MSL 302 Lesson 5 Rev. 2 Dec 2005 Call for Fire. MSL 302 Lesson 5 Rev. 2 Dec 2005 Outline/Agenda...
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Transcript of MSL 302 Lesson 5 Rev. 2 Dec 2005 Call for Fire. MSL 302 Lesson 5 Rev. 2 Dec 2005 Outline/Agenda...
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Outline/AgendaElements of the Call for FireTransmitting the Call for Fire
“Calling it in!”Examples
Adjustments and Message to Observer
OT Factor and Range SpottingAdjusting the RoundsEnd of Mission (EOM)
Summary Questions
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Call for Fire Definition
A call for fire is a message prepared by an observer. It has all the information
needed to deliver indirect fires on the target.Any soldier in the platoon can request
indirect fire support by use of thecall for fire
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION2. WARNING ORDER3. TARGET LOCATION4. TARGET DESCRIPTION5. METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT6. METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL
Elements of The Call for Fire
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
The Three Transmissions
1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION WARNING ORDER2. TARGET LOCATION3. DESCRIPTION OF TARGET, METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT, AND METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL
SLIDE 3
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Observer ID/Warning Order
Adjust Fire Fire for Effect Suppression
Immediate Suppression Immediate Smoke
FDC (Fire Support) this is C36 (You)
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Target Location Grid
Grid (Ex: EH 910736) Direction (Ex: 180 deg or 3200 mils)
1. mils are more accurate than degrees2. Use OT factor for adjustments
Polar Plot Observer’s Location, Direction (OT) and Range, and Up/Down (Elevation)
Shift from a Known Point Direction, Right/Left, Add/Drop, Up/Down (Elevation)
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Target Description / Snap
1. What the target is ( troops, equipment, trucks).
2. What the target is doing (digging in).
3. The number of elements in the target (squad, platoon, three trucks).
4. Degree of protection (in open, in foxhole).
5. The target size and shape if significant.
SLIDE 7
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Method of Engagement Type Of Adjustments, Danger Close, Trajectory, Ammo, And Distribution
If The Target Is Within 600 Meters Of Your Location Or The Location Of Friendly Troops, You Will Include Danger Close In Your Call For Fire
Example:
Tank In The Open, Danger Close, Over
600 METERS
SLIDE 9
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Method Of Fire And Control
At My Command Cannot Observe Time On Target Continuous Illumination Coordinated Illumination
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Situation 1You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812Direction to the tanks is 155 degrees at a distance of 2000 meters. Your call sign is H99 and FDCis B39. Formulate your call for fire.
B39 THIS IS H99, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.
GRID AJ560812, OVER.
DIRECTION 155 DEGREES.
2 TANKS IN TREE LINE,OVER.
SLIDE 12
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Situation 2You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving onyour position at grid AK307998. They are Northwest from your OP at about 500 meters.You are N24 and FDC is R81. Formulate your call for fire.
R81 This Is N24, Adjust Fire, Over.
Grid AK307998, Direction NW, Over.
Infantry Squad In The Open,
Danger Close, Over.
SLIDE 13
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Situation 3
You see a company assembly area in a valley.The distance to the target 3000 meters at a directionof 1730 mils. Your call sign G81 and FDC is P66.
Formulate your call for fire.
P66 This Is G81, Adjust Fire, Over.
Dir 1730, Dis 3000, Over.
Company Assembly Area In The Open, Over.
SLIDE 14
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Message To ObserverAfter FDC receives the callfor fire, it determines howthe target will be attacked.The decision is announcedto the observer in the form of a message toobserver or MTO.The MTO consists of 4 items:1. Units to fire
2. Changes to the call for fire3. Number of rounds4. Target number
SLIDE 15
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Adjusting PhaseKEY ELEMENTS
1. The observer-target (OT) Factor 2. Spotting3. Corrections
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
OT Factor
The OT factor is based on the distance fromyou to the target and is used to compute thecorrection that you are going to send to FDC.
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Computing the OT Factor
Distance to target: 4200 metersDistance expressed to the nearest thousand: 4000Divide by 1000=OT factor of 4
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Deviation Spotting IWe can tell if the round is over or short of the targetbut we must be able to correct left and right tobring the round on the target. This can be done twoways. First by using the Reticle Pattern on the Binos.
This example showsthat the round has impacted 50 milsto the left of the target
Do not send any correctionsof 30 meters or less!!!
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Adjusting the Round
The distance to the target is 4000 meters.
OT factor is 4
Round impacted 50 mils left of the target
The correction is right 200
50(mils) x 4(OT)= 200
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Range Corrections I
OT Line
First we want to bracket the target by having one roundover and one round short. The first round impacted overthe target so the correction would be DROP 400.
You will most likelywant to begin with a 400 meterbracket. This begins a “Successive” bracket technique
1st Correctionadd/drop 4002nd Correctionadd/drop 2003rd Correctionadd/drop 1004th Correctionadd/drop 50Fire For Effect
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Range Corrections II
OT Line
The second round impacted short of the targetso the correction would be ADD 200.
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Practical Exercise 1
The distance to the target 3400 metersThe 1st round impacted 40mils to the right of the
Target and long. What is your correction?
LEFT 120, DROP 400
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Practical Exercise 2
The distance to the target 3400 metersThe 2nd round impacted 10mils to the left of the Target and short. What is your correction?
RIGHT 30, ADD 200
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Practical Exercise 3
The distance to the target 3400 metersThe 3rd round impacted on OT line and long target. What is your correction?
DROP 100
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
FFE Phase
Your 4th round has impacted and your nextcorrection will be add 50 FFE. You will now get 6 to 8 rounds impacting on the target.
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
At the completion of the FFE we must determine whateffects we had on the target and send an End of Mission(EOM) to the FDC. Tell FDC what happened.
Example: Tank burning, end of mission, over.
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Summary
We discussed the following: Elements of the Call for Fire Transmitting the Call for Fire “Calling it in!” Examples Adjustments and Message to Observer OT Factor and Range Spotting Adjusting the Rounds End of Mission (EOM)
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Types of Orders Operations Orders
(OPORD) Garrison OPORD Tactical OPORD
Warning Order (WARNO)
Fragmentary Order (FRAGO)
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Characteristics of Garrison OPORDs Should be a story from start to finish Apply TLP
Discuss implied, specified, and essential missions Detailed timeline
Backwards planning – 1/3 2/3 Develop good priorities of work Task subordinates Supervise Rehearsals and back briefs Reconnaissance/unit movement
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
The Warning Order (WARNO)
Preliminary Notice “Heads up” Facilitates Time Management Provides operational details Outlines key events for mission execution (focus on
mission preparation) Detail dependent on:
The information and time available from the issue of the order to mission execution
The information subordinate commanders need for proper planning and preparation
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Warning Order (WARNO) Time: Provided ASAP after receipt of higher order Format:
No specific format -- Use the five paragraphs of the operations order as a guide
Use unit SOP/checklists (or develop them) Necessary information in a WARNO:
The mission or nature of the operation Who is participating in the mission Time of the operation Tasks that unit must accomplish now (equipment, supplies,
inspections and rehearsals) to prepare Time and place that to issue the operations order
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
WARNO 5 Paragraph Format
1. Situation--Brief description of the enemy and friendly situation
2. Mission--Concise statement of the task and purpose
3. Execution--Brief Statement of the tentative concept of the operation. Time Schedule, earliest time of move, inspection times, time and place of OPORD. Tasks to subordinate key personnel.
4. Service support
5. Command And Signal
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
The Operations Order (OPORD)
Directive issued to subordinate leaders, commanders,
Information to effect execution of an operation
Always specifies execution time and date Focus is on what to do, not how to do it Explains why the mission is important
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Operations Order- A Basic Outline (1 of 2)
Situation Enemy Forces Friendly Forces Attachments and Detachments
Mission Execution
Concept of the Operation Maneuver Fires
Tasks to Maneuver Units Tasks to Combat Support Units Coordinating Instructions
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Operations Order- A Basic Outline (2 of 2)
Service Support General Material and Services
Personnel Miscellaneous
Command and Signal Command Signal
1. Supply2. Transportation3. Services4. Maintenance5. Medical
Evacuations
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Situation Enemy Forces
Not usually used in Garrison OPORD Terrain, Weather and Light Data
Friendly Forces Statement of higher unit mission, intent,
concept of operation Mission and action of units two levels up,
left/right, front/rear. Attachments and Detachments
Units or individuals Effective time period.
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Mission
Clear concise statement of the task and purpose
Contains the following information: Who What When Where Why
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Execution
The “How To” Information needed to accomplish the mission.
Usually in five parts: Concept of operation Maneuver Tasks to Maneuver units Coordinating instructions
Detailed timeline Safety
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Concept of the Operation Commander’s intent with desired end state Covers the entire mission General overview Done in phases
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Maneuver
Is done in phases Goes into excruciating detail of each
phase Should be a large portion of the brief
Tasks to Maneuver Units Task all sub-units and attachments Task subordinates
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Coordinating Instructions Details of coordination between sub units Synchronization of sub units Movement instructions Order of march Detailed time schedule
Written out & visible Highlight “hard” times
Safety Safety concerns from A to Z
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Service Support Materials and Services
Supply – all classes Transportation Services Maintenance MEDEVAC procedures and medical support
Personnel – Sick call procedures
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Command and Signal
Location of key leaders
Chain of command Frequencies Call signs Code words
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
FRAGO
Address only parts of the OPORD that change – must be specific
Uses the same sequence of the OPORD A brief outline of the changes and
instructions
MSL 302 Lesson 5
Rev. 2 Dec 2005
Troop Leading Procedures and OPORDs Receive the mission Issue a warning order WARNO Make a tentative plan Start necessary movement Reconnoiter Complete the plan OPORD Issue the complete order OPORD Brief Supervise FRAGO