MORE OF THE BEST: 15mm-NAPOLEONICS, A.C.W. COLONIALS & ANCIENTS, 25mm PERSIANS, IMPERIAL ROMANS

CARTHAGINIANS, LATE MEDIEVALS, BACTRIAN GREEKS, NUMIDIANS & OrTOMAN TURI(S. (SEND $2 FOR LISTING & SAMPLEI

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BEAUTIFUL STUNNING -15mm NAPOLEONICS 25mm PERSIANS/OTTOMANS

SPANISH All Y ROMAN H.C. SERBIAN DELLIS

THESE WILL GIVE YOU

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15mm Each pack includes 8 infantry, 6 Command, 4 Cavalry or 3 Mounted Command for $2, 19 per pack , VIKINGS Code VA 1 Command Pack:

Mounted General, Mounted Sub-General, Mounted Noble

VA2 Command Pack: Two standard bearerl?, three assorted chieftains, one Ulfhednar (wolfskin one)

VA3 Huscarls (assorted poses)

VA4 Bondi spearmen (assorted)

VA5 VA6 VA7 VAS VA9

Bondi axemen (assorted) Bondi archers firing Bondi archers (assorted) Berserks (assorted) Mounted Huscarles (assorted)

VA10 Mounted Bondi (assorted)

LATER FRANKISH BRETON OR NORMAN NA 1 Command Pack:

Mounted General, Mounted standard bearer, Mounted Noble

Franks NA2 Medium infantry NA3 Heavy infantry NA4 Medium cavalry with

horse NA5 Heavy cavalry with horse Lombards NA6 Heavy cavalry with horse NA7 Medium cavalry with

horse NAB Light archer (assorted) Bretons NA9 Mounted Knight with

horse NA10 Light cavalry with horse Nonnans NA 11 Mounted Knight with

horse NA12 Dismounted Knight NA13 Heavy spearman NA14 Medium spearman NA15 Crossbowman NA 16 Archer (assorted poses) NA 17 Swabian two handed

swordsman NA 18 Command Pack: 3

Officers, 3 standard bearers

INDIAN : MEPt\35

MEPA36

MEPA38

MEPA38

MEPA39

MEPMO

MPA41 MPA42 MPA42a MPA43 MPA44 MPA45 MPA46 MPA47

General & driver mounted on elephant-$3.9,9 General in howdah with umberella holder mounted on elephant with driver-$3.99 Elephant with driver & two archers-$3.49 Elephant with driver & two javelinmen-$3.49 Two horse chariot with dri \'e ' , archer & javelinman-$2 .iI -l Four horse ch arlol with twe; drivers , two archers & two javelinmen-3.99 Medium cavalry Heavy cavalry Extra heavy cavalry Foot archers (Ass. poses) Medium javelinmen Heavy javelin men Maiden guards Light javelinman throwing

MACEDONIAN & PUNIC WARS

MPAl

MPA2

Command pack: Macedonian, Greek or Thracian Mounted General & 2 Sub-Generals Command pack: Macedonian, Greek or Thracian Foot Officers & Trumpeters

THRACIANS: MPA3 Peltast with Rhomphaia &

MPA4 MPA5 MPA6 MPA7

shield Pellast, javelin & shield Javelinmen (Ass. poses) Heavy cavalry Light cavalry

MACEDONIAN, GREEK or THRACIAN: MPA8 Slinger MPA9 Archer firing MPA10 Archer loading

MACEDONIANS: MPAll MPA12

MPA13 MPA14 MPA15 MPA16 MPA17 MPA18 MPA19 MPA20 MPA21 MPA22 MEPA23

MEPA24

Companions heavy cavalry Command pack: Companions Officer/Std. bearer Prodromoi light cavalry Thessalian medium cavalry Thessalian light cavalry Skythian horse archer Hippakontistai light cavalry Phalangites Hypaspists Agranian javelinman Cretian archer Stall slinger Elephant with driver and pikeman-$3.49 Elephant with driver & howdah with two javelinmen-$3.99

HOPLITE GREEK: M-PA25 Hoplites (Ass. helmets) MPA26 Spartan Hoplites Pilos helr:let MPA27 Theban Hoplites Boitian helmet MPA28 Heavy Hoplites MPA29 Peltasts (Ass. poses) MPA30 Javelinmen (Ass. poses) MPA32 Light cavalry MPA33 Getic horse archer MPA34 Bactrian or Sogidan light cav.,

jav & bow

•• CATHAGINIAN MPA72

MPA73

MPA74 MPA75 MPA76

MPA77 MPA78 MPA79 MPA80

MEPABl

Poeni heavy cav. jav. & shield Campanian med . cav. jav. & sh . Spanish med/light cav. Numidian light cav. Poeni citizen spearman med/heavy Medium Libyan spearman Heavy Libyan spearman Libyan javelinman Command pack: Officer/ Std . bearer Libyan or Carthaginian 4 horse chariot with driver & 2 javelin men - $3.99

EARLY AND LATER ACHAEMENID PERSIANS MPA48 General & driver in two horse

MPA49 MPA50 MPA50a

MPA51 MPA51a MPA52 MPA53

MPA54 MPA55 MPA56

MPA57

MPA58 MPA59 MPA60 MPA61

MPA62 MPA63 MPA64 MPA65 MEPA66

light chariot ($2.49) Mounted command Persian H.C. Uav) Persian or Median H.C. with jav & bow Heavy cavalry with javelins Heavy cavalry javelins & bow Extra heavy cav., with javelins Foot Command (3 Officers , 3 Std . bearers) Immortals Persian or Median in!. jav & sh . Persian or Median inf ., jav & bow firing Persian or Median in!. , jav., bow., sh . Paphlagonian javelin man Phoenician marine jav & sh . Kardakes , bow, sh . raised jav. Kardakes , bow, sh ., jav. at the ready Kardakes, bow, sh ., throwing jav. Later Persian archers Later Persian sl ingers Later Persian Javelinmen Four horse scythed chariot with driver ($3.49)

(NOTE: For Archosian light cav ., use MPA17)

ARAB CONQUEST/ARAB EMPIRE AEAl AEA2 AEA3 AEA4 AEA5 AEA6 AEA7 AEA8 AEA9

AEA10

AEA11 AEA12 AEA13 AEA14 AEA15 AEA16 AEA17 AEA18

Mounted General Heavy cavalry Medium/Heavy cav . Light cavalry Horse archer Khorasanian horse archer Camel rider with bow Camel rider, lance & shield Foot command Officers & Std . bearers Spearmen or javelinmen advancing Spearmen at the ready Archers firing Hadjis/two handed swordsmen Javelinmen Slingers Berber javelinmen/Ghulams Sudaness Ghulam spearmen Sudanese Ghulam archers

BACTRIAN GREEK (Part) MPA67 Bodyguard heavy cavalry MPA68 Heavy cavalry MPA68a Extra heavy cavalry MPA34 Light cavalry MPA69 Phalanx pikemen MPA70 Peltast (Use MPA 17 for Arachosian light cav.) (Use MPA16 for Saka horse archers)

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AMERICAN CIVIL WAR • NOTE: All figures are in campaign dress and are suitable for both Union and Confederate. Some of the Regiments and the Zouarves are named, but are suitable for other Regiments.

ACW1 Infantry in kepi & tunic firing ACW1a Infantry in kepi & shell jacket

firing ACW2 Infantry in slouch hat & Tunic

firing ACW2a Infantry in slouch hat & shell

jacket firing ACW3 Infantry in fock coat & kepi

firing ACW4 Infantry in frock coat & slouch

hat firing (Iron Brigade) ACW5 Infantry in kepi & tunic

advancing ACW5a Infantry in kepi & shell jacket

advancing ACW6 Infantry in frock coat & kepi

advancing ACWl Infantry in slouch hat & tunic

advancing ACWla Infantry in slouch hat & shell

jacket advancing ACW8 Infantry in frock coat & slouch

hat advancing (Iron Brigade) ACW9a Command Pack: Infantry Officer

in kepi ACW9b Cammand Pack: Standard

bearer in kepi ACW9c Command Pack: Infantry Officer

in slouch hat ACW9d Command Pack: Standard

bearer in slouch hat ACWge Command Pack: 3 Infantry

Officersl3 Standard bearers in kepi

ACW9f Command Pack: 3 Infantry Officersl3 Standard bearers slouch hat

ACW10 Cavalry holding carbine in kepi ACW11 Cavalry in kepi firing carbine ACW11a Cavalry in kepi firing shotgun ACW12 Cavalry in slouch hat firing

carbine ACW12a Cavalry in slouch hat firing

shotgun ACW13 Mounted Command: Officer in

kepi , drawn sword ACW13a Mounted Command: Standard

bearer in kepi (This figure can be used for Rush's Lancers)

ACW14 Mounted Command: Officer slough hat dawn sword

ACW14a Mounted Command: Standard bearer slouch hat

ACW14b Mounted Command: 2 Officers/1 Standard bearer kepi

ACW14c Mounted Command: 2 Officersl1 Standard bearer slouch hat

ACW15a Cavalry slouch hat firing shotgun forward

ACW15b Cavalry in kepi firing carbine forward

ACW16 Cavalry in kepi charging with dawn sword

ACW17 Cavalry in slouch hat charging with drawn sword

ACW18 Dismounted cavalry in kepi firing

ACW19 Dismounted cavalry in kepi kneeling

ACW20 Dismounted cavalry in kepi advancing

ACW21 Dismounted cavalry slouch hat firing

ACW22 Dismounted cavalry slouch hat kneeling firing

ACW23 Dismounted cavalry slouch hat advancing

ACW24 Command Pack: 3 Dismounted horse holders 3 horses

ACW24a Command Pack: 6 horses for use with horse holders

ACW25 Command Pack: 3 Dismounted Officersl3 Dismounted Standard bearers advancing

ACW26 Zouarve in kepi firing ACW27 Zouarve in kepi advancing ACW28 Zouarve in fez firing, 5th N.V.

Pen . ACW29 Zouarve in fez advancing,

Volunteers ACW30 Zouarve in stocking hat firing ,

9th N.V. ACW31 Zouarve stocking hat

advancing, Louisiana ACW32 Zouarve in turban firing ,

Zouarves ACW33 Zouarve in turban advancing ACW34 Command Pack: 3 Zouarve

Officers/3 Zouarve std. bearers • ACW34a Command Pack: Zouarve

Officers ACW34b Command Pack: Zouarve

Standard bearers ACW35 Command Pack: Assorted

Artillerymen ACWE1 2 cannon per pack

COLONIAL-SUDAN

BRITISH INFANTARY

OCl Firing (Puttees) OC2 At the ready (Puttees) OC3 At the ready (trousers) OC4 Foot command: 2 Officers, 2

Sergeants, 2 Buglers

SCOTS: (Kilt)

OC6 Firing OC7 At ease OC8 Command: 2 Officers,

2 Sergeants, 2 pipers

CAMEL CORPS/CAL VARY

OC5

OC9 OC10

OCll OC12

OC13 OC14 OC15

OC16 OC17 OC17a

OC17b

Command: Mtd. inflStaff Officers Mounted camel corps Command: 2 Camel Corps Officers, 1 Mounted Bugler Dismounted camel corps Command: 4 Camel Corps Officers, 2 Dism. Buglers Kneeling camel (3 per pack) 21 st lancers, charging Command: 2 lancer Officers, 1 Bugler, charging Artillery crew (6 figs) Gattling gun army crew Gattling gun navy crew (straw hat) Gattling gun Navy crew (naval cap)

MAHDISTS:

We have designed the Mahdist figures to give the greatest variety possible . Mounted figures have two variants. and foot figures have an average of three. Therefore, you can command an army of fanatics which look true to life ........ . !

ANSAR:

OC18 OC19 OC20 OC2l OC22 OC23 OC24 OC25

OC26

Mounted camels (sword) Mounted camels (spear) Horsemen Spearmen Spearmen attacking Spearmen throwing Riflemen Command: Leaders & Std. bearers) Command: Gun crew (use cannon OCE 1)

FUZZIE WUZZIES:

OC27 Spearmen OC28 Spearmen attacking OC29 Swordsmen OC30 Riflemen DEALEB.1NQUIRIES INVITED

Mail orders add $2:00 shipping and handling charges to all orders under $25. COD is an additional $2.00.

Telephone orders ~ •.. 304-547-0000 ... and use your major credit card.

Please mall check & your order to:

ltWAOOAMES BOX 278 ROUTE 40 EAST TRIADELPHIA WV 26059

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:\

r~m:bt

]~1)uri~tt NORTH AMERICA'S FOREMOST MINIATURE GAMING MAGAZINE

ARTICLES

THE CRIMEAN WAR; TWIXT COSSACKS AND CANNON DAVID L. RA YBIN reviews that war and its armies . .. . ... ... . . ..... .. ... .. . . . • .....•. ... . . ... •. .. .. . .. ... .. . . ....... .. . . •. ... . ... . .. .. .... . 5

THE TURKISH ARMY IN THE CRIMEA FRANK CHADWICK describes the least known army of the war .. . . ... .. . ... . .... .... .. ...... ... ..... ... .. ..... . . ..... ...... .• .... . .... . . . 15

FORLORN HOPE - ASSAULT OF A FORTRESS IN THE GUNPOWDER ERA HOWARD WHITEHOUSE with a playable set of siege rules .... . .. ..... ...... . .. . ....... . .. . . . . .... . . •. .. .. .. . .. .. . ........ .. .. . .......... 17

THE BA ITLE OF MOLLIERE'S FARM LARR Y BROM with a battle report using his Franco-Prussian War rules . .... .•.. . . ... ...... . .. .... . . .. .. . .. . . .. .. . . . .. .. . .... . . . .. . ... . .. . .. 23

STEVE CURTIS MEMORIAL TROPHY MIKE BLAKE describes the Western Gunfight game at Armageddon . ... •.. .. ..... .•. . .. •...... .. . . . . . ..... . . .... . .. . .. .. .. .. .. ............. 31

1/285-1/300 SCALE MINIATURES FOR MODERN GAMING BILL RUTHERFORD with a survey of available vehicle models .. . ... . . ... . . .. • .. ... . . . . .•..... ... .. . . .. .... . . .. . .. ... ... ... . . . . . ........... 47

THE A IT ACK ON THE SON TE SPECIAL FORCES CAMP MAX RA Y with a modern pe riod battle report . . ..... . . . ...... .. . . . ... . ... . ... .. . .. . . . . . . . . .. . ... . . . . .. .. . .. . .... .. ... . ...... . . .. . . ...... 49

FOG OF WAR, NAPOLEONIC SKIRMISH AT GETTYSBURG CARL WEST with a method for recreating the for of war in games ..... ..... ... ... . .. .. .. ..• . ... . . .. . .• ... . . . •.. ... . ....... ... . . . . .. .. .. . . . . 61

NAPOLEONIC CAMPAIGNING AT THE US MILITARY ACADEMY CADET K. MacWATERS and MAJOR RHA Y describe a campaign game .. ... .. . . .. . ... . .. . .... . ... .. .. . • . ..... .. . .. ... . ... . . . .. .. . . ... . . ... . 63

TACTICAL HINTS FOR USING WRG 7TH EDITION TERRY GORE with observations for beginners and experts alike ... . .. .. .......... . .. .. ..... ...... . ... . ....... .. . .. ... .... .. . ..... .. .. . .. . . 67

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE BASING OF ELEMENTS K.G. MADISON on basing wargames figures for WRG 7th and others ...... . • . . ... . . .. . •... ....... ...... ..... . ...... .. .... .. . . . ... ... . ... . . 69

DEPARTMENTS

SAPPER'S REPORT Larry Brom and making Table Top Towns ..... ... . .• .... . ... . ... .. .. ... .... .. .... ..... . ... . ... .. ................ ..... .. 29

THE REVIEWING STAND with Jay Hadley . ....... ... . ... .. . . . .. . ... ...... .. ....... . ...... .... . • ...... . ..... ... ... .. . .. .. . ............... 39

THE COURIER DISPATCH News of the Hobby . .. .. .. ..... . . ... .. ...... ... . .. . ....... . ..... . ... .....•.... .• . . ... . . . . ... . .... . . . .. . .... .. 53

DISPATCHES FROM THE FIELD Letters to (or at) the Editor .......• . ....... .. . .. . . • . . .. . . ......... .. .. ... . ..... . .. .. .. .. . .. . ......... ..... . 71

VOLLEY FIRE What you like (or hate) about THE COURIER . .. .. . ...... . .. . .... . ..... . ...... . . ... ... .. ... . . . . . .... . . . ... . . .. . . ... . .. . ...... 72

COVER: The Charge of the Light Brigade; the original hangs in the Havannah Officer's Mess and is reprinted by permission of the Commandant and Officers of the School of Electrical & Mechanical at Bordon, H England.

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~I)u·tt.i-t·tt MANAGING EDITOR: Richard L. Bryant

BUSINESS MANAGER: Leo Cronin ART DIRECTOR: Joseph Miceli

ADVERTISING MANAGER: Bruce Milligan THEME EDITOR: NAPOLEON THE LITTLE

Pat Condray

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS William Abrams; Jim Arnold; Ken Bunger; Robert Beattie; Lynn Bodin; Rodman Burr; Steve Carpenter; Pat Condray; Todd Fisher; Bill Greenwald; Jay Hadley; Ian Knight; Paul Koch; Doug Johnson; Robert Mosca; Nick Nascati; Kruse Smith; Walter Simon.

STAFF CARTOONISTS: Brian Lum Jose Niera

STAFF PHOTOGRAPHERS: Pat Condray Tom Desmond

THE COURIER DISPATCH: Hal Thinglum

ST AFF ILLUSTRATORS Alan Archambault, AI Karasa, John Thull,

Joe Matthews, Larry Schuman, Terry Manton, Bill Greenwald

TYPESETTING: Steve Brown

PRINTING: Quantum Printing

THE COURIER PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC. Richard L. Bryant, President

DIRECTORS Richard Bryant, Leo Cronin, Joseph Miceli

THE COURIER is published approximately bi-monthly at Brockton, MA 02401 USA.

SUBSCRIPTIONS USA - $16.00; CANADA & S. AMERICA, surface rate - $19.00. UNITED KINGDOM & EUROPE write to: Ahketon, UK, Unit 12A Olds Approach, Tolpitts Lane, Watford, Herts, England. AUSTRALIA write to: Essex Miniatures Pty., Ltd., 40 Railway Parade, Lakemba, NSW 2195 .

BACK ISSUES Recent back issues are available for $4.00, USA; $4.50 Canada & Foreign surface; $5.50 Foreign airmail. See last page of issue for listing. Monies in US funds drawn on US banks or I nternational Postal Money Order. Subscriptions start with NEXT published issue after receipt of payment

No responsibility is assumed for statements of fad or opinion made by the authors. No responsibility is assumed for unsolicited manuscripts, but all sub­missions are welcome, no query necessary. All sub­missions should contain a self-addressed STAMPED envelope large enough to return the submission.

This magazine and other publications ofThe Courier Publishing Company are sold with the understanding that every reasonable attempt is made to deliver them safely through the mails. The Courier Publishing Company is not responsible for items lost in the mails. Replacements will be provided at their usual cost

All DOMESTIC DEALER INQUIRIES, ADVERTISING COpy AND INQUIRIES, DOMESTIC SUBSCRIP­TIONS AND ARTICLES to THE COURIER, Box 1878, Brockton, MA 02403.

Entire Contents Copyright © 1987 by The Courier Publishing Company, Inc.

VOl. VII, NO. 6

THE VANGUARD

EDITOR'S NOTES

THE NEW THEME YEAR

Over 500 ballots were received with readers' choices for the next theme year. Many sent them in without bothering to fill in the rest of Volley Fire ... folks, Volley Fire isjustas important to the contents you will see in The Courier as is the vote for the theme year.

I weighted the vote as fo llows: If a theme received a first place vote it rated a 3, a second place vote a 2, and a third place vote a 1. The highest sum was the winner.

The winning theme is The French and Indian War with 620 " points"; second was (su rprise) The WWI colonial period with 462 points; third was The Dark Ages with 381 .

Bill Protz has agreed to be Theme Editor and has already lined up a very impressive list of authors and articles for the series. Of course we will continue to cover all the main periods and have some very interesting rule sets to present later on .. . such as a set of Ancient Rules based on On to Richmond!

Let me take this opportunity to thank Pat Condray for the fine job he did in opening our eyes to the Franco-Prussian War as an interesting gaming period.

HERE WE GO AGAIN!

It has come to my attention that a major US Miniature Wargame distributor is in the process of suing a major US Miniature Manufacturer for alleged restraint of trade and slander to the tune of $1 .6 million! Yup! MILLION!!

I suppose a counter suit will come about as well. I would not be surprised if, before it's over, other manu facturers, distributors, and perhaps even gaming personalities will be drawn into the vortex. Whatever the facts, whoever the wronged party, wherever lies the justice in the case, the sure losers will be the Hobby and the average miniature warga mer.

Two major suppliers to the hobby will now expend most of their energies in trying to gut one another rather than getting out that new line or importing the latest reference book. Their suppliers will probably experience a slowdown in payments as the economies of the warri ng powers are geared to the battle. The ripple effect in such a small hobby ca n be tremendous.

I remember the hurt experienced in the FRP hobby when TSR and GAMA fell out (a schism thankfully repaired with TSR sponsoring Origins 88) and I am afraid of what can happen here.

I ask these parties to consider whether the righting of the wrong they felt was done to them is worth the damage that will be done to the hobby that is both their livelihood and their avocation.

QUOTABLE WARGAME QUOTES

" Can my WRG Ancient Army unit field part of its men with right-handed shields so that they always count shielded? " - Noel Conley Jr. quoted by Chris Parker.

" The rules can't be accurate - I just lost." - Bruce Miller quoted by Paul Koch

"I' ll roll first; Guards never rout." - Dick Bryant, Quatre Bras 1969

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The Charge of the Heavv Brigade from a Lithograph bv w. ~m~son. The recent interest in the era of Napoleon III has been primarily devoted to what Pat Condray has called the " play-offs": the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 in which Prussia defeated France. While the 1870 conflict is certainly the end of the era, the Crimean War unquestionably marks the beginning. Indeed, France became a world power as a result of the Crimean War. But the story of the war is not just of the rise of France - it marks a major event in the history of the Russian Empire.

Since the days of Peter the Great the Czars have sought to expand the southern boundaries of Russia at the expense of the Ottoman Empire and its neighbors. Indeed, the relatively recent invasion of Afghanistan and the potential threats to Iran are but extensions of the same philosophy. The Crimean War of 1853-1856 was a major effort on behalf of England and France to contain yet another Russian expansion into Turkey. However, what was originally perceived as nothing more than a "colonial expedition" turned into a larger conflict which threatened to involve most of the major countries of Europe.

In 1853 Czar Nicholas I of Russia precipitated a diplomatic incident with Turkey as a pretext for hostilities. Notwithstanding the protests of England and France the Russians occupied the Turkish controlled provinces of Moldavia and Wallachia located on the east coast of the Black Sea. As a result, Turkey declared war on October 5, 1853.

The Russians' invasion of Turkey began with an assault on the Turkish lines on the Danube River and a siege of Silistria. Next, the Russian fleet in the Black Sea destroyed a Turkish squadron at Sinope. In addition, the Russians began preparation for an invasion of the Caucasus border region located on the western shore of the Black Sea. A diplomatic resolution of these matters proved impossible, and France and England declared war on Russia in March, 1854.

The reasons for the French and British intervention are certainly complex. In general, however, England thought the Russian invasion of Turkey as something of a threat to India. From a more practical standpoint, the English public became aroused by the Russians' failure to heed the direction of the government not to invade Turkey. The French motive has 5

courtesy of The British Muesum. london often been perceived as nothing more than the desires of Napoleon III to strengthen his own position by military victories. For a multitude of reasons France and England - historical enemies - found themselves as allies against the Russian Empire.

Modern warfare concerns itself to a great extent with control of the means of transportation of troops. In 1854 naval superiority was very much a concern because of the proximity of the Russian invasion to the Black Sea. By its control of the Black Sea, the Russians could directly support a land invasion which could conceivably conquer Constantinople. To thwart the Russian conquest of Turkey both France and England perceived that their objective would be the naval base at Sebastopol on the Crimean peninsula. The destruction of the Russian fleet and the capture of this base would enable the allies to counter the Russian drive into Turkey. As a practical matter,' this was the only real "exposed" position since an allied invasion the Baltic to capture St. Petersburg would be extremely difficult due to the strong Russian fortifications there.

To begin the relief of Turkey, the French and English troops sailed to the Black Sea and established themselves at Scutari which is adjacent to Constantinople. From there a large force was sent to Varna on the east

The Russians were well aware of the intentions of the allies since almost every move of the English fleet was reported on the front pages of the London Times.

coast of the Black Sea. This latter move was originally intended to assist the Turks who were defending the Danube line. But because the Turks successfully held back the Russians, the allied troops were now free to mount an invasion of the Crimea across the Black Sea to take Sebastopol.

In September, 1854, the allied expeditionary force landed in the Crimea at Eupatoria about 25 miles north of Sebastopol. After several days of "organization", the allied army began its march south. Even at this early

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