. The Japanese, how-ever, failed in their attempts to reassem-ble it. The next foreign order came from the Russian Amtorg Trading Corporation, purchasing four “Model A” trainers. Eng-land and France joined the buyer list and, following more military orders, Ed estab-lished a new company, Link Aviation, Inc., to manufacture the training devices. Link’s “C-series” appeared in 1936 and featured a full-scale instrument panel and a separate desk assembly for an instruc-tor. Some improvements – a mechanism to simulate wind drift and a remote indi-cation panel for the instructor – resulted in the new “D” trainer only a year later.
Supplying the Good Guys and the BadMost “D” types were sold to Europe, where nations were gearing up for war. Even though the instruments were standard, the markings conformed to the customer’s language and practices. A contract with the British Royal Air Force for the delivery of some one hundred Link D trainers led to the founding of a company in Canada. The “E-type” was produced from 1938 onwards. It offered indications for a simulated instrument landing system (ILS) and an automatic direction finder (ADF). Its panel was no longer generic, but featured exactly
that panel found in the aircraft the pilots were training to fly. The Link E trainer was exported in large numbers to user nations worldwide, including Germany and Japan, even after war had broken out in 1939, in a fairly naive attempt to maintain the United States’ neutral role. When, in December 1941, the United States entered World War II, thirty-five nations from both warring parties were using Link trainers, and it seems an irony of fate that the pilots of the Japanese Imperial Navy might have acquired their instrument flying skills for their attack on Pearl Harbor on a Link trainer.
Now, with the United States at war, the Air Corps, Navy and Coast Guard took over overall production in the Link facilities, demanding new and even more realistic trainers. If more young men had to become pilots in less time, there would have to be trainers that were able to reproduce as many flight characteris-tics as possible. The improvements and modifications Ed Link and his engineers made to the previous model resulted in a new model designation: the ANT-18 (Army Navy Trainer model 18). It was one of the first training devices that followed military standards and was the most advanced state-of-the-art at the time, both in terms of realism and accuracy. A further development followed two years later, when the ANT-18 was adapted to the AT-6-SNJ single-engine training air-craft. It was the first time that a ground trainer was designed to represent the characteristics and peculiarities of a spe-cific aeroplane as closely as possible. The C-8/IC-A1 trainer delivered to the Army/Navy in 1945 was an early version of an operational flight trainer and was used to teach all phases of elementary and advanced instrument flying, including radio navigation, radio range and loop
orientation, instrument landing systems, voice procedure, and flight and engine instrument familiarisation.
Great MeritsBy end of the War, more than ten thou-sand Link Trainers had been produced. At the height of production the “Blue Boxes”, as the Link Trainers were called on account of their blue paintwork, had left the assembly line at a rate of one every forty-five minutes. During World War II, over half a million Allied airmen qualified on Link Trainers. The great contribution Ed Link and his Pilot Maker made to war-time aviation training has been noted in official reports on more than one occa-sion. His Trainer saved lives, costs and freed up men and aircraft for combat. In 2000 the Link Flight Trainer was declared “A Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark”, and in 2003 Ed Link was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. However, the finest compliment Ed received came from one grateful cus-tomer, Air Marshall Robert Leckie, war-time Chief of Staff of the Royal Canadian Air Force, who observed that, “the Luft-waffe met its Waterloo on all the training fields of the free world where there was a battery of Link Trainers.” ms&t
AcknowledgementsThe author wishes to thank L-3 Link Simulation & Training for providing in-depth information about Ed Link and his famous Pilot Maker. Particular thanks goes to Rick Oyler, whose interesting anecdotes about the inventor gave the author great impetus to write the article.
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T H e w o r l d ’ s l a r g e s T m o d e l i n g & s i m u l a T i o n e v e n T
n a T i o n a l T r a i n i n g a n d s i m u l a T i o n a s s o c i a T i o n
I/ITSEC
2 9 n o v e m b e r - 2 d e c e m b e r , 2 0 1 0 u o r l a n d o , F l o r i d a
InterservIce/Industry traInIng, sImulatIon & educatIon conference
w w w . I I t s e c . o r g
why I/Itsec?u 18,000 Industry experts
u 550 exhibiting companies
u 160 technical sessions/tutorials
Save the date!
29 November –
2 December
Over half a million allied airmen qualified on
more than ten thousand Link trainers during
World War II.
Image credit: L-3.
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T H e w o r l d ’ s l a r g e s T m o d e l i n g & s i m u l a T i o n e v e n T
n a T i o n a l T r a i n i n g a n d s i m u l a T i o n a s s o c i a T i o n
I/ITSEC
2 9 n o v e m b e r - 2 d e c e m b e r , 2 0 1 0 u o r l a n d o , F l o r i d a
InterservIce/Industry traInIng, sImulatIon & educatIon conference
w w w . I I t s e c . o r g
why I/Itsec?u 18,000 Industry experts
u 550 exhibiting companies
u 160 technical sessions/tutorials
Save the date!
29 November –
2 December
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This year’s ITEC was held from 18 to 20 May 2010 at the ExCeL London, UK. While
most attendees felt there were fewer people in the corridors and most exhibi-tors spoke about rather slow traffic, the organisers, Clarion Events, has confirmed attendee numbers of more than 2,900 at this year’s show – a 20% increase on 2009 – and the quality of the visitors counts. Exhibitors were consistently full of praise when it came to valuable con-tacts. Even better was that last year’s absentees gave a positive assessment of the event: “We have had a very good show … and we have seen customers from several continents,” said Thorsten Heinzen, Rheinmetall Defence’s Senior Vice President, Simulation and Training. “ITEC has proved to be an excellent plat-form for Metrix in the past,” explained Christopher Moseley, Communications Director, Metrix UK, “and in this critically important year we thought it very impor-tant to return to the event.” And Anders
Løkke from projectiondesign, first-time exhibitor in 2009, confirmed that the show exceeded their expectations in terms of visitor quality: “It created a lot of interest from visitors and professionals working in the simulation and education markets.”
The ITEC 2010 conference commit-tee, chaired by Anne O’Reilly, Manag-ing Director Mabway UK, had been very ambitious with regard to the variety of subjects and the number of presen-tations. Most topics revolved around training, looking at all domains of train-ing, investigating the most diverse uses. Practical applications that directly help soldiers and operators to execute their mission were covered, including cur-rent topics like counter-IED training. But modeling and simulation other than training was also on the agenda, for example data farming, support across the acquisition life cycle and decision support. Overall, conference participants appeared satisfied.
Senior PanelKeynote speaker Lieutenant General Paul Newton, recently appointed Com-mander Force Development and Train-ing, British Army, UK, said that his com-mand had been giving some thought to how to ensure that the army is a learn-ing organisation. “An institution does not learn until it has done something with the knowledge it has gathered, and we intend to put our lessons learned right at the heart of constantly adapting our doc-trine and our training,” he said. “We are looking at ways to involve our partners, be they providers of training support or of equipment, more directly in that.” Rear Admiral Chris Snow, Flag Officer Sea Training and Rear Admiral Surface Ships, Royal Navy, UK, the event’s senior host, sees the real challenge as “Training regu-lar forces to face an irregular threat”. He also took up an idea introduced by the previous speaker, namely that training has to go beyond Afghanistan. For Rear Admiral Joseph F. Kilkenny, Commander,
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ITEC 2010Holding up well in tough times, ITEC 2010 was considered a success by organisers, exhibitors and attendees. Walter F. Ullrich reports.
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Naval Education and Training Command, US Navy, United States, today’s challenge is that we have to train “multiple foes”, and some may not be found in conven-tional military areas, for instance cyber-space. Captain Rainer Endres, GE Navy, Director Naval Development, Training and Education, stressed the importance of standards when training with part-ners. However, despite all the techno-logical evolution in training, the primary asset was personnel. The only civilian on the panel, John D. Harris, President of Raytheon Technical Services Company, United States, presented a most effective business model. At the U.S. Army Intel-ligence Center School in Fort Huachuca, Arizona, 1,700 civilians, nearly all of them former soldiers themselves recruited for their in-theatre experience, are providing more than 40% of the training force for irregular warfare training. “Substituting industry for military personnel enables more warfighters to serve where they are needed most – on the front line – while still maintaining the ethos required to perform the mission,” he said.
ExhibitorsMore than 150 companies displayed training and simulation products and services. 47 companies were new to ITEC, among them Northrop Grum-man and Havelsan from Turkey. All the big North American players had booths; RUAG and Barco were missing from the big European league, as was Thales. The trend is towards modesty: smaller stands, less hands-on hardware, and more mod-els and memory sticks. Here are some items that caught MS&T editors’ eyes.
The FR12 Remote Light Source projector series designed by Norway’s projectiondesign® revolutionises the way a projector is installed. The Remote Light Source technology removes the projector bulb from the projection head; locates it up to 30m away, and does away with all traditional concerns such as noise and heat management, installa-tion orientation, lamp replacement and maintenance scheduling. Equipe’s G10 IG powered visualisation on the projec-tiondesign booth.
MSE Weibull showcased ILTTUS, an instrumented training system for force-on-force training in an urban environ-ment. It is based on Vitrius, a real-time 3D motion-tracking system, developed by the Swiss company TENETEC. It identifies
and tracks passive smart tags extremely efficiently down to the centimetre.
Kongsberg’s protector Training System, a training solution for armoured vehicle personnel, follows the trend towards conscious simplicity. The modu-lar system supports the full spectrum of training from basic skills to crew, and networked multi-crew training. Origi-nally developed for the Protector Remote Weapon System, its generic design approach permits adaptation to any vehi-cle and remote weapon station.
SAIC presented the newly acquired oLIVE 3-D (Online Interactive Virtual Environment), now a member of the company’s The SimInsight™ plat-form. Integrated into an Afghan check-point scenario, it demonstrated how the SimInsight products are able to quickly develop rich synthetic environments for training and mission rehearsal.
NavShoe™, an inertial-based per-sonnel tracking system, has obvious mili-tary utility in built-up areas where GPS is denied, but could also have applica-tion for fire and police activity. Accuracy is given as 1% of distance travelled, and the inertial equipment can be built into a boot or shoe.
An I-Pod®-based version of the Insight identification and recognition tool from DTM Global can hold up to 1500 3-D models of ground vehicles, air-craft, warships and missiles. The images can be viewed from any aspect or range. Insight™ Mobile is shortly to be trialled for the first time by the UK Army Aviation Centre.
Bohemia Interactive Simulations demonstrated their Virtual Battlespace (VBS) 2 system, which now also simulates air and sea environments, for a variety of applications, including mission rehearsal and tactical training up to Combat Team
level, combined arms or joint training, and specialist procedural training.
Boeing is marketing new classroom training software in which an ‘intelligent instructor’ sets tasks for the students – in this case, Chinook maintainers – and provides feedback and associated logic as the student correctly or incorrectly performs the assigned tasks.
The Defence Training Review (DTR), ‘seeks to transform the way spe-cialist training is delivered to better support the future needs of the Armed Forces’. Package 1 of the DTR involves the provision of the Defence Technical College at St Athan in Glamorgan, which will subsume existing technical training for the 3 services. A mood of optimism is evident in the Metrix Consortium, the preferred bidder for Package 1; the con-sortium, led by QinetiQ and Sodexo, has been awarded an early-works contract, and a full contract decision is anticipated before the end of this year.
The role-playing services offered at the small booth of the UK company Amputees in Action Ltd. are very dif-ferent from any other on offer at ITEC. By using and combining the techniques of amputees acting the part of casual-ties and clinical special effects (SFX), the company replicates traumatic injuries that are so close to reality that trainees can scarcely bear it. Yet it is simulation, preparing users for real situations they must bear.
ITEC 2011 will be held from 10 to 12 May at the Koelnmesse in Cologne, Germany. ms&t
Above
Exhibitors made some valuable contacts at
this year’s event.
All images: Walter F. Ullrich.
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The operation of UAVs, given prominence by wide employ-ment in Iraq and Afghani-
stan, is one of the most rapidly devel-oping areas of defence today. IQPC’s UAV Training and Simulation Conference 2010, London, 25/26 May, focused on the training and other issues that enhance – or in some cases limit – their exploita-tion. The programme included presen-tations from the US Air Force, Army and Marine Corps; the RAF and Army, the Belgian, Canadian, Swiss, and Italian Armed Forces, and NATO.
Micro-, mini- and tactical UAVs are operated by ground forces, and the oper-ational and strategic by air forces. Pre-senters unsurprisingly reflected the size of their UAV forces, the complexity and roles of the vehicles, and the intensity of operations. Nevertheless, some com-mon themes emerged. Perhaps the most pressing issue discussed was not UAV training, but recruitment and retention. It is estimated that there will be a world-
wide annual requirement for 1500 new UAV pilots at the tactical level and above.
The increase in UAV pilot require-ment is partly mitigated by budget-driven decreases in manned aircraft; however, there is an insatiable appetite for more capability in operational thea-tres. The USAF goal for the Predator/Reaper force is a total of 65 permanently manned CAPs (Combat Air Patrol); this requires 1650 aviators. Both USAF and RAF recognised some time ago that this could not be met from existing sources. Both have taken qualified aircrew from other systems to plug the gap, and both have diverted students from the pilot training system to UAV. It is recognised that this may create a mismatch between aspiration and achievement, with con-sequent implications for retention. The creation of a specialist career in UAV operations is the preferred USAF solu-tion; the Beta Program was a trial of ab-initio UAV training and this has recently been formalised as a new career path.
On a much smaller scale, the RAF is tri-alling the training of non-rated officers from the Ops Support Branch. If adopted, this option may attract candidates who score highly in aptitude testing but who are unable, usually for medical reasons, to undertake pilot training.
‘Crew’ composition also varied, with 2-man (pilot and payload operator) the most common. The USMC’s RQ7 Shadow concept involved a rated Unmanned Aircraft Commander, supervising an unrated Air Vehicle Operator and Mis-sion Payload Operator. The UK Army’s tactical UAVs required an ‘Authorising Officer’ to supervise less qualified oper-ating crew, and the Belgian B-Hunter crew comprised an officer Mission Com-mander leading NCO Pilot/Navigator and Real-Time Observer, none of them rated or with any flight time. The extent to which the mission analysts were an integral part of the team also varied. The crew of the Canadian Heron includes 3 intelligence analysts.
30 MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010
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UAV Training and Simulation Participants at the 2010 UAV Training and Simulation conference shared experiences with the ongoing challenges of meeting growing demands for capability. Dim Jones reports.
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MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 31
Another major topic was the quali-fication and clearance necessary to fly UAVs in civil airspace, and over popu-lated areas. Flight over populated areas is essentially an aircraft safety issue, and UAVs must satisfy the same airworthi-ness criteria as other aircraft. Flight outside restricted areas (ie with no posi-tive co-ordination) relies on an element of ‘see and avoid’. To what extent the ability of a UAV to ‘sense-and-avoid‘ might satisfy this requirement is open to debate. In Bosnia and Kosovo, UAVs shared airspace with civil traffic, albeit imposing restrictions on that traffic which would only be tolerated in war-time. The dictionary definition of ‘pilot’ is “a person who operates the flying controls of an aircraft”; ICAO states that “The pilot-in-command of an aircraft shall, whether manipulating the con-trols or not, be responsible for the opera-tion of the aircraft in accordance with the rules of the air”. Arguably, a UAV pilot meets these criteria and, provided the aircraft is suitably equipped and the pilot properly qualified, procedural flight in controlled airspace ought to be possible, although opinion on the rat-ing requirement varied widely. Training packages and simulators are often ‘late additions’ to any procurement piece, but as civil airspace opens to UAV operators, and the licensing requirements become more defined, this aspect will drive a significant level of commitment. Simu-lation tended to take a back seat in this
forum; however, the eternal argument about simulator fidelity and form-fit-function in manned aviation falls neatly into the lap of UAV simulator supporters: no G-force required! With limitations on training airspace, frequencies, non-com-bat airframes and representative target sets, the use of ‘live fly’ UAV training has even fewer advocates. Simulator com-panies need to be aware of this window of opportunity.
The approach taken to manning and training UAV forces reflected the type and intensity of operations envis-aged. The Belgian Forces, although having deployed UAVs in Bosnia and Congo, are now home-based, albeit in the “worst place in Europe to fly a UAV” – dense population, congested airspace and a saturated EM environment. The Italian Air Force has operated Strip-C in Afghanistan and Somalia, and Predator/Reaper in Iraq. However, pride of place in the intensity stakes must go to the Predator/Reaper operation covering the Iraq and Afghanistan theatres and con-trolled from Creech AFB in Nevada. I have mentioned the 65 CAPs and 1650 aviators required. At a time when RPA (Remotely Piloted Aircraft) are set to become the largest weapons system in the USAF, experience and proficiency are at an all-time low; the Reaper train-ing unit is manned at 40% of authoriza-tion, and any UAV pilot “with 2 years experience and a pulse” becomes an instructor. In this environment, there
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is no such thing as measured testing – every new piece of capability goes straight to theatre. The Reaper arrived in March 2007 and was in combat by September. The development of the air-craft has far outstripped the provision of simulators; the Predator has a full-scale simulator, but it is not network capable; the Reaper has no simulator at all.
As regards initiatives to get more from less, some sort of award has to go to ‘Multi-Aircraft Control’ whereby 4 UAVs are controlled by one pilot, with help from 4 sensor operators, the whole ensemble accommodated in a converted NASCAR trailer. This lucky individual has 4 keyboards, 4 mice and 10 dis-plays to keep him occupied, and make a one-armed paper-hanger look under-employed. His tactical situation dis-play is auto-scaled, so that if one of his CAPs is over Nevada and another over Afghanistan, it looks like an atlas.
In sum, this was an entertaining and informative conference. I will leave the last word to the Conference Chairman, Squadron Leader Keven Gambold:
“This was the first IQPC UAV Train-ing and Simulator Conference, and showed considerable promise for the future. To get many nations in the same room, highlighting the same problems and mulling over the various solutions is the raison d’être of these gatherings. Ironically, these unmanned meetings need the men (and women) to meet in person to push the field along”. ms&t
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Us Military M&s Market stableThe U.s. military training and simula-
tion market is showing stable growth,
according to a Frost & sullivan report. The
new Us Military Training and simulation
Market report says the Department of
Defense (DoD) spent $22.2 billion on train-
ing and simulation products and services
in 2009, and estimates this to reach $24.1
billion by 2015, as it works to keep up
with advancements in technology.
Army TrainingEADS Spanish ComFut System – The
spanish Future soldier system ComFut
(Combatiente del Futuro) is nearing the
finishing line. in March, EaDs Defence
& security (Ds) in spain delivered 36
equipment sets to the spanish army as
specified in the Design and Development
(D+D) contract signed with the Ministry
of Defence. These sets have been used
to train the first 25 soldiers from the
academia de infanteria (infantry acad-
emy) on the ComFut system. The soldiers
carried out users tests in flat and moun-
tainous terrain and the system evaluation
trials will continue in Toledo until its final
validation at the end of June.
LM launches Prepar3D Training Solution – lockheed Martin launched its
next-generation Prepar3D software inter-
face that provides soldiers with realistic
war game simulations. The simulation
technology is based on the open standard
Distributed interactive simulation and
stems from lockheed’s 2009 agreement
with Microsoft to develop the company's
EsP flight training technology.
The Distributed interactive simula-
tion is used by military forces for con-
ducting real-time war games across mul-
tiple computers for air and ground vehicle
platform-level applications, according to
lockheed Martin, which developed Prep-
ar3D to provide soldiers a robust training
solution in a simulated environment.
Alion Army Radar and Combat Iden-tification – alion science and Technol-
ogy won a $3 million contract from the
U.s. army to provide spectrum manage-
ment and electromagnetic compatibility
(EMC) analysis that will allow the army to
test and provide training for the new radar
systems it is developing. The ground-
based and airborne radar and combat
identification (iD) systems are being
designed to give warfighters the best tar-
get tracking, aircraft surveillance, perim-
eter protection and superior technologies
to identify friendly forces from foes.
Organic Motion STAGETM Military Tracking System – Organic Motion sold
lockheed Martin its sTaGETM Military
Tracking system (MTs), which eliminates
the use of attached tracking devices. The
computer vision system will be installed
at lockheed Martin simulation, Training
and support's Orlando, Fla., office, where
lockheed is developing multi-platform
simulation and training solutions. Having
it there will allow lockheed to leverage
sTaGE MTs for future applications of
multi-person tracking and virtual reality
training programs.
Air Force TrainingInterSense, Link - US Air Force F-16 Mission Training – intersense will inte-
grate its is-900 precision motion tracking
system into link’s simusphere HD dis-
play to for a solution designed to support
the air Force to increase pilot readiness
and reduce costs. link will supply up to
20 F-16 MTCs at air Force bases in the
U.s., Europe, and Pacific regions.
Each MTC will have four training
devices with intersense’s is-900 inertial/
ultrasonic tracking technology that
produces precise, low-latency motion
tracking of a pilot’s movements in real
time and is critical for a more realistic
training environment. it provides head
tracking over an immersive, 360º field of
view when integrated into solutions such
as link’s simusphere® HD, advanced Hel-
met Mounted Display (aHMD), or other
fixed or rotary wing training platforms.
Edited by Chuck Weirauch.
For daily breaking s&T news - go to www.halldale.com.
seen&Heard
above
EaDs Defence & security has delivered 36
ComFut systems to the spanish army.
image credit: EaDs
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The overall solution will allow F-16 pilots
to detect, identify and engage targets
from the same apparent distance as
when flying a real mission – creating an
optimum environment for advanced pilot
training, tactics validation and mission
rehearsal.
Ied TrainingMetal Storm IED Training – Metal
storm delivered the first of 45 improvised
Explosive Device (iED) Training Kits to
the Us Marine Corps air Ground Combat
Center in Palms, California. Metal storm
is manufacturing the kits to be delivered
to U.s. Marines Explosive Ordnance
Disposal (EOD) teams around the world.
The iED Training Kits include equipment
and materials that replicate iEDs found in
combat. With the kits, EOD personnel can
construct their own iED devices using
the same or similar components that are
found in iED's used by the enemy – mak-
ing training as realistic as possible.
naval Training Boeing, L3 Deliver Super Hornet Trainers to US Navy – Boeing and l-3
link simulation & Training announced
that they have delivered two F/a-18E/F
super Hornet Tactical Operation Flight
Trainers (TOFT) to the U.s. navy at naval
air station (nas) Oceana, Va., and have
declared them "Ready for Training." The
devices offer aircrews the same Opera-
tional Flight Program used in the Boeing-
built super Hornet aircraft.
SAIC - US Naval Surface Warfare Center Award – science applications
international Corporation (saiC) won
an $80 million follow-on seaport-e task
order from the U.s. naval surface Warfare
Center (nsWC) Dahlgren Division to
provide systems engineering and training
analysis services to the Center for surface
Combat systems (CsCs) in Dahlgren, Va.,
and at other CsCs Elements and Detach-
ments. CsCs prepares and qualifies
sailors to correctly maintain, operate and
employ surface ship weapon and combat
systems during sustained combat opera-
tions at sea. saiC will provide systems
engineering and training services to CsCs
and the aegis Training and Readiness
Center including manpower and person-
nel; infrastructure; training management;
and technical and international programs.
New DCNS Royal Malaysian Navy Scorpene Sub Simulation Contract
– DCns has signed a contract with the
MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010 33
The CaDsi (Canadian association of
Defence and security industries) spon-
sored CansEC 2010 was held 2-3 June
in Ottawa’s lansdowne Park. some 250
exhibitors demonstrated their capabili-
ties and their wares in three indoor halls
and in a large outdoor display space.
CansEC provides a venue for mili-
tary, security, first responders, and gov-
ernment officials to learn about existing
industry capabilities and new technolo-
gies - in a sense, to learn the art of the
possible - across the broad range of mili-
tary technologies. likewise it provides an
opportunity for industry to speak directly
with their customers. the vast majority
of exhibitors displayed and demonstrated
current capabilities and accomplish-
ments, but with a sharp focus on future
procurements in all domains, such as
shipbuilding. in a significant announce-
ment, the Canadian Defence Minister,
Peter MacKay, laid out the government’s
plan for for a restructured naval and coast
guard shipbuilding programme - focussed
on two ‘national’ shipyards and $35 bil-
lion over the next 30 years. The Chief of
Defence staff, General Walter natynczyk,
earlier in the day noted wryly that it has
been 14 years since the last major war-
ship had been launched in Canada, and
that Canada would soon own the oldest
frontline warship in the western world -
38 years old, adding “We need to cut steel
on new ships!”
Even amongst the general broad
thrust of the show, simulation and train-
ing companies were well represented.
some companies with significant simula-
tion and training capabilities, like Thales
and Elbit downplayed these capabilities
preferring to focus on the bigger picture.
looking for a training focus, Ms&T noted
the presence of CaE, Presagis, atlan-
tis systems, Christie, Meggitt, nGRain,
and Rockwell Collins. all were showcas-
ing their capabilities with respect to the
present as well as the future. Ms&T also
noted two emerging Canadian compa-
nies - C4i of Calgary, alberta, and Mil-
siM-FX of Tillsonburg, Ontario.
C4i Consultants showcased their two
simulation products - EDMsiM, an emer-
gency and disaster management simu-
lation, and MilsiM, a “flexible, portable,
constructive simulation.” Both products
are said to be characterised by ease of set
up and ease of use.
Mil-siM-FX specialises in a line of
non pyrotechnic, reusable, iED detection/
reaction training simulators that create
an effective audio and visual report - with
compressed CO2 and talcum powder. The
devices can be integrated with MOUT,
convoy and live fire training systems.
and finally a non technical initia-
tive where success depends on how the
technology is being used. FTCE, (Flight
Test Centre of Excellence), Ottawa, is
achieving a significant measure of suc-
cess in flight test training using a prob-
lem or scenario based learning approach
that leverages simulation (both ground
and flight based) to provide the problem
space. They noted significant gains in
both training effectiveness and efficiency
over traditional lecture heavy formats.
Tim Page, President of CaDsi, notes
that the over 9000 registrants, from 75
government departments, was the larg-
est number ever. Page observed the
show is growing in size, scope and depth.
“The show provided a clear demonstra-
tion of the capability available to defence
and security customers in the Canadian
industrial base” – Jeff loube
CAnseC 2010
Royal Malaysian navy (RMn) for the
supply of a scorpene submarine simulator
and services allowing extensive train-
ing around navigation safety, combat
system, including sensors, and periscope
operations for scorpene submarines. This
contract, worth around Malaysian Ring-
git 128 million (about 27 million Euros),
underlines the continuous collaboration
of the Royal Malaysian navy with DCns
on the scorpene submarines program.
TCG - US Navy Training Squadron Contract – Tactical Communications
Group (TCG) won a contract with the
U.s. navy to provide realistic link 16
training for operators at the Whidbey
island, Washington naval air station – the
home of all navy tactical electronic attack
squadrons flying the Ea-6B Prowler and
Ea-18G Growler.
The navy's West Coast Ea-6B /
Ea-18G training squadron awarded this
contract to TCG to train pilots and ground
operational personnel on tactical data
link tactics, techniques, and procedures,
so pilots and operators can "train as they
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fight" using TCG's Ground Tactical Data
link system (GTs).
Digimation Virtual Training for Navy Platforms – Digimation delivered
two virtual training projects for Global
Technical systems (GTs) and RiverHawk
Fast sea Frames. Digimation developed
a realistic interactive trainer for GTs’
advanced COTs Enclosure rack system
for navy platforms that mitigates the
effects of combat and environmental
shock events on the mission-critical com-
puter equipment housed inside.
ship simulationKongsberg Maritime has delivered a
Polaris ship's bridge simulator to the
Royal norwegian naval academy in
Bergen, norway. The specially developed
1:1 simulator features a 240 degree visual
system offering highly realistic scenarios
for officer training. it is designed as an
exact replica of the bridge aboard the
skjold class MTB (Missile Torpedo Boats),
which are regarded as one of the fastest
warships in the world with speeds of
more than 60 knots/h (110 km/h).
Training Aircraft and simsChina Delivers Training Aircraft to Egypt – China has delivered a local-
manufactured K-8E advanced training
aircraft to the Egyptian air Force (EaF)
in a ceremony celebrating the sino-
Egyptian co-production program. it is
the 120th and the last aircraft that the
Egyptian side receives from the Chinese
aviation Technology import-Export Coop-
eration (CaTiC) within the co-production
program.
Atlantis advanced Grob-120 FTD –
atlantis systems Corp. has announced
that it has signed a new contract with
allied Wings for the design and develop-
ment of an advanced level 5 Grob-120
FTD. also included in the agreement are
upgrades to existing courseware and
flight training equipment to enhance the
Canada Wings aviation Training Centre in
southport, Manitoba.
Pilot TrainingBoeing and RAAF Graduate First Locally-trained C-17 Pilots – aus-
tralia’s first in-country C-17 pilot training
program led by Boeing Defence australia
graduated its first two RaaF C-17 Globe-
master iii pilots. David Whyte and Pilot
Officer stephen Maunder received more
than 350 hours of Pilot initial Qualification
Exhibition
Meet and do business with key rotarypersonnelLearn about new and innovative product solutionsWatch live Aerial FirefightingdemonstrationsView a variety of helicopters in the onsite static displayFly directly into the Helitech site at Airport Cascais free of charge
To Registerwww.helitechevents.com/regpt
4
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1 0 0 % H e l i c o p t e r s | E x h i b i t i o n | C o n f e r e n c e | S t a t i c D i s p l a y
Unitingthe Helicopter
Community
Conference
Organised by:
www.helitechevents.com
Aerial Firefighting contracts tendering and negotiationsMilitary technology finding its place in the civil arenaReducing rotary environmental impact - A greener futureHow do you get young pilots the neededexperienceConference facility located in the exhibition hall.
To Registerwww.helitechevents.com/conferencept
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MS&T_VISPROM_206*277_Layout 1 08/06/2010 15:21 Page 1
(PiQ) programmed training from Boe-
ing instructors at RaaF Base amberley,
including 120 simulated flight hours in
the C-17 Globemaster iii aircrew Training
system (aTs).
The Boeing-developed C-17 aTs
consists of a loadmaster station, learn-
ing Center, various support systems and a
Weapons systems Trainer (WsT), which is
a realistic, full-motion simulator used for
pilot training.
Helicopter TrainingNew CAE Contracts – CaE announced
several contract awards for helicopter
training, including a contract to perform
a major upgrade to the Puma helicopter
training program at CaE's Medium sup-
port Helicopter aircrew Training Facility
(MsHaTF) in the United Kingdom. The
United Kingdom Ministry of Defence (UK
MoD) has also awarded CaE a contract
to perform a major upgrade on the Puma
helicopter simulator located at CaE's
MsHaTF at Royal air Force (RaF) Base
Benson. The UK MoD is upgrading 28
helicopters as part of the Puma life exten-
sion program.
Germany's procurement office
BWB (Bundesamt fur Wehrtechnik und
Beschaffung) has awarded CaE Germany
a contract to continue providing a range
of maintenance and training support
services at the Hans E. Drebing simula-
tor centre of the Germany army aviation
school in Bueckeburg. The new contract
covers the on-site maintenance for the
next six years of the 12 CaE-built heli-
copter simulators operated at the German
army aviation school.
Helicopter Training Centre Opens in Czech Republic – a new centre
was opened in april 2010 at the Ostrava
international airport, Czech Republic.
The facility in run by HTP Ostrava CZ,
which is a joint venture of lBs Trading,
THT Ostrava CZ and VR Group. at the
heart of the training facility is a modern
FTD (flight training device) produced by
CsTs Dinamika, the Centre for scientific
and Technical services Dinamika. The
Russian aircraft simulator manufacturer,
who also produced the training CBT, is a
leading provider of simulation technology
for Mi helicopters.
Maintenance Training CAE Canadian CC-130J Maintenance Training Contract – CaE won a C$90
million contract from lockheed Martin for
a CC-130J aircraft maintenance technician
training solution for the Government of
Canada. The contract was awarded under
the CC-130J in-service support (iss)
program for Canada's new fleet of 17 CC-
130J Hercules transport aircraft. This is the
second major CC-130J contract awarded
to CaE, following the contract award
last year directly from the Government
of Canada for a CC-130J aircrew training
solution under the Operational Training
systems Provider (OTsP) program.
HiQ Swedish Defence Order for Gripen Fighter Sim Maintenance –
HiQ has received a new sEK 14 million
order from the swedish Defence Materiel
administration (FMV) to maintain Jas
39a Gripen jet fighter flight simulators.
The simulators, which are used to train
both swedish and foreign pilots to fly the
Jas 39 Gripen, are being developed in
parallel with the aircraft.
Thales UK Royal Navy Maintainer Training – Thales UK has been awarded
the second phase of a contract for the
provision of interactive 3D media to
be used for training maintainers of the
long-range radar on the Royal navy new
Daring-class (Type 45) destroyers. This
second phase, under contract with BaE
insyte, is to provide sCORM conformant,
web-enabled, training media for Type 45
maintainer trainers.
Command & Control Training Elbit Systems Launches Next-Generation Joint Command and Staff Trainer – Elbit systems launched
its next-Generation Joint Command and
staff Trainer (CsT) at Eurosatory 2010.
The CsT is designed to enhance the
operational readiness of commanders and
staff personnel up to the division level, as
well as joint operations of ground, air and
maritime forces.
Ternion Wins $1.2 Million C2WSPTT Contract from US Air Force – Ternion
Corporation won a $1.2 million contract
from the Us air Force 505th Communi-
cations squadron (505 Cs) to continue
development on the Command and
Control Weapon system Part Task Trainer
(C2WsPTT), which is based on Ternion's
FlaMEs simulation Framework. Ternion
worked with the 505th Communica-
tions squadron (505 Cs) under the 505th
Command and Control Wing (505 CCW)
to develop the Command and Con-
trol Weapon system Part Task Trainer
(C2WsPTT).
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Exhibition
Meet and do business with key rotarypersonnelLearn about new and innovative product solutionsWatch live Aerial FirefightingdemonstrationsView a variety of helicopters in the onsite static displayFly directly into the Helitech site at Airport Cascais free of charge
To Registerwww.helitechevents.com/regpt
4
4
4
4
4
1 0 0 % H e l i c o p t e r s | E x h i b i t i o n | C o n f e r e n c e | S t a t i c D i s p l a y
Unitingthe Helicopter
Community
Conference
Organised by:
www.helitechevents.com
Aerial Firefighting contracts tendering and negotiationsMilitary technology finding its place in the civil arenaReducing rotary environmental impact - A greener futureHow do you get young pilots the neededexperienceConference facility located in the exhibition hall.
To Registerwww.helitechevents.com/conferencept
4
4
4
4
4
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36 MS&T MAGAZINE • ISSUE 3/2010
Missile systems TrainingThales Selects XPI's Tempest for ADAPT – XPi simulation has been
awarded a contract by Thales UK to supply
Tempest simulation software for the use
in the MoD/Thales aDaPT programme.
Thales was awarded the contract from
the MoD earlier this year for the air
Defence availability Project (aDaPT),
which includes through-life support of its
advanced starstreak missile system and
capability insertion for the next 10 years.
its choice of Tempest for the real time
generation of 3D imagery is not surprising
considering its long experience with the
software and the number of other projects
based on the Tempest aPi application
programmers interface.
Boeing Delivers Trainer for US Missile Defense System – The Boeing Company,
working with industry teammates and the
U.s. Missile Defense agency, delivered a
second GMD system Trainer (GsT) for the
Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD)
system at Fort Greely, alaska, that lets
warfighters train in a number of conditions
and operating environments. GMD is the
United states' only defense against long-
range ballistic missile threats.
synthetic Training environmentsBAE Systems Employs Presagis Software – Presagis announced that BaE
systems is using Vega Prime and Creator
software to create and display terrain and
entities to provide a synthetic emula-
tion of an airborne advanced targeting
pod to enhance training for frontline
Royal air Force aircrew and Forward air
Controllers. This is one application of BaE
systems' integrated aircrew Training
(iaT) program, integrating live, virtual and
constructive elements, into increasingly
complex training environments including
electronic warfare and air-to-air combat.
Presagis Terra Vista Support for OneSAF -– Presagis has announced the
availability of Terra Vista 6.1.1 with sup-
port for OnesaF Terrain Format version
8.0 (OTF-8). This new release provides
users with the ability to generate highly
detailed and correlated OTF-compliant
databases for OnesaF Objective system
(OOs) version 4.0 runtime environments.
Presagis Partners with Scalable Network Technologies – Presagis has
announced a partnership and reseller
agreement with scalable network Tech-
nologies (snT). This agreement creates
an out-of-the-box solution for highly
complex simulations requiring wired and
wireless network effects. sTaGE users
will be able to take advantage of snT's
cutting-edge communication models in
simulated scenarios, adding the rigors
and uncertainties of in-field communi-
cations like urban environment effects,
message delays or drops, signal jamming
and sophisticated cyber attacks.
Virtual worlds Daden Wins US Federal Virtual Worlds Challenge – UK Virtual Worlds
solution provider Daden limited has
won first place and second place prize
respectively in two categories of this
year’s inaugural Us Federal Govern-
ment’s Virtual World Challenge (FVWC).
Birmingham-based Daden entered both
its PiVOTE and Datascape systems into
the Challenge. The PiVOTE system was
announced winner in the skills building
category and Daden’s Datascape was
runner up in the collaboration category.
Mobile device TrainingBritish Army Developing iPad Appli-cation – The British army is one of the
first organizations in the UK to develop
an application for the new apple iPad.
Currently in the testing stage, the Fire
Control Orders application will be used by
soldiers at the Royal school of artillery in
larkhill, Wiltshire, replacing more conven-
tional training methods. Using interactive
individual and multi-user exercises, the
iPad application aims to provide a more
engaging - and therefore more effective -
training exercise.
Training range supportBoeing Team - US Air Force Test and Training System Proposal – a team
led by Boeing submitted a proposal to the
U.s. air Force for Phase 2 of the Com-
ITEC 2010 was the selected venue
for the signing of an innovative co-
operation agreement to boost the
effectiveness and resource efficiency of
the training undertaken by the United
states navy, the Royal navy, the Cana-
dian Forces navy and the German navy.
The four navies have agreed to create
a series of formal collaboration agree-
ments to maximize the effectiveness and
resource efficiency of their training and
education activities.
Bohemia interactive and Caspian
learning announced their partner-
ship to bring new military offerings to
market that, the companies expect, will
help solve current training and simula-
tion issues defence customers currently
face. Bohemia interactive brings its
VBs2 – Virtual Battlespace 2; Caspian
learning brings its 3D simulation
authoring software and engine, Think-
ing Worlds.
Other companies showcased new
products and developments at iTEC 2010:
• 3D perception launched its northstar
brand for its automatically aligning simu-
lation display solutions called northstar.
Central to the launch was the introduc-
tion of a new image-processing appliance
called northstar nBox, a next-generation
version of the company’s CompactUTM.
northstar nBox is a plug-and-play, zero
frame latency controller with intelligent
EDiD technology that scales, warps,
blends and color corrects content, outputs
to multiple projectors and seamlessly
displays imagery across all screen shapes.
• VT MÄK announced the launch of VR-
The World server, a new streaming ter-
rain solution. This new solution supports
a "virtual globe" style approach where
simulation and visualization applications
stream terrain directly from a server as
users move about the world. The server
was developed in conjunction with MÄK
partner Pelican Mapping, a company
that specializes in Gis, 3D visualization,
mapping, and location-based services.
MÄK also revealed the release of the
company's latest visualization product,
VR-Vantage XR.
• Raydon showcased its brand-new
MTRs Talon Robot virtual simulator and
Foster-Miller's Talon Robot at iTEC 2010
in london. Making its premiere this year
at iTEC as part of Raydon's Route Clear-
ance Training system, the manned Talon
robot virtual simulator will simulate the
durable, lightweight, tracked Talon robot
vehicle. This vehicle is used by combat
engineers when investigating a suspi-
cious object to determine if it is an iED.
...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC
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mon Range integrated instrumentation
system (CRiis) program to help improve
the accuracy and realism of joint-service
test and training activities. CRiis is
designed to integrate with ground soldier,
low-dynamic ground and air vehicles,
watercraft, and highly dynamic and
maneuverable aircraft.
Corporate newsAlion DoD SNIM Technology Sup-port Contract – Under the software,
networks, information, Modeling and
simulation (sniM) Contract, alion will
focus on the DoD achieving better control
over and insight to data that supports
national security objectives. alion's team
will provide expertise and technical
assistance for software analysis, informa-
tion assurance, knowledge management,
and modeling and simulation.
sniM consolidates the customer-
funded efforts of three of the DoD's infor-
mation analysis Centers (iaCs) that work
under the Defense Technical information
Center (DTiC) and act as clearinghouses
for expertise and assistance with techni-
cal challenges. The contract combines
Technical area Tasks (TaTs) previously
performed under the Data and analysis
Center for software (DaCs), information
assurance Technology analysis Center
(iaTaC) and Modeling and simulation
information analysis Center (MsiaC).
Antycip Partnerships – antycip simu-
lation ltd. has announced a partnership
with Organic Motion, a leading compu-
ter vision company. antycip is now the
exclusive European provider of Organic
Motion's sTaGE™ military tracking
systems (MTs), a breakthrough technol-
ogy for a wide range of military simulated
training programmes.
antycip will be working with
autodesk as a channel partner for the
management of autodesk training and
simulation activities. antycip simula-
tion will provide support for training and
simulation customers in Europe using
autodesk’s Kynapse middleware, its arti-
ficial intelligence (ai) product. autodesk
Kynapse is a widely used ai middleware
that can be used to help create highly
realistic military, security, industrial, and
urban planning simulations.
Cubic – Cubic Corporation is collaborat-
ing with RhinoCorps to develop a deploy-
able and expandable immersive training
system to improve the performance of
security teams and planners. The "core"
system will be designed to deliver train-
ing in the computer-based constructive
training domain and can be expanded to
include virtual and live training domains.
Cubic's innovation and Technology
Center, based in Orlando's Research Park
complex, is leading the development effort.
a defense division of Cubic Corpora-
tion developed a new weapon simulator
called the M134D Virtual Trainer that
replicates the characteristics of a Gatling-
style gun, firing up to 3,000 rounds a
minute – and Cubic already has $5 million
in contracts to supply it and other train-
ing equipment to multiple locations in the
United states. he simulator is modeled
after the M134D Minigun, a six-barrel
electric-powered machine gun that fires
7.62mm rifle rounds.
a team of three Cubic employees
working at Marine Corps Base Camp
lejeune in north Carolina won first place
in the first GameTech2010 "innovations in
DoD Gaming award." luke Devore, a lead
analyst; Pat Maloney, a scenario devel-
oper; and Brian libretto, a simulation
analyst work in the Deployable Virtual
Training Environment (DVTE) section of
the ii Marine Expeditionary Force Battle
simulation Center at Camp lejeune.
in a move to bolster its strategic pres-
ence in the defense, maritime and home-
land security sectors, Cubic Corporation
acquired the assets of impeva labs, inc.,
an international provider of global asset
management, tracking, monitoring and
security solutions. Cubic acquired impe-
va's contracts, inventory, fixed assets and
intellectual property and formed a new
subsidiary called Cubic Global Tracking
solutions, inc., that will build on impeva's
current military and civilian contracts to
globally grow the business.
Cubic's simulation systems Divi-
sion marked the first sale of its new
rapid application development in support
of advanced C4isR training, responsive
mission preparation, real-time and fast-
time simulation, and computer-assisted
exercises. luciad also introduced lucia-
dEarth Enterprise, its new data fusion
platform to manage, fuse, and serve
massive data streams into one combined
operational picture across multiple
applications.
• XPI Simulation demonstrated its
capability in real time ray-tracing graph-
ics, which provides simulation users the
ultimate image quality, and enhances
interoperability by using a single dataset
for displaying optical, thermal and nVG
images in different domains. also on
display was its simulator, which uses
one of the most advanced artificial
intelligence systems to reproduce local
driving culture.
• The Fighter Collection demonstrated
"The Battle simulator", which creates
a synthetic environment of elements of
modern air, land and sea warfare. This
solution is a development of The Fighter
Collection simulation Engine (TFCsE)
which is currently integrated into "seri-
ous game" air combat simulations and
military applications such as the a-10C
desk top simulator (DTs) for the Us air
national Guard and aC-130U iR sen-
sor operator training. The company also
demonstrated the desk top simulator of
the a-10C, the Ka-50 helicopter, the JTaC
workstation and the artillery commander
workstation, all linked over a lan dem-
onstrating typical joint fires exercises.
also at the exhibit, sDs international
showed its MQ-9 Reaper mission training
device (MTD) simulator currently in use
by the Us air national Guard.
• LINE launched its new i-Pad multi-
user interaction program and showed a
range of content examples for the i-Pad;
UMPC Tablet; i-Phone and i-Touch and
covered subjects like Bowman, Electronic
Performance support system (EPss) /
Technical Publications; Fire Control
Orders (FCO), Royal school of artillery
multi-user interaction programme; slDT
(P) vehicle maintenance (EPss) and cul-
tural awareness.
• Luciad presented a number of
software solutions for dependable
situational awareness with its latest
advances in high performance visualiza-
tion and graphical analysis solutions for
mission-critical defense and security
applications. On display was luciadMap,
the company's flagship software suite
designed to build highly accurate situ-
ational awareness applications and for
...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC news...ITeC
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© Science Applications International Corporation. All rights reserved. OLIVE is a trademark of Science Applications International Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries.
NYSE: SAI
Energy | Environment | National Security | Health | Critical Infrastructure
Enhance Collaboration in a Virtual 3-D World
SAIC’s On-Line Interactive Virtual Environment (OLIVE™) is a dynamic software platform that enables users to collaborate over computer networks using a 3-D user interface.
OLIVE-based virtual worlds bring together physical presence, action, voice, data, and media in a context-specific, simulated environment.
Today, OLIVE supports virtual world implementations in healthcare, financial services, energy, transportation, retail, government, and higher education.
To learn more, visit us at saic.com/olive
Calendar
14-15 September 2010APATS 2010 - Asia PacificAirline Training SymposiumShangri-La HotelKuala Lumpur, Malaysiawww.halldale.com/APATS
9-10 November 2010EATS 2010 - European Airline Training SymposiumWOW HotelIstanbul, Turkeywww.halldale.com/EATS
19-21 April 2011WATS 2011 - World Aviation Training Conference & TradeshowRosen Shingle Creek ResortOrlando, Florida, USAwww.halldale.com/WATS
19–25 July 2010 Farnborough International Airshow Farnborough, Hampshire, UKwww.farnborough.com
22–23 September 2010 Annual International Flight Crew Training Conference London, UKwww.raes.org.uk
5-7 October 2010 Helitech 2010 Estoril, Portugalwww.helitechevents.com
12 October 2010Low-Cost and Systematic Approaches to TrainingLondon, [email protected]
AdvErTISINg contacts
Business Manager:Jeremy Humphreys[t] +44 (0)1252 532009[e] [email protected]
Business Manager, North America:Mary Bellini Brown[t] +1 703 421 3709[e] [email protected]
Index of Ads
BAE Systemswww.baesystems.com 6CAEwww.cae.com/healthcare OBCEnvironmental Techtonics Corporation
www.etcAircrewTraining.com IFCHapticawww.haptica.com 13Helitechwww.helitechevents.com 35IAIwww.mlm-iai.com 15I/ITSEC 2010 www.iitsec.org 27IQPCwww.jointsimulationandtraining.com 22L-3 Link Simulation & Trainingwww.L-3com.com 23Metavrwww.metavr.com 21raydonwww.raydon.com 4rgB Spectrumwww.rgb.com 11 & 25rUAg Electronics www.ruag.com 17SAABwww.saabgroup.com 3SAICwww.saic.com/olive IBC
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38 Ms&t MaGaZInE • IssUE 3/2010
COMBATREDI system that immerses
users in a highly realistic 360-degree
"virtual reality" environment with a $4.8
million contract with the Florida Army
national Guard. Cubic will supply 27
of its COMBATREDI systems and four
180-degree Warrior Skills Trainers (WST),
a vehicle trainer that works with COM-
BATREDI.
L-3 Link – Four F/A-18C Tactical
Operational Flight Trainers (TOFTs) L-3
Link Simulation & Training provided for
Switzerland’s F/A-18 Flight Simulator
Upgrade program have achieved ready-
for-training status one month ahead
of schedule. The TOFTs, installed and
networked at Payerne Air Force Base in
Switzerland, were fielded with the Swiss
F/A-18C’s latest operational flight pro-
gram upgrade to stay concurrent with the
Hornet platform.
L-3 Link Simulation & Training and
the U.S. Air Force were given the Gov-
ernor’s Award by the national Training
and Simulation Association (nTSA) for
their joint efforts on the U.S. Air Force’s
Predator Mission Aircrew Training System
(PMATS) program. The Governor’s Award
recognizes an organization, program,
project or individual for outstanding
achievement in the field of modeling,
simulation and training. The high-fidelity
training provided by PMATS units allows
the U.S. Air Force Predator and Reaper
crews to conduct networked training
exercises and practice procedures to
counter potentially catastrophic emer-
gencies.
NgrAIN introduced two new prod-
ucts to help move training and sup-
port out of the classroom and into the
field. nGRAIn® Virtual Task RefresherTM
(VTRTM) and nGRAIn® Virtual IndexTM
(VITM) products are designed to save time
and increase knowledge on the job and
are targeted to organizations that need
to quickly access information in any
environment. The Virtual Task Refresher
delivers program and procedural updates
and support for modified equipment or
tasks that are infrequently performed.
nGRAIn also introduced a new version
of its 3D simulation production software,
nGRAIn® Producer 4.1, that is designed
for non-programmers with no 3D graphics
experience.
Personnel newsChange of Command for NAWCTSd
– Capt. Bill "Roto" Reuter replaced Capt.
Harry Robinson as commanding officer
of the naval Air Warfare Center Train-
ing Systems Division and naval Sup-
port Activity Orlando during a change
of command ceremony on June 18.
The ceremony will be held at 10 a.m. in
Warfighter Park, adjacent to the de Florez
Building at nSA Orlando.
Retired navy Vice Admiral Al Harms,
Vice President for Strategic Planning and
Initiatives at the University of Central
Florida is scheduled to be the keynote
speaker at the ceremony. The navy and
UCF enjoy a long-standing partnership in
modeling and simulation research. Robin-
son will retire from the navy following 28
years of honorable service.
Antycip Simulation Appoints Chief Scientist – Antycip Simulation has
announced that Jean-Louis Igarza has
joined the company in the position of
Chief Scientist. With his experience,
Jean-Louis will provide Antycip with
invaluable technical advice and support
to strengthen its customer service in the
application of technologies used in vari-
ous programmes. ms&t
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© Science Applications International Corporation. All rights reserved. OLIVE is a trademark of Science Applications International Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries.
NYSE: SAI
Energy | Environment | National Security | Health | Critical Infrastructure
Enhance Collaboration in a Virtual 3-D World
SAIC’s On-Line Interactive Virtual Environment (OLIVE™) is a dynamic software platform that enables users to collaborate over computer networks using a 3-D user interface.
OLIVE-based virtual worlds bring together physical presence, action, voice, data, and media in a context-specific, simulated environment.
Today, OLIVE supports virtual world implementations in healthcare, financial services, energy, transportation, retail, government, and higher education.
To learn more, visit us at saic.com/olive
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CAE Healthcare, working with you to:Provide operational peace of mind
Building from a global experience we offer consulting, centre design, operations and managerial services for your military medical simulation centre.
Help you transition to simulation-based learning
Whether customized or from our courseware library, our curriculum is designed to be easily adapted to the pace, learning speed and agenda of military medical professionals.
Target performance improvement
Improving military clinical outcomes by identifying practice gaps in your medic training program, designing and developing educational interventions, establishing measurable objectives and deploying simulation-based solutions for medics in the field.
Enhance mission success
Implementing cost-efficient, simulation-based learning solutions that help prepare combat medics for mission success.
cae.com/healthcare
CAE Healthcare: Bringing best practices to life
Simulation centre management solutions * Imaging simulation solutions* Surgical simulation solutions* Transport medicine curriculum and training