Mr. G. Grace Christian Academy of Maryland
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Mr. G. Mr. G. Grace Christian Academy of Grace Christian Academy of Maryland Maryland The Mid- Atlantic and Southern Colonies
description
The Mid-Atlantic and Southern Colonies. Mr. G. Grace Christian Academy of Maryland. New York. Settling the Middle Colonies. Henry Hudson’s Voyages. *An English explorer employed by a Dutch company sailed up the river that now bears his name - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Mr. G. Grace Christian Academy of Maryland
Mr. G.Mr. G.Grace Christian Academy of Grace Christian Academy of
MarylandMaryland
Mr. G.Mr. G.Grace Christian Academy of Grace Christian Academy of
MarylandMaryland
The Mid-Atlantic and
Southern Colonies
New YorkNew York
Settling the Middle Settling the Middle ColoniesColonies
Settling the Middle Settling the Middle ColoniesColonies
Henry Hudson’s Henry Hudson’s VoyagesVoyages
Henry Hudson’s Henry Hudson’s VoyagesVoyages
*An English explorer employed by a Dutch company sailed up the river that now bears his name* He, his son and 8 other loyal crewmen were left abandoned by the rest of his crew
New NetherlandsNew NetherlandsNew NetherlandsNew Netherlands
New Netherlands founded in the Hudson River area (1623-1624)
Not founded for religious reasons-Established by Dutch West India Company for quick-profit fur trade.
Company wouldn’t pay much attention to the colony.
The island of Manhattan [New Amsterdam]
Purchased by Company (Peter Minuit) from Indians for only pennies per (22,000) acre. ($24)
New Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, 16601660
New Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, 16601660
Characteristics of New Amsterdam:
Aristocratic patroonships [feudal estates granted to rich guys who would settle 50 people on them].
Cosmopolitan diverse population with many different languages.
New YorkNew York
Manors &Manors &
Land Land GrantsGrants
PatroonshipsPatroonships
New Netherlands &New Netherlands &New SwedenNew Sweden
New Netherlands &New Netherlands &New SwedenNew Sweden
Swedish SettlementSwedish SettlementSwedish SettlementSwedish SettlementMid-1600s Sweden settled small, under-funded colony [called “New Sweden”] near New Netherland in the lower Delaware River Valley.
Introduced log cabins
1655 Dutch under director-general Peter Stuyvesant attacked New Sweden.
Fort Christina (Wilmington, DE fell after bloodless siege.
New Sweden absorbed by New Netherland.
New Netherlands New Netherlands Becomes a British Royal Becomes a British Royal
ColonyColony
New Netherlands New Netherlands Becomes a British Royal Becomes a British Royal
ColonyColonyCharles II granted New Netherland’s land to his brother, the Duke of York, [before he controlled the area!]
1664 English soldiers arrived.
Dutch had little ammunition and poor defenses.
Stuyvesant forced to surrender without firing a shot-people didn’t want to fight.
Renamed “New York”
England gained strategic harbor between her northern & southern colonies.
England now controlled the Atlantic coast!
Duke of York’s Original Duke of York’s Original CharterCharter
Duke of York’s Original Duke of York’s Original CharterCharter
New Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, 16641664
New Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, 16641664
Dutch Influence in New Dutch Influence in New YorkYork
Dutch Influence in New Dutch Influence in New YorkYorkEarly 20Early 20cc Dutch Revival Dutch Revival
Building in NYC.Building in NYC.
New York New York CityCityseal.seal.
Names Harlem, Brooklyn
Architecture gambrel roof
Customs Easter eggs, Santa Claus, waffles, bowling, sleighing, skating, kolf [golf].
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
The QuakersThe QuakersThe QuakersThe QuakersCalled Quakers because they “quaked” from deep religious emotion
Persecuted in England and in other colonies
Refused to pay taxes to support the Church
of England.
No paid pastor
Keep hats on.
Addressed them as commoners ”thees”/“thous.”
Wouldn’t take oaths.
Pacifists (anti-war).
Wealthy Englishman.
1660 – attracted tothe Quaker faith.after military service.
1681 he received agrant from king toestablish a colony.
This settled a debt the king owed his father.
Named Pennsylvania [“Penn’s Woodland”].
He sent out paid agents and advertised for settlers his pamphlets were pretty honest.
attracted many immigrants.
William PennWilliam PennWilliam PennWilliam Penn
Royal Land Grant to Royal Land Grant to PennPenn
Royal Land Grant to Royal Land Grant to PennPenn
Penn & Native Penn & Native AmericansAmericans
Penn & Native Penn & Native AmericansAmericansBought [didn’t simply take]
land from Indians.
Quakers went among the Indians unarmed.
Founded Philadelphia-”the city of brotherly love”
BUT…….. non-Quaker Europeans flooded PA
Treated native peoples poorly.
Many Germans migrated to PA
Religious freedom for all
Penn’s Treaty with Penn’s Treaty with thetheNative AmericansNative Americans
Penn’s Treaty with Penn’s Treaty with thetheNative AmericansNative Americans
Pennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian Society
Diverse
No restrictions on immigration-anybody could come.
No slavery!!
“Blue Laws” against stage plays, cards, dice, excessive hilarity, etc.
A society that gave its citizens economic opportunity, civil liberty, & religious freedom!!
Philadelphia & Boston Philadelphia & Boston ComparedCompared
Philadelphia & Boston Philadelphia & Boston ComparedCompared
Urban Population Urban Population GrowthGrowth
1650 - 17751650 - 1775
Urban Population Urban Population GrowthGrowth
1650 - 17751650 - 1775
New JerseyNew
Jersey
New Jersey — PA’s New Jersey — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
New Jersey — PA’s New Jersey — PA’s NeighborNeighbor1664 rich
businessmen recvd. the area from the Duke of York.
Many New Englanders [because of worn out rocky soil] moved to NJ.
1674 West NJ sold to Quakers.
East NJ eventually acquired by Quakers.
1702 E & W NJ combined into NJ and created one colony.
DelawareDelaware
Delaware — PA’s Delaware — PA’s Neighbor: The 3 Lower Neighbor: The 3 Lower
CountiesCounties of PA of PA
Delaware — PA’s Delaware — PA’s Neighbor: The 3 Lower Neighbor: The 3 Lower
CountiesCounties of PA of PANamed after Lord De La Warr [harsh military governor of VA in 1610].
Closely associated with Penn’s colony.
1703 granted its own assembly.
Remained under the control of PA until the American Revolution.
Ethnic GroupsEthnic GroupsEthnic GroupsEthnic Groups
The Carolinas
The Carolinas
The West Indies The West Indies Weigh Station to Weigh Station to Mainland AmericaMainland America
The West Indies The West Indies Weigh Station to Weigh Station to Mainland AmericaMainland America1670 a group of small English farmers from the
Barbados arrived in the Carolinas.
Overcrowding, disease and natural disasters in Barbados
Brought a few black slaves and a model of the Barbados slave code with them.
The colony was originally named in honor of King Charles I, as Carolus is Latin for Charles.
They hoped to use Carolina to supply their plantations in Barbados with food and export wine, silk, and olive oil to Europe.
Settling the “Lower Settling the “Lower South”South”
Settling the “Lower Settling the “Lower South”South”
Port of Port of Charles TownCharles Town, , SCSC
Port of Port of Charles TownCharles Town, , SCSC
Also named for King Charles II of England.
Became the busiest port in the South.
City with richy feel.
Religious toleration attracted diverse inhabitants.
Called Charleston today
Rice was still an exotic food in England.
Was grown in Africa, so planters imported West African slaves.
These slaves had a genetic trait that made them immune to malaria.
By 1710 black slaves were a majority in Carolina.
Crops of the Crops of the Carolinas: Carolinas: RiceRice
Crops of the Crops of the Carolinas: Carolinas: RiceRice
American Long American Long Grain RiceGrain Rice
Crops of theCrops of theCarolinas: Carolinas:
IndigoIndigo
Crops of theCrops of theCarolinas: Carolinas:
IndigoIndigoIn colonial times, the main use for indigo was as a dye for spun cotton threads that were woven into cloth for clothes.
Today in the US, the main use for indigo is a dye for cotton work clothes & blue jeans.
Rice & Indigo ExportsRice & Indigo Exportsfrom SC & GA: 1698-from SC & GA: 1698-
17751775
Rice & Indigo ExportsRice & Indigo Exportsfrom SC & GA: 1698-from SC & GA: 1698-
17751775
GeorgiaGeorgia
18c Southern 18c Southern ColoniesColonies
18c Southern 18c Southern ColoniesColonies
Late-Coming Late-Coming GeorgiaGeorgiaLate-Coming Late-Coming GeorgiaGeorgia
Founded in 1733.
Last of the 13 colonies.
Named in honor of King George II.
Founded by James Oglethorpe.
Georgia--The “Buffer” Georgia--The “Buffer” ColonyColony
Georgia--The “Buffer” Georgia--The “Buffer” ColonyColony
Chief Purpose of Creating Georgia:
As a “buffer” between the valuable Carolinas & Spanish Florida & French Louisiana.
Export silk and wine.
A haven for debtors thrown in to prison.
Determined to keep slavery out!
Slavery found in GAby 1750.
The Port City of The Port City of SavannahSavannah
The Port City of The Port City of SavannahSavannah
Diverse community.
All Christians except Catholics enjoyed religious toleration.
Missionaries worked among debtors and Indians most famous was John Wesley.
