More fibers, less space advances in fiber/cable...

Your Optical Fiber Solutions Partner™ OFS Proprietary |

More fibers, less space –

advances in fiber/cable density


OFS – Stable, Reliable, Customer Focused

Worldwide Resources

OFS and Furukawa Global Reach

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Big and small

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• Big demand

– Bandwidth and fiber demand driver update

• Small bends

• Small fiber

• Small (outdoors)

• Small (indoors)


Bandwidth growth is accelerating

• In the past 15 years, we’ve seen…

– The Internet, iPods

– HDTVs, DVRs

– Smartphones, Tablet computers

– Streaming services

• All require bandwidth

• Where to get additional bandwidth

– Faster equipment

– More fiber

– More wavelengths

• We must expect more changes in the future

Cisco bandwidth forecast

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• Next gen TV format – 2x

resolution, roughly 2X

bandwidth

• Content online and

growing rapidly

• For the first time ever,

higher quality video is

available via Internet

streaming versus

standard packages

• Price continues to drop

rapidly

4K (Ultra HD) TV

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

2012 2016

55" 4K TV Price

Source: OFS price surveySource: Best Buy

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25 Mbps/screen – How many screens used at once?

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Optical spectrum needed for the future

ITU-T Wavelength Bands (nm) – G.694.2

1260 1280 1300 1320 1340 1360 1380 1400 1420 1440 1460 1480 1500 1520 1540 1560 1580 1600 1620

RFoG

GE/GPON

201210GPON

2016NG-PON2

(40G-PON)

Year

1990s

Technology

P2P & DWDM

2000s12 ch CWDM

E-Band CWDM 2010

Full Spectrum?Std SMF G.652.D

Bending LossWater peak loss

10 mm radius

The first 30 years used 1310/1550 nm.

The next 30 will require the entire ITU spectrum.

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Zero Water Peak PerformanceClean performance through the optical spectrum

ZWP has up to 22% lower attenuation in the water peak region

wavelength (nm)

0

0.3

0.6

0.9

1.2

1300 1500 1600

Lo

ss (

dB

/km

)

O LCSE

1400

LWP fiber

Zero Water Peak fiber - lowest loss

U

Conventional

SM Fiber

G.652A/B

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New challenges in the network

More and tighter bends

• Outdoors

– Limited duct space

– Smaller cable diameters

– Smaller closures and handholes

• Indoors

– Fiber management challenges in CO

– New indoor applications in homes and

buildings

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Your Optical Fiber Solutions Partner™ OFS Proprietary | 10

Macrobending

Small

radius

Bend Optimized

Singlemode fiber

Small

radius

Service

Maintained

Optical

Signal

Large Optical Loss

Dysfunctional Signal

exits bend

Service Disrupted

Conventional Single-mode fiber

High optical loss around bends

Smallradius

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../../../Local Settings/up comming presentations/BICSI Spring Conference/AllWave Dual Video Ver 1.1 320 X 240.wmv


Bend loss vs wavelength and radius

Bending loss of Std SMF (G.652D) can disrupt services or reduce reach

Optical Fiber Bending Loss Increase vs Wavelength

Macro-bending Loss of typical standard G.652D SMF

Single 360 degree turn (maximum loss)

0

5

10

15

20

Wavelength (nm)

Ma

cro

be

nd

ing

Lo

ss

(d

B)

10 mm radius

std SMF

7.5 mm radius

std SMF

5 mm radius

std SMF

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Bending Loss will become an even Bigger Challenge

Increasing 2 to 4 times from Current Systems

Application Standard Current Generation Next Generation on

Same Fiber Network

Bending

Loss

Increase

FTTH

IEEEGE-PON downstream

1490

nm

10G E-PON downstream 1577

nm3X

ITU-T G-PON Downstream

10G-PON downstream

40G-PON

(NG-PON2)

1603

nm4X

DOCSIS

and HFC

SCTE

/ITU

RF-Videodownstream

1550

nm

RFoG

upstream

1610

nm2X

Metro and

some Long

Haul

ITUC-Band

DWDM

/CWDM

1560

nm

L-Band

DWDM

/CWDM

1625

nm2.5X

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Meeting the bending challenge in the OSPNew fibers can help

Smaller cables can sometimes reduce installed costs

Greater flexibility to use existing infrastructure

Less bend sensitive fibers may enable smaller handholes for some designs

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Guidelines for single-mode fiber

deployment (Yesterday/Today)

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Outside Plant Connectivity and In building

ITU-T G.657ITU-T G.652

Better macrobending properties

Perceived splicing issues

Relatively bend sensitive

9.2 MFD to simplify OTDR testing

90% of all fiber deployed today


New guidelines for single-mode

fiber deployment (Today/Tomorrow)

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Outside Plant

ITU-T G.657.A1 with 9.2 MFD

• Less bend sensitive

• G.652.D compliance

• Seamless splicing

ITU-T G.652

O, S, C Band and L

Band operation


Small bends can mean big losses (G.652 Fiber)Two 10 mm radius half bends can lose up to 10 KM of reach

20 km

OLT

2016 GPON 1490 nm

2 half bends 10 mm radius

20 KM reach preserved

2022 – NG PON 2 1603 nm


10 KM less reach

10 km

OLT

15 km

OLT

2017 10G-PON 1577 nm


5 KM less reach

Sounds like an opportunity for bend insensitive fibers

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New OSP Fibers can Preserve PON reach

20 km

OLT

2016 GPON 1490 nm downstream



2017 10G-PON 1577 nm downstream



20 km

OLT

2022 – NG PON 2 1603 nm downstream



20 km

OLT

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Splicing traditional bend insensitive fibers

G.652D G.657A1

No change in signal shape or system

performance due to slightly different MFDs

Incoming pulse Outgoing pulse

Actual loss = (Loss + gain)/2 = Bi directional avg

Actual loss

Gainer

Direction 1

Elevated loss

Direction 2

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New OSP fibers – G.657A1 and 9.2µm MFD

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No change in signal shape

Seamless splicing


Splice performance to G.652.D

Intermixes with no issues – eases inventory and transition

Unidirectional OTDR tests (Worst Case expected results)

• G.652D to G.652D Fiber 0.2 dB Max

• New OSP fiber to G.652D Fiber 0.2 dB Max

Bi-directional

OTDR loss (dB average)

G.652D

fiber

New OSP

fibers

G.652D

fiber0.02 0.02

New OSP

fibers0.02 0.02

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0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Bend LossdB

Wavelength (nm)

G.652 Fiber works well at specified bendsMacro-bend Loss dB - One 360 degree turn 16 mm radius

G.652 Single-mode Fiber

No bending loss issue when used as specified

1577

10G-

PONFTTH

1550

RF-Video CATV and

FTTH

1603

40G-

PONFTTH

1490

G-PONFTTH

1310

G-PONFTTH

1530 to 1625

C/DWDM Metro LH

10 mm

radius

16 mm

Current FTTN

and FTTHEmerging

FTTH

Current Metro and

Long HaulLegend

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AllWave®+ and AllWave One Fibers

The next generations of single mode fiber

G.657.A1bend loss

G.652.D

13% -33% lower loss

than G.652.D

Full Spectrum Zero Water Peak

9.2 MFD for seamless

splicing and testing

100% Synthetic Silica

Pure Reliable Glass

33% better PMD LDV

(0.04)

16 mm min

bend radius

10 mm min

bend radius

Even lower bend loss

(30% lower than

AllWave + fiber)

15% lower loss for up to

15% longer reach

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200 micron fiber

• Enables 2x fibers in same tube (or smaller

tubes)

• Glass stays the same (125 microns)

• > 12 fibers/tube, last 12 fibers ring marked

• Fully compliant to fiber standards

• Fully tested in cable designs to assure

reliability is not sacrificed

• Millions of KMs deployed already

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200 microns

245 microns

Glass

fiber

Primary coating

Secondary coating

250 microns

Glass

fiber

24 fibers fit in a typical 12F tube

2X the cabled fiber density


200 µm fiber splicing – Loose tube cables

• Seamless splicing with the installed base

• Spliced with the same tools and procedures

as 250 µm coated fibers

• Why?

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Splicers hold the glass fiber, not the coating!


• Full featured with GR-20 ruggedness

• 15% smaller diameter, 25+% smaller area

• Lighter weight

• Room for more subducts, microducts or

cables

• Lower fill ratio – potentially lower

tensions and longer pulls between

handholes

• More cable on the same reel size –

potentially fewer splice points

• Potential for smaller coils and handholes

• Lower weight on poles

200 µm benefits – traditional loose tube cables

2” scenario

144F Traditional cable = 15.67 mm (0.62”)

144F 200µm cable = 12.86 mm (0.51”)

Additional cable

or microcable


200 µm fiber benefits – ribbon cables

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• Full featured with GR-20

ruggedness

• Similar benefits

– Lighter weight

– Smaller diameter – (roughly

15%)

• Retain benefits of mass fusion

splicing with today’s

equipment


Rollable ribbons

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• Intermittent bonds between

fibers in a ribbon

• “Rollable” into a smaller

package than flat ribbons

• Development driven by NTT –

Proposed in early 2000s

• “Classic” Japanese

development – multiple

companies work on similar

problem

Furukawa (2012) Illustration


Rollable Ribbon Benefits and Challenges

Benefits

• Higher density

– Smaller diameter and weight

• Gel-free

• Easier to break out

individual fibers

Challenges

• Early in the product life cycle

• Sometimes more difficult to

break out individual ribbons

• Handling and robustness may

be a concern

• Splicing procedures not as

refined as flat ribbon

• Limited sources and

availability

• Cost

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Where rollable ribbons make sense

• Ultra high fiber counts

– Significant diameter reductions

– Enables 1728 fibers in 1 ¼” duct

– 3456 fibers and higher are practical

• Lower fiber counts

– 200 µm ribbons have more familiar performance and handling

– Cables with 200 µm ribbons have similar diameters to rollable ribbons

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Evolution of optical cable – microcables


Evolution of optical cable – microcables

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Smallest – 5.7-6.3 mm

144 fiber cable example

(Traditional cable = 15.7mm)

Smaller – 8.6 mm

Small – 9.7 mm

First generation microcable – GR-20

Second generation microcables – smaller tubes

3rd and 4th gen – smaller tubes and 200 µm fiber


96 fiber Trial

Difficult route

Cable with PA (nylon) sheath

2000 m in approx. 35 minutes

Microcables sometimes require caution

• Not as standardized as traditional OSP cables

• GR-20 rated cables can be pulled with caution

• Next gen microcables should be blown – less mechanically robust

– Requires specialized handling

• Typical cable/microduct fill ratios (diam. to diam.) – 65%-75%

• Not intended for aerial deployments (without microduct)

• Use caution with FTTH distribution applications requiring expessingin pedestals

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Small Solutions to the

MDU Unit

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Existing methods for MDU hallway deployments –

multiple fibers

• Existing methods of hallway

deployments are often lacking

– Large and visible

– Hard to install

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Target Application: Existing residence

Moldings and tapes

are typically very

visible


Small system for hallway deployments

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12 fibers


New system for hallway deployments

Clean, completed

installation


System components

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Preconnectorized

Multifiber Unit – 12F

(SC, LC, MPO)

Through wall tool and wall plugs/caps

Point of entry module

with connector adapter

Adhesive application

tool and adhesive

Corner

protectors


Installation technique – down the hallway

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Adding a subscriber is quick and easy

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Add

connector

or splice

pigtail

Connect to in-unit fiber network

Open sheath and

remove fiber

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Summary

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• Bandwidth demand is big and keeps growing

Small size can help…

• Outdoors

– New OSP fibers can help manage smaller bends

• G.657A2 and 9.2 µm MFD

– 200 µm fibers can enable smaller cables

– Rollable ribbons are helpful for large fiber counts

– Smaller cables can increase density and lower costs

• Indoors

– New products can enable fiber to the MDU unit

More fibers, less space advances in fiber/cable...

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